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References from Avian vocal learning and the evolution of language-relevant communication. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Songbirds possess the spontaneous ability to discriminate syntactic rules
10.1038/nn.2869 · 2011 · External reference
Song learning in the Anna hummingbird (Calypte anna)
10.1111/j.1439-0310.1990.tb00781.x · 1990 · External reference
High-frequency vocalizations and hearing in hummingbirds: what we know and opportunities for the future
10.1242/jeb.250842 · 2026 · External reference
Birdsong neurolinguistics: songbird context-free grammar claim is premature
10.1097/wnr.0b013e32834f1765 · 2012 · External reference
Songs to syntax: the linguistics of birdsong
10.1016/j.tics.2011.01.002 · 2011 · External reference
Twitter evolution: converging mechanisms in birdsong and human speech
10.1038/nrn2931 · 2010 · External reference
The functions of vocal learning in parrots
10.1007/s00265-016-2068-4 · 2016 · External reference
What songbirds teach us about learning
10.1038/417351a · 2002 · External reference
The social life of corvids
10.1016/j.cub.2007.05.070 · 2007 · External reference
Angry birds need not apply: A perspective on the flexible form and multifunctionality of avian vocal duets
10.1111/eth.12182 · 2014 · External reference
Microgeographic variation in the songs of an endemic Hawaiian Honeycreeper
10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100331 · 2026 · External reference
Birdsong and human speech : Common themes and mechanisms
10.1146/annurev.neuro.22.1.567 · 1999 · External reference
High-frequency hearing in a hummingbird
10.1126/sciadv.abb9393 · 2020 · External reference
Universal mechanisms of sound production and control in birds and mammals
10.1038/ncomms9978 · 2015 · External reference
Vocal plasticity in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus): Evidence for social factors in the learning of contact calls
10.1037/0735-7036.108.1.81 · 1994 · External reference
De novo establishment of wild-type song culture in the zebra finch
10.1038/nature07994 · 2009 · External reference
Neural mechanisms for the coordination of duet singing in wrens
10.1126/science.1209867 · 2011 · External reference
Chinese Blackbirds (Turdus mandarinus) mimic electric moped sounds with lower consistency and frequencies
10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100231 · 2025 · External reference
Neural song control system of hummingbirds: Comparison to swifts, vocal learning (songbirds) and nonlearning (suboscines) passerines, and vocal learning (budgerigars) and nonlearning (dove, owl, gull, quail, chicken) nonpasserines
10.1002/1096-9861(20001016)426:2<182::aid-cne2>3.0.co;2-m · 2000 · External reference
Recursive syntactic pattern learning by songbirds
10.1038/nature04675 · 2006 · External reference
Incomplete and Inaccurate vocal imitation after knockdown of FoxP2 in songbird basal ganglia nucleus area X
10.1371/journal.pbio.0050321 · 2007 · External reference
FoxP2 expression in avian vocal learners and non-learners
10.1523/jneurosci.4369-03.2004 · 2004 · External reference
The function of duetting in magpie-larks: conflict, cooperation, or commitment?
10.1006/anbe.2000.1517 · 2000 · External reference
Tool use and tooling in ravens (Corvus corax): A review and novel observations
10.1111/eth.13352 · 2023 · External reference
Learned birdsong and the neurobiology of human language
10.1196/annals.1298.038 · 2004 · External reference
Evolution of vocal learning and spoken language
10.1126/science.aax0287 · 2019 · External reference
Behaviourally driven gene expression reveals song nuclei in hummingbird brain
10.1038/35020570 · 2000 · External reference
Comparative analysis of female bubbling calls: Within- and between-species variation among the four species of Cuculus cuckoos
10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100240 · 2025 · External reference
Open-ended vocal learning in Costa's hummingbird
10.1016/j.anbehav.2024.10.012 · 2024 · External reference
Like father, like son? Similarity of syllable repertoires and structures in the songs of first-year male Tree Pipits and their potential tutors
10.1016/j.avrs.2026.100370 · 2026 · External reference
A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and language disorder
10.1038/35097076 · 2001 · External reference
Long-term effect of isolation rearing conditions on songs of an ‘open-ended’ song learner species, the canary
10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.03.025 · 2006 · External reference
Crows “count” the number of self-generated vocalizations
10.1126/science.adl0984 · 2024 · External reference
Bridging the fields of cognition and birdsong with corvids
10.1016/j.conb.2024.102965 · 2025 · External reference
Evidence for maintenance of key components of vocal learning in ageing budgerigars despite diminished affiliative social interaction
2023 · External reference
Avian acoustic communication: Understanding of peripheral and central neural systems with ecological adaptations
10.1016/j.avrs.2025.100248 · 2025 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2009 · External reference
Convergent transcriptional specializations in the brains of humans and song-learning birds
10.1126/science.1256846 · 2014 · External reference
Early auditory experience generates long-lasting memories that may subserve vocal learning in songbirds
10.1073/pnas.0510136103 · 2006 · External reference
The vocal control pathways in budgerigars differ from those in songbirds
10.1002/cne.903430104 · 1994 · External reference
Communication about predator type by a bird using discrete, graded and combinatorial variation in alarm calls
10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.10.009 · 2014 · External reference
Alarm calls evoke a visual search image of a predator in birds
10.1073/pnas.1718884115 · 2018 · External reference
Animal linguistics
10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-102622-030253 · 2024 · External reference
Allometry of alarm calls: black-capped chickadees encode information about predator size
10.1126/science.1108841 · 2005 · External reference
Simple rules can explain discrimination of putative recursive syntactic structures by a songbird species
10.1073/pnas.0908113106 · 2009 · External reference
Convergent differential regulation of SLIT‐ROBO axon guidance genes in the brains of vocal learners
10.1002/cne.23719 · 2015 · External reference
Vocal communication in corvids: a systematic review
10.1016/j.anbehav.2024.123073 · 2025 · External reference
Syntax in animal communication: its study in songbirds and other taxa
10.1111/jav.03258 · 2024 · External reference
Convergent vocal representations in parrot and human forebrain motor networks
10.1038/s41586-025-08695-8 · 2025 · External reference
Anterior forebrain pathway in parrots is necessary for producing learned vocalizations with individual signatures
10.1016/j.cub.2023.11.014 · 2023 · External reference
