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References from Systemic Bioavailability of Topical Diclofenac: Sodium 1% Versus Diethylamine 1.16% and the Effect of Heat or Exercise in a Randomized Cross‐Over Study. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and organ damage: a current perspective
10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114147 · 2020 · External reference
Diclofenac: an update on its mechanism of action and safety profile
10.1185/03007995.2010.486301 · 2010 · External reference
Prostanoids and inflammatory pain
10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2012.08.006 · 2013 · External reference
Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs: meta‐analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60900-9 · 2013 · External reference
Relationship between diclofenac dose and risk of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular events: meta‐regression based on two systematic literature reviews
10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.04.012 · 2014 · External reference
Two phase I, randomized, open‐label, multiple‐dose, crossover studies investigating the systemic bioavailability of topical diclofenac diethylamine gels compared with oral diclofenac tablets
10.1002/cpdd.1560 · 2025 · External reference
Topical nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs: the importance of drug, delivery, and therapeutic outcome
10.1097/mjt.0b013e3182459abd · 2015 · External reference
Efficacy of topical diclofenac diethylamine gel in osteoarthritis of the knee
2005 · External reference
Randomized, double‐blind, noninferiority study of diclofenac diethylamine 2.32% gel applied twice daily versus diclofenac diethylamine 1.16% gel applied four times daily in patients with acute ankle sprain
10.1186/s12891-022-06077-z · 2022 · External reference
Local heat applications as a treatment of physical and functional parameters in acute and chronic musculoskeletal disorders or pain
10.1016/j.apmr.2021.06.015 · 2022 · External reference
Sample size determination for bioequivalence assessment by means of confidence intervals
1991 · External reference
Systemic bioavailability of topical diclofenac sodium gel 1% versus oral diclofenac sodium in healthy volunteers
10.1177/0091270009336234 · 2010 · External reference
Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling to support bioequivalence and approval of generic products: a case for diclofenac sodium topical gel, 1%
2021 · External reference
Evaluating the real‐world use of topical diclofenac sodium gel 1% using US longitudinal electronic health records database: a study supporting OTC switch
10.1007/s40122-025-00723-9 · 2025 · External reference
