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References from Thyroid hormone signaling shaping fear memory: Implications for PTSD and other stress-related disorders. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Effect of estrogen on the synthesis and secretion of thyroxine-binding globulin by a human hepatoma cell line, HEP G2
10.1210/mend-2-4-313 · 1988 · External reference
Allopregnanolone and intrusive memories: A potential therapeutic target for PTSD treatment?
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111168 · 2025 · External reference
Increased anxiety and fear memory in adult mice lacking type 2 deiodinase
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.06.013 · 2017 · External reference
Role of thyroid hormone therapy in depressive disorders
10.1007/s40618-021-01600-w · 2021 · External reference
Increased requirement of replacement doses of levothyroxine caused by liver cirrhosis
10.3389/fendo.2018.00150 · 2018 · External reference
Progesterone upregulates gene expression in normal human thyroid follicular cells
10.1155/2015/864852 · 2015 · External reference
Serum levels of neurosteroid allopregnanolone in patients with premenstrual syndrome and patients after thyroidectomy
1998 · External reference
Synaptic plasticity in the lateral amygdala: A cellular hypothesis of fear conditioning
10.1101/lm.30901 · 2001 · External reference
Regulation of thyroid hormones on the production of testosterone in rats
10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(19990615)73:4<554::aid-jcb13>3.0.co;2-l · 1999 · External reference
Thyroid hormone deiodinases in the central and peripheral nervous system
10.1089/thy.2005.15.931 · 2005 · External reference
Hormonal treatments for major depressive disorder: State of the art
2020 · External reference
A cortical–hippocampal system for declarative memory
10.1038/35036213 · 2000 · External reference
Brain circuit dysfunction in post-traumatic stress disorder: From mouse to man
10.1038/s41583-018-0039-7 · 2018 · External reference
Impaired contextual modulation of memories in PTSD: An fMRI and psychophysiological study of extinction retention and fear renewal
10.1523/jneurosci.4287-13.2014 · 2014 · External reference
The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in the conditioning and extinction of fear
10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00298 · 2015 · External reference
Neuroimaging of fear-associated learning
10.1038/npp.2015.255 · 2016 · External reference
Lack of thyroid hormone receptor α1 is associated with selective alterations in behavior and hippocampal circuits
10.1038/sj.mp.4001196 · 2003 · External reference
Involvement of the GABAergic system in PTSD and its therapeutic significance
2023 · External reference
Molecular mechanisms of fear learning and memory
10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.009 · 2011 · External reference
Posttraumatic stress disorder and incidence of thyroid dysfunction in women
10.1017/s0033291718003495 · 2019 · External reference
Impact of foetal-onset hypothyroidism on the epididymis of mature rats
10.1046/j.1365-2605.2002.00338.x · 2002 · External reference
Fear and safety learning in anxiety - and stress-related disorders: An updated meta-analysis
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105983 · 2025 · External reference
Brain GABA + changes in primary hypothyroidism patients before and after levothyroxine treatment: A longitudinal magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102473 · 2020 · External reference
Investigation of brain GABA + in primary hypothyroidism using edited proton MR spectroscopy
10.1111/cen.13177 · 2017 · External reference
Dynamic patterns of threat-associated gene expression in the amygdala and blood
10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00778 · 2018 · External reference
Evidence for thyroid hormone regulation of amygdala-dependent fear-relevant memory and plasticity
10.1038/s41380-024-02679-2 · 2025 · External reference
Systematic review and meta-analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for multiple autoimmune diseases
10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1523994 · 2025 · External reference
Neuronal signalling of fear memory
10.1038/nrn1535 · 2004 · External reference
Elevation of serum free triiodothyronine, total triiodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin, and total thyroxine levels in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950080041006 · 1994 · External reference
Fear extinction in traumatized civilians with posttraumatic stress disorder: Relation to symptom severity
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.013 · 2011 · External reference
Thyroid hormones modulate GABAA receptor-mediated currents in hippocampal neurons
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.12.013 · 2011 · External reference
Pretranslational control by thyroid hormone of rat liver steroid 5 alpha-reductase and comparison to the thyroid dependence of two growth hormone-regulated CYP2C mRNAs
10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30647-6 · 1990 · External reference
T3 augmentation in major depressive disorder: Safety considerations
2011 · External reference
Role of estrogen in thyroid function and growth regulation
10.4061/2011/875125 · 2011 · External reference
Memory consolidation of auditory pavlovian fear conditioning requires protein synthesis and protein kinase a in the amygdala
10.1523/jneurosci.20-21-08177.2000 · 2000 · External reference
Forecasting individual risk for long-term posttraumatic stress disorder in emergency medical settings using biomedical data: A machine learning multicenter cohort study
10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100297 · 2021 · External reference
Dorsal hippocampal administration of triiodothyronine enhances long-term memory for trace cued and delay contextual fear conditioning in rats
10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01480.x · 2006 · External reference
Sex steroids and the thyroid
10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.005 · 2009 · External reference
Association of thyroid function with posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.4158/ep-2020-0104 · 2020 · External reference
Association of thyroid function with suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-Analysis
10.3390/medicina57070714 · 2021 · External reference
Liothyronine for depression: A review and guidance for safety monitoring
2017 · External reference
Fear conditioning: Insights into learning, memory and extinction and its relevance to clinical disorders
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111310 · 2025 · External reference
Elevations of serum T3 levels and their association with symptoms in world war II veterans with combat-Related posttraumatic stress disorder: Replication of findings in Vietnam combat veterans
10.1097/00006842-199903000-00001 · 1999 · External reference
Relationships between thyroid hormones and symptoms in combat-Related posttraumatic stress disorder
10.1097/00006842-199507000-00012 · 1995 · External reference
Interactions of L-3,5,3’-Triiodothyronine, allopregnanolone, and ivermectin with the GABAA receptor: Evidence for overlapping intersubunit binding modes
2015 · External reference
Thyroid hormone and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interactions in neuroendocrine systems
10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.01.033 · 2006 · External reference
Hippocampal administration of levothyroxine impairs contextual fear memory consolidation in rats
10.3389/fncel.2017.00223 · 2017 · External reference
Genome-wide binding patterns of thyroid hormone receptor beta
2014 · External reference
Genome-wide analysis of thyroid hormone receptors shared and specific functions in neural cells
2013 · External reference
Elevation of serum free triiodothyronine, total triiodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin, and total thyroxine levels in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950080041006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Regulation of thyroid hormones on the production of testosterone in rats
10.1002/(sici)1097-4644(19990615)73:4<554::aid-jcb13>3.0.co;2-l · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Role of thyroid hormone therapy in depressive disorders
10.1007/s40618-021-01600-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sex steroids and the thyroid
10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Fear extinction in traumatized civilians with posttraumatic stress disorder: Relation to symptom severity
10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.09.013 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormone and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interactions in neuroendocrine systems
10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.01.033 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Molecular mechanisms of fear learning and memory
10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.009 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Fear and safety learning in anxiety - and stress-related disorders: An updated meta-analysis
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105983 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormones modulate GABAA receptor-mediated currents in hippocampal neurons
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.12.013 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Brain GABA + changes in primary hypothyroidism patients before and after levothyroxine treatment: A longitudinal magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102473 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Allopregnanolone and intrusive memories: A potential therapeutic target for PTSD treatment?
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111168 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Fear conditioning: Insights into learning, memory and extinction and its relevance to clinical disorders
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111310 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Increased anxiety and fear memory in adult mice lacking type 2 deiodinase
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.06.013 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Forecasting individual risk for long-term posttraumatic stress disorder in emergency medical settings using biomedical data: A machine learning multicenter cohort study
10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100297 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pretranslational control by thyroid hormone of rat liver steroid 5 alpha-reductase and comparison to the thyroid dependence of two growth hormone-regulated CYP2C mRNAs
10.1016/s0021-9258(17)30647-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Posttraumatic stress disorder and incidence of thyroid dysfunction in women
10.1017/s0033291718003495 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A cortical–hippocampal system for declarative memory
10.1038/35036213 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neuroimaging of fear-associated learning
10.1038/npp.2015.255 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neuronal signalling of fear memory
10.1038/nrn1535 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Evidence for thyroid hormone regulation of amygdala-dependent fear-relevant memory and plasticity
10.1038/s41380-024-02679-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Brain circuit dysfunction in post-traumatic stress disorder: From mouse to man
10.1038/s41583-018-0039-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lack of thyroid hormone receptor α1 is associated with selective alterations in behavior and hippocampal circuits
10.1038/sj.mp.4001196 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Impact of foetal-onset hypothyroidism on the epididymis of mature rats
10.1046/j.1365-2605.2002.00338.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thyroid hormone deiodinases in the central and peripheral nervous system
10.1089/thy.2005.15.931 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Relationships between thyroid hormones and symptoms in combat-Related posttraumatic stress disorder
10.1097/00006842-199507000-00012 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Elevations of serum T3 levels and their association with symptoms in world war II veterans with combat-Related posttraumatic stress disorder: Replication of findings in Vietnam combat veterans
10.1097/00006842-199903000-00001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Synaptic plasticity in the lateral amygdala: A cellular hypothesis of fear conditioning
10.1101/lm.30901 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Investigation of brain GABA + in primary hypothyroidism using edited proton MR spectroscopy
10.1111/cen.13177 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Dorsal hippocampal administration of triiodothyronine enhances long-term memory for trace cued and delay contextual fear conditioning in rats
10.1111/j.1365-2826.2006.01480.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Progesterone upregulates gene expression in normal human thyroid follicular cells
10.1155/2015/864852 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of estrogen on the synthesis and secretion of thyroxine-binding globulin by a human hepatoma cell line, HEP G2
10.1210/mend-2-4-313 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Memory consolidation of auditory pavlovian fear conditioning requires protein synthesis and protein kinase a in the amygdala
10.1523/jneurosci.20-21-08177.2000 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Impaired contextual modulation of memories in PTSD: An fMRI and psychophysiological study of extinction retention and fear renewal
10.1523/jneurosci.4287-13.2014 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Increased requirement of replacement doses of levothyroxine caused by liver cirrhosis
10.3389/fendo.2018.00150 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in the conditioning and extinction of fear
10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00298 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hippocampal administration of levothyroxine impairs contextual fear memory consolidation in rats
10.3389/fncel.2017.00223 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Dynamic patterns of threat-associated gene expression in the amygdala and blood
10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00778 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Systematic review and meta-analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for multiple autoimmune diseases
10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1523994 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association of thyroid function with suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-Analysis
10.3390/medicina57070714 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Role of estrogen in thyroid function and growth regulation
10.4061/2011/875125 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association of thyroid function with posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.4158/ep-2020-0104 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
