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References from Integrated microalgal bioprocesses for heavy metal removal: Linking bioremediation efficiency with circular bioeconomy and bioproduct valorization. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
A comprehensive review on potential heavy metals in the environment: persistence, bioaccumulation, ecotoxicology, and agricultural impacts
10.1016/j.ecofro.2025.10.009 · 2026 · External reference
From water to plate: reviewing the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish and unraveling human health risks in the food chain
2024 · External reference
Heavy metal pollution in the environment and their toxicological effects on humans
10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04691 · 2020 · External reference
A comprehensive review on conventional and biological-driven heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater
10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100168 · 2022 · External reference
Recent advances in conventional and contemporary methods for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils
10.1007/s13205-018-1237-8 · 2018 · External reference
Bioremediation of heavy metals using microalgae: recent advances and mechanisms
10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122886 · 2020 · External reference
Microalgae in removing heavy metals from wastewater – an advanced green technology for urban wastewater treatment
2024 · External reference
Microalgae as biofactories for sustainable applications: advancing carbon sequestration, bioenergy, and environmental remediation
2025 · External reference
Microalgae as sustainable food and feed sources for animals and humans–biotechnological and environmental aspects
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129800 · 2021 · External reference
Unveiling the potential of microalgae for efficient metal recovery from e-waste leachates
10.3390/min16030243 · 2026 · External reference
Performance of Chlorella sorokiniana in bioremediation of organic pollutants from produced water under heavy metal stress
10.1016/j.jwpe.2026.109736 · 2026 · External reference
Revolutionizing soil heavy metal remediation: cutting-edge innovations in plant disposal technology
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170577 · 2024 · External reference
Experimental study and parameters optimization of microalgae based heavy metals removal process using a hybrid response surface methodology-crow search algorithm
10.1038/s41598-020-72236-8 · 2020 · External reference
Scenedesmus sp. as a phycoremediation agent for heavy metal removal from landfill leachate in a comparative study: batch, continuous, and membrane bioreactor (MBR)
10.1007/s11356-024-34461-w · 2024 · External reference
Heavy metal removal (copper and zinc) in secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants by microalgae
10.1021/sc400289z · 2014 · External reference
A comprehensive review on microalgae-driven heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater using living and nonliving microalgae
2024 · External reference
Microalgae-mediated biosorption for effective heavy metals removal from wastewater: a review
10.3390/w16050718 · 2024 · External reference
Phycoremediation mechanisms of heavy metals using living green microalgae: physicochemical and molecular approaches for enhancing selectivity and removal capacity
10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07609 · 2021 · External reference
A comprehensive review on biosorption of heavy metals by algal biomass: materials, performances, chemistry, and modeling simulation tools
10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.068 · 2014 · External reference
Microalgal metallothioneins and phytochelatins and their potential use in bioremediation
10.3389/fmicb.2020.00517 · 2020 · External reference
Factors and mechanisms regulating heavy metal phycoremediation in polluted water
10.1007/s43832-023-00041-1 · 2023 · External reference
Potential of microalgae parachlorella kessleri Bh-2 as bioremediation agent of heavy metals cadmium and chromium
10.1016/j.algal.2021.102463 · 2021 · External reference
Trends in bioremediation of heavy metal contaminations
10.4491/eer.2021.631 · 2023 · External reference
Heavy metal–induced stress in eukaryotic algae—mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity and tolerance with particular emphasis on oxidative stress in exposed cells and the role of antioxidant response
10.1007/s11356-021-18419-w · 2022 · External reference
Heavy metal detoxification mechanisms by microalgae: insights from transcriptomics analysis
10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117443 · 2021 · External reference
Pb (II)-phycoremediation mechanism using Scenedesmus obliquus: cells physicochemical properties and metabolomic profiling
10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08967 · 2022 · External reference
Contrasting detoxification mechanisms of chlamydomonas reinhardtii under Cd and Pb stress
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129771 · 2021 · External reference
Experimental study and parameters optimization of microalgae based heavy metals removal process using a hybrid response surface methodology-crow search algorithm
10.1038/s41598-020-72236-8 · 2020 · External reference
Bioremoval capacity of three heavy metals by some microalgae species (Egyptian Isolates)
10.4161/psb.19173 · 2012 · External reference
Chlorella vulgaris phycoremediation at low Cu+2 contents: proteomic profiling of microalgal metabolism related to fatty acids and CO2 fixation
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131272 · 2021 · External reference
Pb(II)-phycoremediation mechanism using Scenedesmus obliquus: cells physicochemical properties and metabolomic profiling
10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08967 · 2022 · External reference
Remediation of heavy metals in polluted water by immobilized algae: current applications and future perspectives
10.3390/su15065128 · 2023 · External reference
The removal of chromium (VI) from tannery waste using Spirulina sp. immobilized silica gel
2021 · External reference
Toxicity and bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated ecosystem from tannery wastewater: a review
10.1155/2018/2568038 · 2018 · External reference
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment: mechanisms, challenges, recent advances, and future prospects
10.1016/j.ese.2022.100205 · 2023 · External reference
Biological synergies for heavy metal bioremediation across microbial, algal, and phytoremediation perspectives
10.1007/s44509-026-00003-5 · 2026 · External reference
Microalgae in multipollutant synergistic removal: mechanisms, regulatory networks, and cross-scale integration
10.1007/s12210-025-01404-7 · 2026 · External reference
An analysis of the processes, kinetics and equilibrium of iron’s biosorption on immobilized green microalgae
2023 · External reference
Alginate and algal-based beads for the sorption of metal cations: cu (II) and Pb (II)
10.3390/ijms17091453 · 2016 · External reference
Biosorption: an interplay between marine algae and potentially toxic elements—a review
10.3390/md16020065 · 2018 · External reference
Optimum conditions of pH, temperature and preculture for biosorption of europium by microalgae acutodesmus acuminatus
10.1016/j.bej.2018.12.007 · 2019 · External reference
Biosorption of cadmium by CO2-fixing microalga scenedesmus obliquus CNW-N
10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.124 · 2012 · External reference
Modeling of lead removal by living Scenedesmus obliquus using backpropagation (BP) neural network algorithm
10.1016/j.eti.2021.101410 · 2021 · External reference
Application of algae for heavy metal adsorption: a 20-year meta-analysis
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110089 · 2020 · External reference
Bioremediation of heavy metals in palm oil mill effluent (POME) using Chlorella vulgaris: a biological approach
2025 · External reference
Chlorella vulgaris phycoremediation at low Cu+2 contents: proteomic profiling of microalgal metabolism related to fatty acids and CO2 fixation
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131272 · 2021 · External reference
The strategies microalgae adopt to counteract the toxic effect of heavy metals
10.3390/microorganisms13050989 · 2025 · External reference
Biosorption of Cu (II) ions using living microalgae chlorella sp.: effects of microalgae concentration, salinity, and light color
10.14716/ijtech.v14i1.4995 · 2023 · External reference
Experimental study and parameters optimization of microalgae based heavy metals removal process using a hybrid response surface methodology-crow search algorithm
10.1038/s41598-020-72236-8 · 2020 · External reference
Utilization of the microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda for hexavalent chromium bioremediation and biodiesel production
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126665 · 2022 · External reference
Bioremoval capacity of three heavy metals by some microalgae species (Egyptian Isolates)
10.4161/psb.19173 · 2012 · External reference
Microalgae–a promising tool for heavy metal remediation
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.12.019 · 2015 · External reference
Effect of metals, metalloids and metallic nanoparticles on microalgae growth and industrial product biosynthesis: a review
10.3390/ijms161023929 · 2015 · External reference
Experimental study and parameters optimization of microalgae based heavy metals removal process using a hybrid response surface methodology-crow search algorithm
10.1038/s41598-020-72236-8 · 2020 · External reference
Biosorption of chromium by using Spirulina sp
10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.11.008 · 2016 · External reference
Enhanced cold tolerance mechanisms in Euglena gracilis: comparative analysis of pre-adaptation and direct low-temperature exposure
10.3389/fmicb.2024.1465351 · 2024 · External reference
Utilization of the microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda for hexavalent chromium bioremediation and biodiesel production
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126665 · 2022 · External reference
Interactive effects of temperature and heavy metal stress on the growth and some biochemical compounds in wheat seedlings
10.1016/s0269-7491(99)00177-3 · 2000 · External reference
Isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant microalgae from old mining areas of Saxony
10.1038/s41598-025-32393-0 · 2026 · External reference
Factors influencing heavy metal removal by microalgae—a review
2019 · External reference
Utilization of the microalga Scenedesmus quadricauda for hexavalent chromium bioremediation and biodiesel production
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126665 · 2022 · External reference
Impacts of fulvic acid and Cr(VI) on metabolism and chromium removal pathways of green microalgae
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132171 · 2023 · External reference
What is this thing called circular bioeconomy? Integrating the concepts of circular agri-food and industrial systems
10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.146872 · 2025 · External reference
Potential strategies for phytoremediation of heavy metals from wastewater with circular bioeconomy approach
10.1007/s10661-024-12680-5 · 2024 · External reference
Zero-waste perspective for circular bioeconomy of phycoremediation and life cycle assessment: essentialities, development and challenges
10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108203 · 2025 · External reference
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment processes for the bioremediation and valorization of biomass: a review
10.3390/phycology6010018 · 2026 · External reference
Integrated microalgae-based biorefinery for wastewater treatment, industrial CO2 sequestration and microalgal biomass valorization: a circular bioeconomy approach
10.1016/j.envadv.2023.100365 · 2023 · External reference
The removal of chromium (VI) from tannery waste using Spirulina sp. immobilized silica gel
2021 · External reference
Valorization of heavy metal contaminated biomass: recycling and expanding to functional materials
10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132771 · 2022 · External reference
Chlorella vulgaris phycoremediation at low Cu+2 contents: proteomic profiling of microalgal metabolism related to fatty acids and CO2 fixation
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131272 · 2021 · External reference
Pyrolysis of biomass harvested from heavy-metal contaminated area: characteristics of bio-oils and biochars from batch-wise one-stage and continuous two-stage pyrolysis
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141715 · 2024 · External reference
Insights into upstream processing of microalgae: a review
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124870 · 2021 · External reference
Microalgae-based wastewater treatment processes for the bioremediation and valorization of biomass: a review
10.3390/phycology6010018 · 2026 · External reference
Valorization of heavy metal-adsorbed microalgae from a membrane bioreactor for levulinic acid production
10.1016/j.jece.2023.110852 · 2023 · External reference
Hydrothermal carbonization of heavy metal-contaminated biomass: migration, transformation, and ecological stability changes of metals
10.3390/ijms26062551 · 2025 · External reference
Microaglae-based wastewater treatment for circular economy: efficiency of indigenous green microalgae for nutrient removal and resource recovery
2023 · External reference
Marine microalgae for bioremediation and waste-to-worth valorization: recent progress and future prospects
10.1186/s44315-024-00010-w · 2024 · External reference
Artificial Intelligence–driven microalgal biorefineries: advancing wastewater phycoremediation toward sustainable biofuel and high-value product generation
10.1016/j.algal.2026.104620 · 2026 · External reference
Microalgal biorefineries in sustainable biofuel production and other high-value products
10.1016/j.nbt.2025.02.007 · 2025 · External reference
Biosorption of heavy metals by microorganisms: evaluation of different underlying mechanisms
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135957 · 2022 · External reference
Hydrothermal carbonization of residual algal biomass for production of hydrochar as a biobased metal adsorbent
10.3390/su14010455 · 2022 · External reference
Biomass valorization via pyrolysis in microalgae-based wastewater treatment: challenges and opportunities for a circular bioeconomy
10.1007/s10811-023-03104-x · 2023 · External reference
Impact of heavy metal laden algal biomass on hydrothermal liquefaction and biorefinery approach
10.1016/j.psep.2020.08.005 · 2021 · External reference
A synergistic use of microalgae and macroalgae for heavy metal bioremediation and bioenergy production through hydrothermal liquefaction
10.1039/c8se00408k · 2019 · External reference
Adsorption performance of Ni(II) by KOH-modified biochar derived from different microalgae species
10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130287 · 2024 · External reference
A novel integrated system for heavy metals removal and biodiesel production via green microalgae: a techno-economic feasibility assessment
10.1016/j.jece.2022.108804 · 2022 · External reference
Enhancing the biodiesel production in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris by heavy metal stress and prediction of fuel properties from fatty acid profiles
10.1007/s11356-024-33538-w · 2024 · External reference
Comparative review of biodiesel production and purification
2024 · External reference
Modern heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production: a comprehensive review
10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.112 · 2011 · External reference
Insight into the recent advances in sustainable biodiesel production by catalytic conversion of vegetable oils: current trends, challenges, and prospects
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c03887 · 2023 · External reference
Effect of impurities in biodiesel-derived waste glycerol on the performance and feasibility of biotechnological processes
10.1007/s00253-012-4111-3 · 2012 · External reference
A systematic review on utilization of biodiesel-derived crude glycerol in sustainable polymers preparation
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129536 · 2024 · External reference
Impact of heavy metals in the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana and assessment of its potential use in cadmium bioremediation
10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105941 · 2021 · External reference
Sequential bioethanol and biogas production coupled with heavy metal removal using dry seaweeds: towards enhanced economic feasibility
10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128341 · 2021 · External reference
Integrated biorefinery approaches for the sustainable valorization of agricultural residues into biofuels, bioplastics, and bioactive compounds
2026 · External reference
Waste stream valorization-based low-carbon bioeconomy utilizing algae as a biorefinery platform
10.1016/j.rser.2023.113245 · 2023 · External reference
Pyrolysis of hydrothermal sewage sludge and food waste digestate for heavy metals stabilization and ecological risk reduction
10.3390/pr12122614 · 2024 · External reference
Valorisation of metal-contaminated biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction: the case study of tannery sludge
10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135595 · 2025 · External reference
Assessment of toxicity of heavy metal contaminated soils by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
10.1007/s10653-005-9014-0 · 2006 · External reference
Assessment of leaching behavior, chemical speciation, and environmental risks of lime-treated metal-laden sludge from secondary lead smelting plant wastewater treatment
10.1016/j.jece.2025.120826 · 2026 · External reference
Valorization of microalgae biomass into bioproducts promoting circular bioeconomy: a holistic approach of bioremediation and biorefinery
10.1007/s13205-021-02911-8 · 2021 · External reference
Techno-economic assessment for the production of algal fuels and value-added products: opportunities for high-protein microalgae conversion
10.1186/s13068-021-02098-3 · 2022 · External reference
Heavy metal toxicity and the environment
2012 · External reference
Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review
10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.011 · 2011 · External reference
Breaking the barriers towards large-scale microalgae-based bio-hydrogen production
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.152133 · 2025 · External reference
The potentials and challenges of algae based biofuels: a review of the techno-economic, life cycle, and resource assessment modeling
10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.075 · 2015 · External reference
A phaeodactylum tricornutum literature database for interactive annotation of content
10.1016/j.algal.2016.06.020 · 2016 · External reference
Comparative study of the microalgae-based wastewater treatment, in an oil refining industry cogeneration concept
10.3390/w17152217 · 2025 · External reference
Hydrothermal liquefaction of swine wastewater-cultivated Chlorella sorokiniana SU-1 biomass for sustainable biofuel production
10.1016/j.bej.2024.109383 · 2024 · External reference
Green approaches to heavy metal removal from wastewater: microalgae solutions in a circular economy framework
2025 · External reference
Isolation and characterization of indigenous microalgae from domestic, industrial, and municipal wastewaters for nutrient and heavy metal removal: a kinetic and mechanistic investigation
10.1007/s00203-026-04875-w · 2026 · External reference
Isolation and characterization of heavy metal tolerant microalgae from old mining areas of Saxony
10.1038/s41598-025-32393-0 · 2026 · External reference
Responses and tolerance mechanisms of microalgae to heavy metal stress: a review
10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105805 · 2023 · External reference
Effects of Cu (II) on the growth of chlorella vulgaris and its removal efficiency of pollutants in synthetic piggery digestate
10.3390/toxics12010056 · 2024 · External reference
Multidimensional interaction mechanisms and synergistic remediation strategies for heavy metal with co-occurring pollutants: a review
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2026.120109 · 2026 · External reference
Microalgae harvesting for wastewater treatment and resources recovery: a review
10.1016/j.nbt.2023.10.002 · 2023 · External reference
Mini critical review: membrane fouling control in membrane bioreactors by microalgae
10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131022 · 2024 · External reference
A review of membrane fouling and its control in algal-related membrane processes
10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.102 · 2018 · External reference
Advances and engineering strategies in microalgae-based heavy metal bioremediation
2026 · External reference
Immobilized microalgal system: an achievable idea for upgrading current microalgal wastewater treatment
2025 · External reference
Exploring microalgae immobilization and advanced photo bioreactors for enhanced wastewater treatment efficiency
2026 · External reference
Microalgal-bacterial biofilms for wastewater treatment: operations, performances, mechanisms, and uncertainties
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167974 · 2024 · External reference
A review of emerging membrane-based microalgal-bacterial processes for wastewater treatment: process configurations, biological and membrane performance, and perspectives
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172141 · 2024 · External reference
Nano-enabled microalgae bioremediation: advances in sustainable pollutant removal and value-addition
10.1016/j.envres.2024.120011 · 2024 · External reference
Amine-functionalized maghemite nanoflowers for efficient magnetic removal of heavy-metal-adsorbed algae
10.3390/ijms262010010 · 2025 · External reference
Insights into microalgal biotechnology: current applications, key challenges, and future prospects
2025 · External reference
Is genetic engineering a route to enhance microalgae-mediated bioremediation of heavy metal-containing effluents?
10.3390/molecules27051473 · 2022 · External reference
Membrane bioreactor filtration characteristics, membrane modification, membrane material transfiguration, and transformation of fouling characteristics
2026 · External reference
Magnetic flocculation of microalgae using magnetite nanoparticles: progress and challenges
10.1016/j.algal.2025.104340 · 2025 · External reference
