Research graph
References from Mini-review: Strategies for Variation and Evolution of Bacterial Antigens. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
10.1111/j.1462-5822.2009.01366.x
10.1111/j.1462-5822.2009.01366.x · External reference
10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00321.x
10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00321.x · External reference
10.1016/b978-012194851-1/50037-8
10.1016/b978-012194851-1/50037-8 · 2003 · External reference
Anaplasma phagocytophilum major surface protein-2 (Msp2) forms multimeric complexes in the bacterial membrane
10.1016/s0378-1097(03)00687-6 · 2003 · External reference
Structure of the expression site reveals extensive global diversity in MSP2/P44 variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum
10.1128/iai.00809-06 · 2006 · External reference
Analysis of involvement of the RecF pathway in p44 recombination in Anaplasma phagocytophilum and in Escherichia coli by using a plasmid carrying the p44 expression and p44 donor loci
10.1128/iai.74.4.2052-2062.2006 · 2006 · External reference
Variant-specific and diminishing immune responses towards the highly variable MSP2 (P44) outer membrane protein of Anaplasma phagocytophilum during persistent infection in lambs
10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.07.009 · 2010 · External reference
10.1371/journal.pgen.0020021
10.1371/journal.pgen.0020021 · External reference
Antigen diversity in the parasitic bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophium arises from selectively-represented, spatially clustered functional pseudogenes
10.1371/journal.pone.0008265 · 2009 · External reference
Antigenic variation of Anaplasma marginale by expression of MSP2 mosaics
10.1128/iai.68.11.6133-6138.2000 · 2000 · External reference
10.1128/iai.00348-09
10.1128/iai.00348-09 · External reference
10.1073/pnas.0406656102
10.1073/pnas.0406656102 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2012 · External reference
10.1073/pnas.0710333105
10.1073/pnas.0710333105 · External reference
10.1128/iai.66.3.1200-1207.1998
10.1128/iai.66.3.1200-1207.1998 · External reference
10.1128/jcm.27.2.279-284.1989
10.1128/jcm.27.2.279-284.1989 · External reference
Simultaneous variation of the immunodominant outer membrane proteins, MSP2 and MSP3, during Anaplasma marginale persistence in vivo
10.1128/iai.71.11.6627-6632.2003 · 2003 · External reference
Antigenic variation in the persistence and transmission of the ehrlichia Anaplasma marginale
10.1016/s1286-4579(00)00271-9 · 2000 · External reference
Immunodominant major outer membrane proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family
10.1128/iai.66.1.132-139.1998 · 1998 · External reference
The map1 gene of Cowdria ruminantium is a member of a multigene family containing both conserved and variable genes
10.1006/bbrc.1999.0459 · 1999 · External reference
Analysis of transcriptionally active gene clusters of major outer membrane protein multigene family in Ehrlichia canis and E. chaffeensis
10.1128/iai.69.4.2083-2091.2001 · 2001 · External reference
Characterization of a major outer membrane protein multigene family in Ehrlichia ruminantium
10.1016/j.gene.2004.01.020 · 2004 · External reference
10.1016/s0378-1119(00)00147-5
10.1016/s0378-1119(00)00147-5 · External reference
10.1128/jb.188.7.2533-2542.2006
10.1128/jb.188.7.2533-2542.2006 · External reference
Homologous recombination and the pattern of nucleotide substitution in Ehrlichia ruminantium
10.1016/j.gene.2006.08.003 · 2007 · External reference
Host-symbiont conflicts: positive selection on an outer membrane protein of parasitic but not mutualistic Rickettsiaceae
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004195 · 2002 · External reference
Antigenic variation of Ehrlichia chaffeensis resulting from differential expression of the 28-kilodalton protein gene family
10.1128/iai.70.4.1824-1831.2002 · 2002 · External reference
Genetic and antigenic diversities of major immunoreactive proteins in globally distributed Ehrlichia canis strains
10.1128/cvi.00482-07 · 2008 · External reference
Evolution and phylogeny of Wolbachia: reproductive parasites of arthropods
10.1098/rspb.1995.0117 · 1995 · External reference
Wolbachia pipientis: intracellular infection and pathogenesis in Drosophila
10.1016/j.mib.2003.12.003 · 2004 · External reference
10.1093/molbev/msj049
10.1093/molbev/msj049 · External reference
Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding the major surface protein of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis
10.1128/jb.180.9.2373-2378.1998 · 1998 · External reference
10.1128/jb.187.15.5406-5418.2005
10.1128/jb.187.15.5406-5418.2005 · External reference
Different rates of nucleotide substitutions in Wolbachia endosymbionts of arthropods and nematodes: arms race or host shifts?
2002 · External reference
A specific primed immune response in Drosophila is dependent on phagocytes
10.1371/journal.ppat.0030026 · 2007 · External reference
Immunobiology of relapsing fever
1987 · External reference
10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3819
10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3819 · External reference
Antigenic variation of Borrelia hermsii
10.1084/jem.156.5.1297 · 1982 · External reference
10.3201/eid0605.000502
10.3201/eid0605.000502 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1985 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb02198.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb02198.x · External reference
Juxtaposition of expressed variable antigen genes with a conserved telomere in the bacterium Borrelia hermsii
10.1073/pnas.87.16.6077 · 1990 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02132.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02132.x · External reference
10.1128/iai.59.1.390-397.1991
10.1128/iai.59.1.390-397.1991 · External reference
10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01443.x
10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01443.x · External reference
Antigenic variation by Borrelia hermsii occurs through recombination between extragenic repetitive elements on linear plasmids
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05177.x · 2006 · External reference
10.1128/jb.175.9.2516-2522.1993
10.1128/jb.175.9.2516-2522.1993 · External reference
10.1073/pnas.071042098
10.1073/pnas.071042098 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00423.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00423.x · External reference
10.1126/science.280.5371.1938
10.1126/science.280.5371.1938 · External reference
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004056
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004056 · External reference
10.1128/iai.65.1.285-292.1997
10.1128/iai.65.1.285-292.1997 · External reference
Pathogen escape from host immunity by a genome program for antigenic variation
10.1073/pnas.0605302103 · 2006 · External reference
Surveillance for Lyme disease—United States, 1992–2006
2008 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2005 · External reference
10.1086/508667
10.1086/508667 · External reference
10.1099/00221287-146-7-1491
10.1099/00221287-146-7-1491 · External reference
10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80206-8
10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80206-8 · External reference
Crystal structure of Lyme disease variable surface antigen VlsE of Borrelia burgdorferi
10.1074/jbc.m201547200 · 2002 · External reference
Antigenic composition of Borrelia burgdorferi during infection of SCID mice
10.1128/iai.71.6.3419-3428.2003 · 2003 · External reference
10.1128/iai.66.8.3698-3704.1998
10.1128/iai.66.8.3698-3704.1998 · External reference
Investigation of the genes involved in antigenic switching at the vlsE locus in Borrelia burgdorferi: an essential role for the RuvAB branch migrase
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000680 · 2009 · External reference
Detailed analysis of sequence changes occurring during vlsE antigenic variation in the mouse model of Borrelia burgdorferi infection
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000293 · 2009 · External reference
10.1128/iai.66.8.3689-3697.1998
10.1128/iai.66.8.3689-3697.1998 · External reference
Evidence that the variable regions of the central domain of VlsE are antigenic during infection with Lyme disease spirochetes
10.1128/iai.70.8.4196-4203.2002 · 2002 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05204.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05204.x · External reference
Evaluation of the importance of VlsE antigenic variation for the enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi
2015 · External reference
10.1128/iai.71.8.4608-4613.2003
10.1128/iai.71.8.4608-4613.2003 · External reference
The role of VlsE antigenic variation in the Lyme disease spirochete: persistence through a mechanism that differs from other pathogens
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05895.x · 2007 · External reference
10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61016-2
10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61016-2 · External reference
10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03679.x
10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03679.x · External reference
Reassortment of pilin genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae occurs by two distinct mechanisms
10.1038/338651a0 · 1989 · External reference
Cloning of the recA gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and construction of gonococcal recA mutants
10.1128/jb.169.2.790-795.1987 · 1987 · External reference
Antigenic variation of gonococcal pilin expression in vivo: analysis of the strain FA1090 pilin repertoire and identification of the pilS gene copies recombining with pilE during experimental human infection
10.1099/00221287-147-4-839 · 2001 · External reference
10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00171.x
10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00171.x · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04838.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04838.x · External reference
10.1128/jb.00082-15
10.1128/jb.00082-15 · External reference
Microevolution within a clonal population of pathogenic bacteria: recombination, gene duplication and horizontal genetic exchange in the opa gene family of Neisseria meningitidis
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01006.x · 1994 · External reference
Opacity determinants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: gene expression and chromosomal linkage to the gonococcal pilus gene
10.1016/0092-8674(84)90375-1 · 1984 · External reference
How clonal are bacteria?
10.1073/pnas.90.10.4384 · 1993 · External reference
Opacity genes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: control of phase and antigenic variation
10.1016/0092-8674(86)90366-1 · 1986 · External reference
10.1016/0092-8674(89)90577-1
10.1016/0092-8674(89)90577-1 · External reference
10.1073/pnas.092568699
10.1073/pnas.092568699 · External reference
Mismatch correction modulates mutation frequency and pilus phase and antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae
10.1128/jb.01228-09 · 2010 · External reference
10.1128/jb.02594-14
10.1128/jb.02594-14 · External reference
10.1126/science.1175653
10.1126/science.1175653 · External reference
10.1172/jci12557
10.1172/jci12557 · External reference
10.1128/mmbr.00056-12
10.1128/mmbr.00056-12 · External reference
Variation of the factor H-binding protein of Neisseria meningitidis
10.1099/mic.0.027995-0 · 2009 · External reference
The Oslo study of untreated syphilis; an epidemiologic investigation of the natural course of the syphilitic infection based upon a re-study of the Boeck-Bruusgaard material
1955 · External reference
10.1084/jem.189.4.647
10.1084/jem.189.4.647 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04086.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04086.x · External reference
10.1128/jb.185.21.6262-6268.2003
10.1128/jb.185.21.6262-6268.2003 · External reference
Antigenic variation of TprK facilitates development of secondary syphilis
10.1128/iai.02236-14 · 2014 · External reference
10.1128/iai.68.2.824-831.2000
10.1128/iai.68.2.824-831.2000 · External reference
Antigenic variation in Treponema pallidum: TprK sequence diversity accumulates in response to immune pressure during experimental syphilis
10.4049/jimmunol.0902788 · 2010 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05898.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05898.x · External reference
10.2217/fmb.10.71
10.2217/fmb.10.71 · External reference
Mycoplasma genitalium infection and persistence in a cohort of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
10.1097/01.olq.0000237860.61298.54 · 2007 · External reference
10.1126/science.270.5235.397
10.1126/science.270.5235.397 · External reference
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05911.x
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05911.x · External reference
10.1128/jb.00978-06
10.1128/jb.00978-06 · External reference
10.1128/jb.176.17.5202-5209.1994
10.1128/jb.176.17.5202-5209.1994 · External reference
10.1128/iai.67.9.4557-4562.1999
10.1128/iai.67.9.4557-4562.1999 · External reference
10.1128/iai.00747-09
10.1128/iai.00747-09 · External reference
The Mycoplasma pneumoniae MPN229 gene encodes a protein that selectively binds single-stranded DNA and stimulates Recombinase A-mediated DNA strand exchange
10.1186/1471-2180-8-167 · 2008 · External reference
Genomic repeats, genome plasticity and the dynamics of Mycoplasma evolution
10.1093/nar/30.9.2031 · 2002 · External reference
Mechanism of antigenic variation in Mycoplasma pulmonis: interwoven, site-specific DNA inversions
10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_18040703.x · 1995 · External reference
Characterization of a multigene family undergoing high-frequency DNA rearrangements and coding for abundant variable surface proteins in Mycoplasma agalactiae
10.1128/iai.68.8.4539-4548.2000 · 2000 · External reference
Size and genomic location of the pMGA multigene family of Mycoplasma gallisepticum
10.1099/13500872-142-6-1429 · 1996 · External reference
Role of phenotypic diversity in pathogenesis of avian mycoplasmosis
10.1080/03079450701687078 · 2007 · External reference
The vlhA loci of Mycoplasma synoviae are confined to a restricted region of the genome
10.1099/mic.0.27109-0 · 2005 · External reference
10.1128/mmbr.62.4.1094-1156.1998
10.1128/mmbr.62.4.1094-1156.1998 · External reference
10.1146/annurev.micro.50.1.25
10.1146/annurev.micro.50.1.25 · External reference
10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01698.x
10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01698.x · External reference
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020069
10.1371/journal.pbio.0020069 · External reference
Outer membrane ultrastructure explains the limited antigenicity of virulent Treponema pallidum
10.1073/pnas.86.6.2051 · 1989 · External reference
10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00005-1
10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00005-1 · External reference
10.1099/00221287-147-8-2321
10.1099/00221287-147-8-2321 · External reference
Telomere resolution in the Lyme disease spirochete
10.1093/emboj/20.12.3229 · 2001 · External reference
Intra-strain heterogeneity of gonococcal pili is related to opacity colony variance
10.1084/jem.151.3.716 · 1980 · External reference
10.1038/nrmicro2145
10.1038/nrmicro2145 · External reference
Ecology of granulocytic ehrlichiosis and Lyme disease in the western United States
2004 · External reference
10.1007/s10493-008-9173-7
10.1007/s10493-008-9173-7 · External reference
Antigenic and genomic homogeneity of successive Mycoplasma hominis isolates
10.1099/00222615-47-8-659 · 1998 · External reference
Accelerated evolution and Muller's rachet in endosymbiotic bacteria
10.1073/pnas.93.7.2873 · 1996 · External reference
10.1016/j.meegid.2004.10.005
10.1016/j.meegid.2004.10.005 · External reference
10.1016/j.gde.2004.09.003
10.1016/j.gde.2004.09.003 · External reference
10.1128/iai.01801-06
10.1128/iai.01801-06 · External reference
Emergence of Anaplasma marginale antigenic variants during persistent rickettsemia
10.1128/iai.67.11.5834-5840.1999 · 1999 · External reference
