Contact and support
Need help, have a question, or want to contact the ResearchHub team?
© 2026 ResearchHub. Built for responsible scholarly connection.
Research graph
References from Implicit Cognition and Spelling Development. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
The anatomy of word-specific memory
1998 · External reference
Computerized assessment of verbal skill
10.1007/bf01074345 · 1993 · External reference
Interactions between lexical and assembled spelling (In English, Italian and Welsh)
1992 · External reference
Developmental changes in interrelationships of visible language codes, oral language codes, and reading or spelling
10.1016/1041-6080(90)90016-a · 1990 · External reference
Implicit and explicit learning of complex tasks
1994 · External reference
Categorizing sounds and learning to read—A causal connection
10.1038/301419a0 · 1983 · External reference
Encountering misspellings and spelling performance: Why wrong isn't right
10.1037/0022-0663.80.4.488 · 1988 · External reference
An analysis of the spelling errors of children who differ in their reading and spelling skills
10.1017/s0142716400000461 · 1988 · External reference
An analysis of the component spelling and reading skills of good readers-good spellers, good readers-poor spellers, and poor readers-poor spellers
1990 · External reference
Differences and commonalities between implicit learning and implicit memory
1998 · External reference
When children write nonwords to dictation
10.1016/0022-0965(85)90069-4 · 1985 · External reference
Interactions in the development of spelling, reading and phonological skills
10.1111/j.1467-9817.1988.tb00153.x · 1988 · External reference
Implicit learning: Below the subjective threshold
10.3758/bf03210769 · 1997 · External reference
Implicit synthesis
10.3758/bf03210776 · 1997 · External reference
Is it misspelled or is it mispelled? The influence of fresh orthographic information on spelling
10.1023/a:1007955314533 · 1997 · External reference
The lure and language of implicit memory: A developmental perspective
1994 · External reference
The development of orthographic images
1980 · External reference
Sources of difficulty in learning to spell and read
1986 · External reference
Review and commentary: Stages of spelling development
1992 · External reference
Learning to read and learning to spell are one and the same, almost
1997 · External reference
Beginning readers outperform older disabled readers in learning to read words by sight
10.1007/bf03162082 · 1995 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1984 · External reference
Vocabulary acquisition: The implicit ins and outs of explicit cognitive mediation
1994 · External reference
The interplay between information and assimilation in beginning literacy
1986 · External reference
Spelling proficiency and sensitivity to word structure
10.1016/0749-596x(85)90038-5 · 1985 · External reference
The influence of orthography on readers' conceptualization of the phonemic structure of words
1989 · External reference
The role of phonology and orthography in morphological awareness
1995 · External reference
Unexpected spelling problems
1980 · External reference
An analysis of developmental spelling in GNYS AT WRK
1982 · External reference
Generalization of spelling strategies by LD students as a result of contingent imitation/modelling and mastery criteria
10.1177/002221948601900903 · 1986 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1975 · External reference
Do you have to be right to redescribe?
10.1017/s0140525x00036748 · 1994 · External reference
Children's use of analogy in learning to spell
10.1111/j.2044-835x.1988.tb01077.x · 1988 · External reference
Annotation: Phonological factors in spelling development
10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00918.x · 1992 · External reference
Should the natural learning approach replace spelling instruction?
10.1037/0022-0663.92.2.235 · 2000 · External reference
Phonemic awareness helps first graders invent spellings and third graders remember correct spellings
10.1080/10862969109547737 · 1991 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1966 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1990 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1980 · External reference
The reader's implicit knowledge of orthographic structure
1980 · External reference
Word-specific knowledge, word-recognition strategies and spelling ability
10.1006/jmla.1993.1013 · 1993 · External reference
Reading student essays may be hazardous to your spelling: Effects of reading correctly and incorrectly spelled words
10.1037/h0084259 · 1990 · External reference
Separating conscious and unconscious influences of memory: Measuring recollection
10.1037/0096-3445.122.2.139 · 1993 · External reference
Remembering without awareness
10.1037/h0080638 · 1982 · External reference
Acquisition of literacy: A longitudinal study of children in first and second grade
10.1037/0022-0663.78.4.243 · 1986 · External reference
From meta-processes to conscious access: Evidence from children's metalinguistic and repair data
10.1016/0010-0277(86)90040-5 · 1986 · External reference
Constraints on representational change: Evidence from children's drawing
10.1016/0010-0277(90)90031-e · 1990 · External reference
Beyond modularity: Innate constraints and developmental change
1991 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1992 · External reference
Précis of Beyond modularity: A developmental perspective on cognitive science
10.1017/s0140525x00036621 · 1994 · External reference
Implicit memory and skill acquisition: Is synthesis possible?
1993 · External reference
The role of phonological and orthographic processes in learning to spell
1994 · External reference
The development of phonological rules and visual strategies in average and poor spellers
10.1006/jecp.1996.0022 · 1996 · External reference
Phonology and the problems of learning to read and write
10.1177/074193258500600604 · 1985 · External reference
Orthographic structure and the spelling process: A comparison of different codes
1994 · External reference
Implicit processes in problem solving
1993 · External reference
The development of strategies in spelling
1980 · External reference
Reading ability and letter search time: Effects of orthographic structure defined by single-letter positional frequency
10.1037/0096-3445.104.2.146 · 1975 · External reference
Orthographic regularity, positional frequency, and visual processing of letter strings
10.1037/0096-3445.108.1.107 · 1979 · External reference
Preliminary letter identification in the perception of words and nonwords
1976 · External reference
Grammar and phonology predict spelling in middle childhood
10.1023/a:1007947129554 · 1997 · External reference
The automatic activation of sound-letter knowledge: An alternative interpretation of analogy and priming effects in early spelling development
10.1006/jecp.1996.0056 · 1996 · External reference
Novices and experts: An information processing approach to the “good language learner” problem
10.1017/s0142716400007177 · 1986 · External reference
Episodic knowledge and implicit learning
10.3758/bf03210770 · 1997 · External reference
Processing implicit and explicit representations
10.1037/0033-295x.99.2.322 · 1992 · External reference
Non-dictated spelling tests
10.1111/j.2044-8279.1939.tb03191.x · 1939 · External reference
Morphological spelling strategies: Developmental stages and processes
10.1037/0012-1649.33.4.637 · 1997 · External reference
The psycholinguistics of spelling and reading
1997 · External reference
Synthetic grammar learning: Implicit rule abstraction or explicit fragmentary knowledge?
10.1037/0096-3445.119.3.264 · 1990 · External reference
Learning and development: The implicit knowledge assumption reconsidered
1998 · External reference
Implicit learning shapes new conscious percepts and representations
10.3758/bf03210772 · 1997 · External reference
The evaluation of self-administered tests
10.1037/h0075203 · 1929 · External reference
What is intellectual development about in the 1990s? Good information processing
1995 · External reference
Pre-school children's knowledge of English phonology
10.17763/haer.41.1.91367v0h80051573 · 1971 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Unresolved reference
1993 · External reference
Implicit ruminations
10.3758/bf03210773 · 1997 · External reference
On the relationship between implicit and explicit modes in the learning of a complex rule structure
1980 · External reference
Printed word learning in beginning readers
10.1016/0022-0965(83)90036-x · 1983 · External reference
Implicit memory: A commentary
10.3758/bf03334044 · 1990 · External reference
Implicit memory: Retention without remembering
10.1037/0003-066x.45.9.1043 · 1990 · External reference
Implicit memory: History and current status
1987 · External reference
Introduction to “Implicit memory: Multiple perspectives.”
10.3758/bf03334038 · 1990 · External reference
Intention, awareness, and implicit memory: The retrieval intentionality criterion
1989 · External reference
Implicit learning and the cognitive unconscious: Of artificial grammars and SLA
1994 · External reference
Implicit learning
10.1037/0033-2909.115.2.163 · 1994 · External reference
Cognitive theories of spelling and implications for education
1992 · External reference
Children's thinking: How does change occur?
1995 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1998 · External reference
Strategy choices in children's time-telling
1989 · External reference
Variation, selection, and cognitive change
1995 · External reference
Visual imagery and individual differences in spelling
1980 · External reference
The role of orthographic and phonotactic rules in perceiving letter patterns
1975 · External reference
Distinguishing implicit and explicit learning
10.3758/bf03210774 · 1997 · External reference
Studying the consequences of literacy within a literate society: The cognitive correlates of print exposure
10.3758/bf03208254 · 1992 · External reference
Assessing phonological awareness in kindergarten children: Issues of task comparability
10.1016/0022-0965(84)90120-6 · 1984 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
There's more to children's spelling than the errors they make: Strategic and automatic processes for one-syllable words
10.1037/0022-0663.90.3.492 · 1998 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1990 · External reference
Writing and reading: Signs of oral and written language organization in the young child
1986 · External reference
Developmental differences in phonological spelling strategies
1990 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1992 · External reference
Individual differences among children in spelling and reading styles
10.1016/0022-0965(84)90071-7 · 1984 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1993 · External reference
Sources of information used by beginning spellers
1994 · External reference
Spelling acquisition in English
1997 · External reference
What types of linguistic information do children use in spelling? The case of flaps
10.2307/1131501 · 1994 · External reference
Priming effects in word-fragment completion are independent of recognition memory
1982 · External reference
Children's spelling strategies
1995 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Is children's spelling naturally stage-like?
10.1023/a:1007903330463 · 1997 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1970 · External reference
The salience of item knowledge in learning artificial grammars
1992 · External reference
The development of orthographic processing ability
1994 · External reference
The role of linguistic and visual information in spelling: A developmental study
10.1016/0022-0965(88)90039-2 · 1988 · External reference
Child development and emergent literacy
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1998.tb06247.x · 1998 · External reference