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References from Implementing exercise therapy for hip and knee osteoarthritis in the clinic: a best practice narrative review. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: 2023 update
10.1136/ard-2023-225041 · 2024 · External reference
Core recommendations for osteoarthritis care: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines
10.1002/acr.25101 · 2023 · External reference
People with knee osteoarthritis attending physical therapy have broad education needs and prioritize information about surgery and exercise: a concept mapping study
10.2519/jospt.2022.11089 · 2022 · External reference
A systematic review and evidence synthesis of qualitative studies to identify primary care clinicians' barriers and enablers to the management of osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.joca.2016.12.002 · 2017 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2018 · External reference
Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)—Development of a self-administered outcome measure
10.2519/jospt.1998.28.2.88 · 1998 · External reference
A 12-item short form of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS-12): tests of reliability, validity and responsiveness
10.1016/j.joca.2019.01.011 · 2019 · External reference
Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS) – validity and responsiveness in total hip replacement
10.1186/1471-2474-4-10 · 2003 · External reference
A 12-item short form of the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS-12): tests of reliability, validity and responsiveness
10.1016/j.joca.2018.09.017 · 2019 · External reference
Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient-relevant outcomes following total hip or knee arthroplasty in osteoarthritis
1988 · External reference
Patient specific functional scale
10.1016/s0004-9514(07)70066-1 · 2007 · External reference
Patient acceptable symptom state in knee osteoarthritis patients succeeds across different patient-reported outcome measures assessing physical function, but fails across other dimensions and rheumatic diseases
10.3899/jrheum.170181 · 2018 · External reference
EQ-SD: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group
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A 12-item short-form health survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity
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The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure
10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x · 2001 · External reference
Psychometric properties of the TSK-11: a shortened version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
10.1016/j.pain.2005.05.029 · 2005 · External reference
The hospital anxiety and depression scale
10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · 1983 · External reference
The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
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The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anemia (FACT-An) Scale: a new tool for the assessment of outcomes in cancer anemia and fatigue
1997 · External reference
The development and initial psychometric evaluation of a measure assessing adherence to prescribed exercise: the Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS)
10.1016/j.physio.2016.11.001 · 2017 · External reference
A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults
10.1080/02701367.1999.10608028 · 1999 · External reference
Assessing stability and change of four performance measures: a longitudinal study evaluating outcome following total hip and knee arthroplasty
10.1186/1471-2474-6-3 · 2005 · External reference
The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons
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Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease
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10.2519/jospt.2025.0301
10.2519/jospt.2025.0301 · 2025 · External reference
Exercise & Sports Science Australia (ESSA) updated position statement on exercise and physical activity for people with hip/knee osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.jsams.2022.11.003 · 2023 · External reference
The OMERACT-OARSI core domain set for measurement in clinical trials of hip and/or knee osteoarthritis
10.3899/jrheum.181194 · 2019 · External reference
Peoples' beliefs about their chronic hip pain and its care: a systematic review of qualitative studies. “I'm just getting old and breaking down”
10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002792 · 2023 · External reference
Features and management of osteoarthritis from the perspective of individuals with osteoarthritis: a systematic review of qualitative studies
10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100590 · 2025 · External reference
OARSI recommended performance-based tests to assess physical function in people diagnosed with hip or knee osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.joca.2013.05.002 · 2013 · External reference
Patient-reported knee osteoarthritis problems and rehabilitation goals: a qualitative study
10.1016/j.bjpt.2026.101624 · 2026 · External reference
ACTIVATE: physical activity assessment, prescription and promotion in clinical practice by healthcare professionals – a consensus study initiated by the International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy
10.1136/bjsports-2025-110242 · 2026 · External reference
The responsiveness of digital biomarkers as measurement tools in people with hip and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/j.joca.2026.02.002 · 2026 · External reference
Effect of exercise and/or educational interventions on physical activity and pain in patients with hip/knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
10.1371/journal.pone.0275591 · 2022 · External reference
Making sense of osteoarthritis: a narrative review
10.1016/j.joca.2024.09.012 · 2025 · External reference
Changing the narrative on osteoarthritis: a call for global action
10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.004 · 2024 · External reference
10.2519/jospt.2022.11618
10.2519/jospt.2022.11618 · 2023 · External reference
Effects of an eLearning course for patients on osteoarthritis knowledge and pain self-efficacy in people with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial
10.1016/j.pec.2025.108792 · 2025 · External reference
Comparative effect of two educational videos on self-efficacy and kinesiophobia in people with knee osteoarthritis: an online randomised controlled trial
10.1016/j.joca.2022.05.010 · 2022 · External reference
Effects of hip pain diagnostic labels and their explanations on beliefs about hip pain and its management: an online randomised controlled trial
10.2519/jospt.2023.11984 · 2023 · External reference
Effects of X-ray-based diagnosis and explanation of knee osteoarthritis on patient beliefs about osteoarthritis management: a randomised clinical trial
10.1371/journal.pmed.1004537 · 2025 · External reference
A randomized clinical trial testing digital mindset intervention for knee osteoarthritis pain and activity improvement
10.1038/s41746-024-01281-8 · 2024 · External reference
How does osteoarthritis education influence knowledge, beliefs, and behavior in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis? A systematic review
10.1002/acr.25391 · 2024 · External reference
Teach-back: a systematic review of implementation and impacts
10.1371/journal.pone.0231350 · 2020 · External reference
Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee
2024 · External reference
Moderators of the effect of therapeutic exercise for knee and hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00122-4 · 2023 · External reference
How does hip osteoarthritis differ from knee osteoarthritis?
10.1016/j.joca.2021.09.010 · 2022 · External reference
Effectiveness of exercise therapy for osteoarthritis: an overview of systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials
10.1136/rmdopen-2025-006275 · 2026 · External reference
Exercise for osteoarthritis of the hip
2026 · External reference
Exercise and education versus saline injections for knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled equivalence trial
10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221129 · 2022 · External reference
Recent highlights and uncertainties in exercise management of knee osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.jphys.2025.06.010 · 2025 · External reference
The smallest worthwhile effects of strengthening exercise on pain intensity for people with knee osteoarthritis: a benefit-harm trade-off study
10.1016/j.joca.2025.12.004 · 2026 · External reference
Defining and interpreting between-group differences in clinical trials of patients with osteoarthritis: challenges and potential solutions
10.1016/j.joca.2026.01.013 · 2026 · External reference
Defining and interpreting the clinical relevance of intervention effects for patient-reported outcomes: the smallest worthwhile effect construct
10.1136/bmjebm-2026-114620 · 2026 · External reference
Similar effects of exercise therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and opioids for knee osteoarthritis pain: a systematic review with network meta-analysis
10.2519/jospt.2022.10490 · 2022 · External reference
World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour
10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955 · 2020 · External reference
Low-dose strength training in addition to neuromuscular exercise and education in patients with knee osteoarthritis in secondary care – a randomized controlled trial
10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.839 · 2020 · External reference
Comparative effectiveness of tai chi versus physical therapy for knee osteoarthritis
10.7326/m15-2143 · 2016 · External reference
Neuromuscular versus quadriceps strengthening exercise in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis and varus malalignment: a randomized controlled trial
10.1002/art.38317 · 2014 · External reference
Addition of aerobic physical activity to resistance exercise for hip osteoarthritis (PHOENIX): a randomised comparative effectiveness trial
10.1016/s2665-9913(24)00373-4 · 2025 · External reference
Progressive resistance training or neuromuscular exercise for hip osteoarthritis: a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial
10.7326/m23-3225 · 2024 · External reference
Yoga or strengthening exercise for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.3698 · 2025 · External reference
Comparative efficacy and safety of exercise modalities in knee osteoarthritis: systematic review and network meta-analysis
10.1136/bmj-2025-085242 · 2025 · External reference
Effects of intensive diet and exercise on knee joint loads, inflammation, and clinical outcomes among overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis: the IDEA randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jama.2013.277669 · 2013 · External reference
Deaths potentially averted by small changes in physical activity and sedentary time: an individual participant data meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
10.1016/s0140-6736(25)02219-6 · 2026 · External reference
Efficacy of rehabilitation programs for improving muscle strength in people with hip or knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis
10.1016/j.joca.2014.07.005 · 2014 · External reference
Does adding hip exercises to quadriceps exercises result in superior outcomes in pain, function and quality of life for people with knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1136/bjsports-2018-099683 · 2020 · External reference
What type of exercise is most effective for people with knee osteoarthritis and co-morbid obesity? The TARGET randomized controlled trial
10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.838 · 2020 · External reference
Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community
2019 · External reference
Prevalence of sarcopenia in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.3390/jcm12041532 · 2023 · External reference
Exercise for sarcopenia in older people: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
10.1002/jcsm.13225 · 2023 · External reference
Comparative efficacy of mind–body exercise for pain, function, quality of life in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
10.1186/s13018-025-05682-7 · 2025 · External reference
An exercise therapists' guide to neuromuscular exercise for people with knee or hip osteoarthritis
10.2519/jospt.2025.13041 · 2025 · External reference
The efficacy of 12 weeks non-surgical treatment for patients not eligible for total knee replacement: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up
10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.021 · 2015 · External reference
One year effectiveness of neuromuscular exercise compared with instruction in analgesic use on knee function in patients with early knee osteoarthritis: the EXERPHARMA randomized trial
10.1016/j.joca.2017.10.015 · 2018 · External reference
Good Life with osteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D™): evidence-based education and supervised neuromuscular exercise delivered by certified physiotherapists nationwide
10.1186/s12891-017-1439-y · 2017 · External reference
Immediate outcomes following the GLA:D® program in Denmark, Canada and Australia. A longitudinal analysis including 28,370 patients with symptomatic knee or hip osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.joca.2020.12.024 · 2021 · External reference
Regression to the mean for physical function and quality of life in clinical trials for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.joca.2024.11.006 · 2025 · External reference
Pain in clinical trials for knee osteoarthritis: estimation of regression to the mean
10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00090-5 · 2023 · External reference
Knee osteoarthritis pain and stretching exercises: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.001 · 2022 · External reference
Efficacy and safety of aquatic exercise in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1177/02692155221134240 · 2023 · External reference
Are the effects of resistance exercise on pain and function in knee and hip osteoarthritis dependent on exercise volume, duration, and adherence? A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1002/acr.25313 · 2024 · External reference
Effect of high-intensity strength training on knee pain and knee joint compressive forces among adults with knee osteoarthritis: the START randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jama.2021.0411 · 2021 · External reference
High- versus low-dose exercise therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled multicenter trial
10.7326/m22-2348 · 2023 · External reference
10.1016/j.joca.2022.04.001
10.1016/j.joca.2022.04.001 · 2022 · External reference
Research priorities for physical activity and exercise management of people with knee and hip osteoarthritis: a multi-stage international priority-setting study from the OARSI Rehabilitation Discussion Group
10.1016/j.joca.2025.07.006 · 2025 · External reference
American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Resistance training prescription for muscle function, hypertrophy, and physical performance in healthy adults: an overview of reviews
10.1249/mss.0000000000003897 · 2026 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
Physical activity and exercise intensity terminology: a joint American college of sports medicine (ACSM) expert statement and exercise and sport science Australia (ESSA) consensus statement
2025 · External reference
Effectiveness of painful versus nonpainful exercise on pain intensity, disability, and other patient-reported outcomes in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: an updated systematic review with meta-analysis
10.2519/jospt.2025.13253 · 2025 · External reference
Pain trajectory and exercise-induced pain flares during 8 weeks of neuromuscular exercise in individuals with knee and hip pain
10.1016/j.joca.2015.11.002 · 2016 · External reference
People with short symptom duration of knee osteoarthritis benefit more from exercise therapy than people with longer symptom duration: an individual participant data meta-analysis from the OA Trial Bank
10.1016/j.joca.2024.07.007 · 2024 · External reference
Reducing the burden of osteoarthritis in Australia: a 2024–2025 research priority-setting study
10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100706 · 2026 · External reference
What are the unsupervised exercise adherence rates in clinical trials for knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review
10.1016/j.bjpt.2023.100533 · 2023 · External reference
Trajectories of adherence to home-based exercise programs among people with knee osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.joca.2018.01.009 · 2018 · External reference
Barriers and facilitators to exercise participation in people with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis: synthesis of the literature using behavior change theory
10.1097/phm.0000000000000448 · 2016 · External reference
Barriers and enablers to the implementation of osteoarthritis management programmes in primary or community care settings: a systematic review and qualitative framework synthesis
10.1016/j.semarthrit.2026.153007 · 2026 · External reference
Effectiveness of physical activity monitors in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1136/bmj-2021-068047 · 2022 · External reference
Promoting work ability with a wearable activity tracker in working age individuals with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial
10.1186/s12891-022-05041-1 · 2022 · External reference
Effects of self-monitoring physical activity with wearable activity trackers on perceived joint function and health-related quality of life in people with hip and knee osteoarthritis: a secondary analysis of a cluster-randomised clinical trial
10.1186/s12891-024-08238-8 · 2025 · External reference
Improving the effectiveness of exercise therapy for adults with knee osteoarthritis: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (BEEP trial)
2023 · External reference
Mobile app to support home exercise adherence in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial
10.1016/j.joca.2025.12.012 · 2026 · External reference
Behavior change text messages for home exercise adherence in knee osteoarthritis: randomized trial
10.2196/21749 · 2020 · External reference
Booster sessions for maintaining the effect of neuromuscular exercise and progressive resistance training in hip osteoarthritis: 12-month follow-up from a multicenter cluster-randomized controlled trial
10.1016/j.joca.2025.07.012 · 2025 · External reference
Predictors and measures of adherence to core treatments for osteoarthritis
10.1016/j.cger.2021.11.007 · 2022 · External reference
Behaviour change techniques associated with adherence to prescribed exercise in patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain: systematic review
10.1111/bjhp.12324 · 2019 · External reference
Effectiveness of behaviour change techniques in physiotherapy interventions to promote physical activity adherence in lower limb osteoarthritis patients: a systematic review
10.1371/journal.pone.0219482 · 2019 · External reference
The behavior change technique taxonomy (v1) of 93 hierarchically clustered techniques: building an international consensus for the reporting of behavior change interventions
10.1007/s12160-013-9486-6 · 2013 · External reference
Digital versus in-person physical therapy for osteoarthritis pain and function
10.1038/s41746-026-02998-4 · 2026 · External reference
Barriers and enablers to uptake of a contemporary guideline-based management program for hip and knee osteoarthritis: a qualitative study
10.1016/j.ocarto.2020.100095 · 2020 · External reference
Effects of a self-directed web-based strengthening exercise and physical activity program supported by automated text messages for people with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.0991 · 2021 · External reference
A self-directed digital exercise program for hip osteoarthritis (“My Hip Exercise”): protocol for a randomised controlled trial
10.1186/s12891-023-07009-1 · 2023 · External reference
Effectiveness of an unsupervised online yoga program on pain and function in people with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized clinical trial
10.7326/m22-1761 · 2022 · External reference
Online unsupervised tai chi intervention for knee pain and function in people with knee osteoarthritis: the RETREAT randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamainternmed.2025.5723 · 2026 · External reference
A consumer co-designed community physical activity program for Australians living with osteoarthritis (CASCADE-OA): a randomised controlled trial protocol
10.1016/j.ocarto.2026.100751 · 2026 · External reference
A randomized trial of physical therapy for meniscal tear and knee pain
10.1056/nejmoa2503385 · 2025 · External reference
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a cycling and education intervention versus usual physiotherapy care for the treatment of hip osteoarthritis in the UK (CLEAT): a pragmatic, randomised, controlled trial
10.1016/s2665-9913(25)00102-x · 2025 · External reference
Group versus individual physical therapy for veterans with knee osteoarthritis: randomized clinical trial
10.2522/ptj.20150194 · 2016 · External reference
Patients use fewer analgesics following supervised exercise therapy and patient education: an observational study of 16 499 patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis
10.1136/bjsports-2019-101265 · 2021 · External reference
Telerehabilitation consultations with a physiotherapist for chronic knee pain versus in-person consultations in Australia: the PEAK non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02630-2 · 2024 · External reference
Does telephone-delivered exercise advice and support by physiotherapists improve pain and/or function in people with knee osteoarthritis? Telecare randomised controlled trial
10.1136/bjsports-2019-101183 · 2020 · External reference
Face-to-face and telerehabilitation delivery of circuit training have similar benefits and acceptability in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomised trial
10.1016/j.jphys.2023.08.014 · 2023 · External reference
Stepped exercise program for patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial
10.7326/m20-4447 · 2021 · External reference
Effectiveness of internet-based exercises aimed at treating knee osteoarthritis: the iBEAT-OA randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0012 · 2021 · External reference
Comparison of face-to-face vs digital delivery of an osteoarthritis treatment program for hip or knee osteoarthritis
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.40126 · 2022 · External reference
Physical therapy vs internet-based exercise training for patients with knee osteoarthritis: results of a randomized controlled trial
10.1016/j.joca.2017.12.008 · 2018 · External reference
Adverse events of exercise therapy in randomised controlled trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1136/bjsports-2018-100461 · 2020 · External reference
Is long-term physical activity safe for older adults with knee pain? A systematic review
10.1016/j.joca.2015.05.002 · 2015 · External reference
Effects of running on the development of knee osteoarthritis: an updated systematic review at short-term follow-up
10.1177/23259671231152900 · 2023 · External reference
Running does not increase symptoms or structural progression in people with knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
10.1007/s10067-018-4121-3 · 2018 · External reference
Is running good or bad for your knees? A systematic review and meta-analysis of cartilage morphology and composition changes in the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints
10.1016/j.joca.2022.09.013 · 2023 · External reference
Impact of exercise on articular cartilage in people at risk of, or with established, knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
10.1136/bjsports-2017-098661 · 2019 · External reference
Impact of exercise therapy on molecular biomarkers related to cartilage and inflammation in individuals at risk of, or with established, knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1002/acr.23786 · 2019 · External reference