Research graph
References from SGLT2 Inhibitors and Asthma Exacerbation Risk Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Asthma: A Target Trial Emulation. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Analysis of comorbidities and multimorbidity in adult patients in the international severe asthma registry
10.1016/j.anai.2023.08.021 · 2024 · External reference
Prevalence of comorbidity of chronic diseases in Australia
10.1186/1471-2458-8-221 · 2008 · External reference
The association between type 2 diabetes and asthma incidence: a longitudinal analysis considering genetic susceptibility
10.1186/s12889-024-21266-2 · 2025 · External reference
Systemic adverse effects from inhaled corticosteroid use in asthma: a systematic review
10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000756 · 2020 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Association between novel glucose‐lowering drugs and risk of asthma: a network meta‐analysis of cardiorenal outcome trials
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109080 · 2022 · External reference
Empagliflozin inhibits autophagy and mitigates airway inflammation and remodelling in mice with ovalbumin‐induced allergic asthma
10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175701 · 2023 · External reference
Airway glucose homeostasis: a new target in the prevention and treatment of pulmonary infection
10.1016/j.chest.2017.05.031 · 2018 · External reference
SGLT inhibitors attenuate NO‐dependent vascular relaxation in the pulmonary artery but not in the coronary artery
10.1152/ajplung.00167.2015 · 2015 · External reference
Empagliflozin protects against pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury via an extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1 and 2‐dependent mechanism
10.1124/jpet.121.000956 · 2022 · External reference
9. Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: standards of Care in Diabetes‐2026
10.2337/dc26-s009 · 2026 · External reference
Asthma exacerbations in patients with type 2 diabetes and asthma on glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists
10.1164/rccm.202004-0993oc · 2021 · External reference
Association of novel antihyperglycemic drugs versus metformin with a decrease in asthma exacerbations
10.1016/j.jaip.2024.05.002 · 2024 · External reference
The effect of DPP‐4 inhibitors on asthma control: an administrative database study to evaluate a potential pathophysiological relationship
2017 · External reference
Target trial emulation: a framework for causal inference from observational data
10.1001/jama.2022.21383 · 2022 · External reference
Transparent reporting of observational studies emulating a target trial—the TARGET statement
10.1001/jama.2025.13350 · 2025 · External reference
Cross‐regional data initiative for the assessment and development of treatment for neurological and mental disorders
10.2147/clep.s426485 · 2023 · External reference
Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD): in the era of artificial intelligence, causal inference, and data security
10.2147/clep.s553894 · 2025 · External reference
Validating ICD‐10 diagnosis codes for Guillain‐Barré syndrome in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Claims Database
10.2147/clep.s485953 · 2024 · External reference
Frailty‐stratified effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors versus DPP‐4 inhibitors and GLP‐1 receptor agonists on pulmonary outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study
10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103332 · 2025 · External reference
Use of ICS/LABA combinations or LAMA is associated with a lower risk of acute exacerbation in patients with coexistent COPD and asthma
10.1016/j.jaip.2018.01.035 · 2018 · External reference
Recent asthma exacerbations: a key predictor of future exacerbations
10.1016/j.rmed.2006.07.005 · 2007 · External reference
Asthma exacerbations: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment
10.1016/j.jaip.2017.05.001 · 2017 · External reference
Adapted diabetes complications severity index and Charlson comorbidity index in predicting all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes
10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003262 · 2023 · External reference
Validating the adapted diabetes complications severity index in claims data
2012 · External reference
Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database: past and future
10.2147/clep.s196293 · 2019 · External reference
Validation of diagnosis codes in healthcare databases in Taiwan, a literature review
10.1002/pds.5608 · 2023 · External reference
The estimands framework: a primer on the ICH E9(R1) addendum
10.1136/bmj-2023-076316 · 2024 · External reference
The intention‐to‐treat principle: how to assess the true effect of choosing a medical treatment
10.1001/jama.2014.7523 · 2014 · External reference
Estimands, estimators, and estimates
10.1001/jama.2021.2886 · 2021 · External reference
Comparing propensity score methods versus traditional regression analysis for the evaluation of observational data: a case study evaluating the treatment of gram‐negative bloodstream infections
10.1093/cid/ciaa169 · 2020 · External reference
Use of antidiabetic medications and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation requiring hospitalization: a disease risk score‐matched nested case–control study
10.1186/s12931-020-01547-1 · 2020 · External reference
How to perform prespecified subgroup analyses when using propensity score methods in the case of imbalanced subgroups
10.1186/s12874-023-02071-8 · 2023 · External reference
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and risk of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stage 1–3 chronic kidney disease
10.1503/cmaj.240922 · 2025 · External reference
Treatment effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding: dealing with observations in the tails of the propensity score distribution—a simulation study
10.1093/aje/kwq198 · 2010 · External reference
Generalizability of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors cardiovascular outcome trials to the type 2 diabetes population: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
10.1186/s12933-020-01067-8 · 2020 · External reference
SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP‐1 RAs, and DPP4 inhibitors and the risk of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetes: a target trial emulation
10.1371/journal.pmed.1004968 · 2026 · External reference
Utilization of positive and negative controls to examine comorbid associations in observational database studies
10.1097/mlr.0000000000000640 · 2017 · External reference
Negative controls: a tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studies
10.1097/ede.0b013e3181d61eeb · 2010 · External reference
Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
10.1056/nejmoa1911303 · 2019 · External reference
Cardiovascular and renal outcomes with empagliflozin in heart failure
10.1056/nejmoa2022190 · 2020 · External reference
Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes
10.1056/nejmoa1504720 · 2015 · External reference
Genitourinary tract infections in patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors
10.1016/j.jacc.2024.01.040 · 2024 · External reference
Control outcomes and exposures for improving internal validity of nonrandomized studies
10.1111/1475-6773.12279 · 2015 · External reference
Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E‐value
10.7326/m16-2607 · 2017 · External reference
Thiazolidinediones and the risk of asthma exacerbation among patients with diabetes: a cohort study
10.1186/1710-1492-10-34 · 2014 · External reference
Potential for repurposing oral hypertension/diabetes drugs to decrease asthma risk in obesity
10.1080/02770903.2022.2097919 · 2023 · External reference
Metformin use and asthma outcomes among patients with concurrent asthma and diabetes
10.1111/resp.12818 · 2016 · External reference
The NLRP3 inflammasome: role in airway inflammation
10.1111/cea.12206 · 2014 · External reference
SGLT2 inhibition modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activity via ketones and insulin in diabetes with cardiovascular disease
10.1038/s41467-020-15983-6 · 2020 · External reference
The contribution of oxidative stress and inflamm‐aging in human and equine asthma
10.3390/ijms18122612 · 2017 · External reference
Characterization and redox mechanism of asthma in the elderly
10.18632/oncotarget.7075 · 2016 · External reference
Asthma in the elderly and late‐onset adult asthma
10.1111/all.13258 · 2018 · External reference
Differences in the clinical characteristics of early‐ and late‐onset asthma in elderly patients
10.1155/2020/2940296 · 2020 · External reference
Asthma in children and adults‐what are the differences and What can they tell us about asthma?
10.3389/fped.2019.00256 · 2019 · External reference
Insulin use increases risk of asthma but metformin use reduces the risk in patients with diabetes in a Taiwanese population cohort
10.1080/02770903.2017.1283698 · 2017 · External reference
Asthma exacerbations in New Zealand 2010‐2019: a national population‐based study
10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107365 · 2023 · External reference
Severe asthma exacerbations in the United States: incidence, characteristics, predictors, and effects of biologic treatments
10.1016/j.anai.2021.07.010 · 2021 · External reference
Validation of asthma recording in electronic health records: a systematic review
10.2147/clep.s143718 · 2017 · External reference
Validating exacerbations of asthma in electronic health records: a systematic review
10.1183/16000617.0004-2026 · 2026 · External reference
