Research graph
References from Scenarios of astrocyte dysfunction linked to thyroid hormone availability. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Neural alterations and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in Oatp1c1 deficiency
10.1089/thy.2019.0320 · 2020 · External reference
Astrocytogenesis: Where, when, and how
10.12688/f1000research.22405.1 · 2020 · External reference
Some examples of the inheritance of mental deficiency: Apparently sex-linked idiocy and microcephaly
1944 · External reference
Thyroid hormone transporters--functions and clinical implications
10.1038/nrendo.2015.66 · 2015 · External reference
Beyond low plasma T3: Local thyroid hormone metabolism during inflammation and infection
10.1210/er.2011-0007 · 2011 · External reference
Neuroinflammation in hypothyroidism? Chrysin treatment as a strategy to reduce neuroinflammation induced by hypothyroidism
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.08.038 · 2025 · External reference
Deleterious functional consequences of perfluoroalkyl substances accumulation into the myelin sheath
10.1016/j.envint.2023.108211 · 2023 · External reference
Importance of monocarboxylate transporter 8 for the blood-brain barrier-dependent availability of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine
10.1210/en.2008-1616 · 2009 · External reference
A fine regulation of the hippocampal thyroid signalling protects hypothyroid mice against glial cell activation
10.3390/ijms231911938 · 2022 · External reference
Regulation of thyroid hormone gatekeepers by thyrotropin in tanycytes
10.1089/thy.2023.0375 · 2024 · External reference
Effects of thyroid deficiency on the different cell populations of the cerebellum in the young rat
10.1016/0006-8993(73)90122-4 · 1973 · External reference
Effects of thyroid state on the formation and early morphological development of Bergmann glia in the developing rat cerebellum
1980 · External reference
Hypothyroidism in the adult rat causes incremental changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neuronal and astrocyte apoptosis, gliosis, and deterioration of postsynaptic density
10.1089/thy.2010.0400 · 2012 · External reference
An analysis of the sources and quantity of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine specifically bound to nuclear receptors in rat cerebral cortex and cerebellum
10.1210/endo-110-2-367 · 1982 · External reference
A novel syndrome combining thyroid and neurological abnormalities is associated with mutations in a monocarboxylate transporter gene
10.1086/380999 · 2004 · External reference
Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions
10.1038/s41593-020-00783-4 · 2021 · External reference
Effect of thyroid deficiency on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and GFAP-mRNA in the cerebellum and hippocampal formation of the developing rat
10.1002/glia.440040305 · 1991 · External reference
Purkinje cells and Bergmann glia are primary targets of the TRalpha1 thyroid hormone receptor during mouse cerebellum postnatal development
10.1242/dev.103226 · 2014 · External reference
Thyroid hormone role on cerebellar development and maintenance: A perspective based on transgenic mouse models
10.3389/fendo.2014.00075 · 2014 · External reference
Tissue-specific inactivation of type 2 deiodinase reveals multilevel control of fatty acid oxidation by thyroid hormone in the mouse
10.2337/db13-1768 · 2014 · External reference
Enviromental endocrine disruptor risks in the central nervous system: Neurotoxic effects of PFOS and glyphosate
10.1016/j.etap.2024.104496 · 2024 · External reference
Dynamic modulation of the blood-brain barrier in the healthy brain
10.1038/s41583-025-00976-5 · 2025 · External reference
Association between mutations in a thyroid hormone transporter and severe X-linked psychomotor retardation
10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17226-7 · 2004 · External reference
Developing forebrain astrocytes are sensitive to thyroid hormone
10.1002/glia.440030408 · 1990 · External reference
The type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is expressed primarily in glial cells in the neonatal rat brain
10.1073/pnas.94.19.10391 · 1997 · External reference
Defective thyroid hormone transport to the brain leads to astroglial alterations
10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106621 · 2024 · External reference
Neurovascular unit disruption and blood-brain barrier leakage in MCT8 deficiency
10.1186/s12987-023-00481-w · 2023 · External reference
Beyond the GFAP-astrocyte protein markers in the brain
10.3390/biom11091361 · 2021 · External reference
Understanding astrocyte differentiation: Clinical relevance, technical challenges, and new opportunities in the omics era
10.1002/wsbm.1557 · 2022 · External reference
Cerebral blood flow and blood-brain influx of some neutral amino acids in control and hypothyroid 16-day-old rats
10.1038/jcbfm.1985.41 · 1985 · External reference
Reactive astrocytes: Production, function, and therapeutic potential
10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.006 · 2017 · External reference
Thyroid hormone action on astroglial cells from distinct brain regions during development
10.1016/s0736-5748(98)00002-1 · 1998 · External reference
Thyroid hormone availability in the human fetal brain: Novel entry pathways and role of radial glia
10.1007/s00429-019-01896-8 · 2019 · External reference
A novel look at astrocytes: Aquaporins, ionic homeostasis, and the role of the microenvironment for regeneration in the CNS
10.1177/1073858412447981 · 2013 · External reference
Astrocyte involvement in blood-brain barrier function: A critical update highlighting novel, complex, neurovascular interactions
10.3390/ijms242417146 · 2023 · External reference
Influence of thyroid hormones on maturation of rat cerebellar astrocytes
10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2007.01.003 · 2007 · External reference
Early effects of iodine deficiency on radial glial cells of the hippocampus of the rat fetus. A model of neurological cretinism
10.1172/jci119459 · 1997 · External reference
Crosstalk between astrocytes and Microglia: An overview
10.3389/fimmu.2020.01416 · 2020 · External reference
Impact of Oatp1c1 deficiency on thyroid hormone metabolism and action in the mouse brain
10.1210/en.2011-1633 · 2012 · External reference
Astrocyte dysfunction and neurovascular impairment in neurological disorders: Correlation or causation?
10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.005 · 2019 · External reference
Aberrant maturation of astrocytes in thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 knockout mice reveals an interplay between thyroid hormone receptor isoforms
10.1210/en.2003-1123 · 2004 · External reference
Hypothyroidism increases cyclooxygenase-2 levels and pro-inflammatory response and decreases cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampus
2018 · External reference
Hypothyroidism affects astrocyte and microglial morphology in type 2 diabetes
2013 · External reference
Impact of thyroid hormone perturbations in adult mice: Brain weight and blood vessel changes, gene expression variation, and neurobehavioral outcomes
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.012 · 2023 · External reference
Heterogeneity of astrocytic form and function
10.1007/978-1-61779-452-0_3 · 2012 · External reference
Blood-brain-barrier disruption in chronic canine hypothyroidism
10.1111/j.1939-165x.2010.00253.x · 2010 · External reference
Disruption of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity in cultured human glial cells by polybrominated diphenyl ethers
10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00072 · 2015 · External reference
Expression of the thyroid hormone transporters monocarboxylate transporter-8 (SLC16A2) and organic ion transporter-14 (SLCO1C1) at the blood-brain barrier
10.1210/en.2008-0378 · 2008 · External reference
Tanycyte pyroglutamyl peptidase II contributes to regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis through glial-axonal associations in the median eminence
10.1210/en.2008-1643 · 2009 · External reference
Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome
1993 · External reference
Elucidating the links between endocrine disruptors and neurodevelopment
10.1210/en.2014-1734 · 2015 · External reference
Mutated thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 associates with severe brain hypometabolism and juvenile neurodegeneration
10.1089/thy.2018.0595 · 2018 · External reference
Diverse subtypes of astrocytes and their development during corticogenesis
10.3389/fnins.2015.00114 · 2015 · External reference
The dual role of astrocytes in CNS homeostasis and dysfunction
10.3390/neuroglia6040038 · 2025 · External reference
Regional expression of the type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat central nervous system and its regulation by thyroid hormone
10.1210/endo.140.2.6486 · 1999 · External reference
Functions of astrocytes under normal conditions and after a brain disease
10.3390/ijms24098434 · 2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Nonthyroidal illness
2000 · External reference
The effect of low dose lipopolysaccharide on thyroid hormone-regulated actin cytoskeleton modulation and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity in astrocytes
10.1507/endocrj.ej13-0294 · 2013 · External reference
The function of astrocytes and their role in neurological diseases
10.1111/ejn.16160 · 2023 · External reference
An RNA-sequencing transcriptome and splicing database of glia, neurons, and vascular cells of the cerebral cortex
10.1523/jneurosci.1860-14.2014 · 2014 · External reference
Purification and characterization of progenitor and mature human astrocytes reveals transcriptional and functional differences with mouse
10.1016/j.neuron.2015.11.013 · 2016 · External reference
Developing forebrain astrocytes are sensitive to thyroid hormone
10.1002/glia.440030408 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of thyroid deficiency on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and GFAP-mRNA in the cerebellum and hippocampal formation of the developing rat
10.1002/glia.440040305 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Understanding astrocyte differentiation: Clinical relevance, technical challenges, and new opportunities in the omics era
10.1002/wsbm.1557 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Heterogeneity of astrocytic form and function
10.1007/978-1-61779-452-0_3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormone availability in the human fetal brain: Novel entry pathways and role of radial glia
10.1007/s00429-019-01896-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of thyroid deficiency on the different cell populations of the cerebellum in the young rat
10.1016/0006-8993(73)90122-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Deleterious functional consequences of perfluoroalkyl substances accumulation into the myelin sheath
10.1016/j.envint.2023.108211 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Enviromental endocrine disruptor risks in the central nervous system: Neurotoxic effects of PFOS and glyphosate
10.1016/j.etap.2024.104496 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Influence of thyroid hormones on maturation of rat cerebellar astrocytes
10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2007.01.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Reactive astrocytes: Production, function, and therapeutic potential
10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Defective thyroid hormone transport to the brain leads to astroglial alterations
10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106621 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Astrocyte dysfunction and neurovascular impairment in neurological disorders: Correlation or causation?
10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Impact of thyroid hormone perturbations in adult mice: Brain weight and blood vessel changes, gene expression variation, and neurobehavioral outcomes
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.012 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Purification and characterization of progenitor and mature human astrocytes reveals transcriptional and functional differences with mouse
10.1016/j.neuron.2015.11.013 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neuroinflammation in hypothyroidism? Chrysin treatment as a strategy to reduce neuroinflammation induced by hypothyroidism
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.08.038 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association between mutations in a thyroid hormone transporter and severe X-linked psychomotor retardation
10.1016/s0140-6736(04)17226-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormone action on astroglial cells from distinct brain regions during development
10.1016/s0736-5748(98)00002-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Disruption of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity in cultured human glial cells by polybrominated diphenyl ethers
10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00072 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Cerebral blood flow and blood-brain influx of some neutral amino acids in control and hypothyroid 16-day-old rats
10.1038/jcbfm.1985.41 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormone transporters--functions and clinical implications
10.1038/nrendo.2015.66 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Dynamic modulation of the blood-brain barrier in the healthy brain
10.1038/s41583-025-00976-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions
10.1038/s41593-020-00783-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is expressed primarily in glial cells in the neonatal rat brain
10.1073/pnas.94.19.10391 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A novel syndrome combining thyroid and neurological abnormalities is associated with mutations in a monocarboxylate transporter gene
10.1086/380999 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hypothyroidism in the adult rat causes incremental changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neuronal and astrocyte apoptosis, gliosis, and deterioration of postsynaptic density
10.1089/thy.2010.0400 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mutated thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 associates with severe brain hypometabolism and juvenile neurodegeneration
10.1089/thy.2018.0595 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neural alterations and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in Oatp1c1 deficiency
10.1089/thy.2019.0320 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Regulation of thyroid hormone gatekeepers by thyrotropin in tanycytes
10.1089/thy.2023.0375 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The function of astrocytes and their role in neurological diseases
10.1111/ejn.16160 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Blood-brain-barrier disruption in chronic canine hypothyroidism
10.1111/j.1939-165x.2010.00253.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Early effects of iodine deficiency on radial glial cells of the hippocampus of the rat fetus. A model of neurological cretinism
10.1172/jci119459 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A novel look at astrocytes: Aquaporins, ionic homeostasis, and the role of the microenvironment for regeneration in the CNS
10.1177/1073858412447981 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neurovascular unit disruption and blood-brain barrier leakage in MCT8 deficiency
10.1186/s12987-023-00481-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Aberrant maturation of astrocytes in thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 knockout mice reveals an interplay between thyroid hormone receptor isoforms
10.1210/en.2003-1123 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Expression of the thyroid hormone transporters monocarboxylate transporter-8 (SLC16A2) and organic ion transporter-14 (SLCO1C1) at the blood-brain barrier
10.1210/en.2008-0378 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Importance of monocarboxylate transporter 8 for the blood-brain barrier-dependent availability of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine
10.1210/en.2008-1616 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Tanycyte pyroglutamyl peptidase II contributes to regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis through glial-axonal associations in the median eminence
10.1210/en.2008-1643 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Impact of Oatp1c1 deficiency on thyroid hormone metabolism and action in the mouse brain
10.1210/en.2011-1633 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Elucidating the links between endocrine disruptors and neurodevelopment
10.1210/en.2014-1734 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An analysis of the sources and quantity of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine specifically bound to nuclear receptors in rat cerebral cortex and cerebellum
10.1210/endo-110-2-367 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Regional expression of the type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase messenger ribonucleic acid in the rat central nervous system and its regulation by thyroid hormone
10.1210/endo.140.2.6486 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Beyond low plasma T3: Local thyroid hormone metabolism during inflammation and infection
10.1210/er.2011-0007 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Purkinje cells and Bergmann glia are primary targets of the TRalpha1 thyroid hormone receptor during mouse cerebellum postnatal development
10.1242/dev.103226 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Astrocytogenesis: Where, when, and how
10.12688/f1000research.22405.1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The effect of low dose lipopolysaccharide on thyroid hormone-regulated actin cytoskeleton modulation and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase activity in astrocytes
10.1507/endocrj.ej13-0294 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An RNA-sequencing transcriptome and splicing database of glia, neurons, and vascular cells of the cerebral cortex
10.1523/jneurosci.1860-14.2014 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Tissue-specific inactivation of type 2 deiodinase reveals multilevel control of fatty acid oxidation by thyroid hormone in the mouse
10.2337/db13-1768 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormone role on cerebellar development and maintenance: A perspective based on transgenic mouse models
10.3389/fendo.2014.00075 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Crosstalk between astrocytes and Microglia: An overview
10.3389/fimmu.2020.01416 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Diverse subtypes of astrocytes and their development during corticogenesis
10.3389/fnins.2015.00114 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Beyond the GFAP-astrocyte protein markers in the brain
10.3390/biom11091361 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A fine regulation of the hippocampal thyroid signalling protects hypothyroid mice against glial cell activation
10.3390/ijms231911938 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Functions of astrocytes under normal conditions and after a brain disease
10.3390/ijms24098434 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Astrocyte involvement in blood-brain barrier function: A critical update highlighting novel, complex, neurovascular interactions
10.3390/ijms242417146 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The dual role of astrocytes in CNS homeostasis and dysfunction
10.3390/neuroglia6040038 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
