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References from Unlocking COVID therapeutic targets: A structure-based rationale against SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV Spike. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Unresolved reference
External reference
Recent progress and challenges in drug development against COVID-19 coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) - an update on the status
10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104327 · 2020 · External reference
Structure, function, and evolution of coronavirus spike proteins
2016 · External reference
SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor
10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052 · 2020 · External reference
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
2020 · External reference
Structure, Function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
2020 · External reference
Coronaviruses-drug discovery and therapeutic options
10.1038/nrd.2015.37 · 2016 · External reference
Trypsin treatment unlocks barrier for zoonotic bat coronavirus infection
2019 · External reference
Receptor usage and cell entry of bat coronavirus HKU4 provide insight into bat-to-human transmission of MERS coronavirus
10.1073/pnas.1405889111 · 2014 · External reference
Two mutations were critical for bat-to-human transmission of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
10.1128/jvi.01279-15 · 2015 · External reference
Priming time: how cellular proteases arm coronavirus spike proteins
10.1007/978-3-319-75474-1_4 · 2018 · External reference
Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor
2020 · External reference
Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV
2020 · External reference
The spike protein of the emerging betacoronavirus EMC uses a novel coronavirus receptor for entry, can be activated by TMPRSS2, and is targeted by neutralizing antibodies
2013 · External reference
Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response
10.1128/jvi.02232-10 · 2011 · External reference
TMPRSS2 contributes to virus spread and immunopathology in the airways of murine models after coronavirus infection
10.1128/jvi.01815-18 · 2019 · External reference
Efficient activation of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein by the transmembrane protease TMPRSS2
10.1128/jvi.01542-10 · 2010 · External reference
A transmembrane serine protease is linked to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor and activates virus entry
10.1128/jvi.02062-10 · 2011 · External reference
Protease inhibitors targeting coronavirus and filovirus entry
10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.01.011 · 2015 · External reference
10.2174/187152611794407782
10.2174/187152611794407782 · External reference
Recent advances in computer-aided drug design as applied to anti-influenza drug discovery
10.2174/1568026614666140929153812 · 2014 · External reference
10.1016/j.trci.2017.10.005
10.1016/j.trci.2017.10.005 · External reference
Changing R&D models in research-based pharmaceutical companies
10.1186/s12967-016-0838-4 · 2016 · External reference
Understanding bat SARS-like coronaviruses for the preparation of future coronavirus outbreaks — implications for coronavirus vaccine development
10.1080/21645515.2016.1228500 · 2017 · External reference
Identification of diverse alphacoronaviruses and genomic characterization of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronavirus from bats in China
2014 · External reference
Functional analysis of potential cleavage sites in the MERS-coronavirus spike protein
10.1038/s41598-018-34859-w · 2018 · External reference
Inhibition of proprotein convertases abrogates processing of the middle eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein in infected cells but does not reduce viral infectivity
2015 · External reference
Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2
2020 · External reference
The spike protein of SARS-CoV - a target for vaccine and therapeutic development
2009 · External reference
MERS-CoV spike protein: a key target for antivirals
2017 · External reference
Drug targets for corona virus: a systematic review
2020 · External reference
Broad-spectrum coronavirus antiviral drug discovery
2019 · External reference
10.1016/s1359-6446(05)03624-x
10.1016/s1359-6446(05)03624-x · External reference
APoc: large-scale identification of similar protein pockets
2013 · External reference
Development of a rule-based method for the assessment of protein druggability
10.1021/ci200613b · 2012 · External reference
Novel coronavirus spike glycoprotein between its closed and open states using molecular dynamics simulations
2019 · External reference
Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2
10.1371/journal.ppat.1007236 · 2018 · External reference
Tectonic conformational changes of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein promote membrane fusion
2017 · External reference
Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 spike in an early prefusion conformation
2020 · External reference
Crucial steps in the structure determination of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein using cryo-electron microscopy
10.1002/pro.3048 · 2017 · External reference
10.1101/2020.04.14.041459
10.1101/2020.04.14.041459 · External reference
Conformational states of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein ectodomain
2006 · External reference
Deciphering key features in protein structures with the new ENDscript server
10.1093/nar/gku316 · 2014 · External reference
Structural and functional basis of SARS-CoV-2 entry by using human ACE2
2020 · External reference
Distinct roles for sialoside and protein receptors in coronavirus infection
10.1128/mbio.02764-19 · 2020 · External reference
A human monoclonal 1 antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection
2020 · External reference
Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody
2020 · External reference
10.1101/2020.02.25.965434
10.1101/2020.02.25.965434 · External reference
A sequence homology and bioinformatic approach can predict candidate targets for immune responses to SARS-CoV-2
10.1016/j.chom.2020.03.002 · 2020 · External reference
Influence of hydrophobic and electrostatic residues on SARS-coronavirus S2 protein stability: insights into mechanisms of general viral fusion and inhibitor design
10.1002/pro.2442 · 2014 · External reference
Computers and viral diseases. Preliminary bioinformatics studies on the design of a synthetic vaccine and a preventative peptidomimetic antagonist against the SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV, COVID-19) coronavirus
10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103670 · 2020 · External reference
Emerging WuHan (COVID-19) coronavirus: glycan shield and structure prediction of spike glycoprotein and its interaction with human CD26
10.1080/22221751.2020.1739565 · 2020 · External reference
A possible strategy to fight COVID-19: interfering with spike glycoprotein trimerization
10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.007 · 2020 · External reference
Highly conserved homotrimer cavity formed by the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein: a novel binding site
10.3390/jcm9051473 · 2020 · External reference
Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: evidence that D614G increases infectivity of the COVID-19 virus
10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.043 · 2020 · External reference
Distinct structural flexibility within SARS-CoV-2 spike protein reveals potential therapeutic targets
2020 · External reference
10.1101/2020.05.12.091090
10.1101/2020.05.12.091090 · External reference
The human coronavirus HCoV-229E S-protein structure and receptor binding
2019 · External reference
In silico studies on the comparative characterization of the interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with ACE-2 receptor homologs and human TLRs
10.1002/jmv.25987 · 2020 · External reference
Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105960 · 2020 · External reference
Synergistic antiviral effect of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in combination against SARS-CoV-2: What molecular dynamics studies of virus-host interactions reveal
2020 · External reference
In silico methods for drug repurposing and pharmacology
2016 · External reference
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105998
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105998 · External reference
The anti-HIV drug nelfinavir mesylate (Viracept) is a potent inhibitor of cell fusion caused by the SARSCoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein warranting further evaluation as an antiviral against COVID-19 infections
10.1002/jmv.25985 · 2020 · External reference
Virtual screening of immunomodulatory medicinal compounds as promising anti-SARS-COV-2 inhibitors
10.2217/fvl-2020-0079 · 2020 · External reference
Interaction between heptad repeat 1 and 2 regions in spike protein of SARS-associated coronavirus: implications for virus fusogenic mechanism and identification of fusion inhibitors
2004 · External reference
Structure-based discovery of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor
2014 · External reference
Potent MERS-CoV fusion inhibitory peptides identified from HR2 domain in spike protein of bat coronavirus HKU4
2019 · External reference
A pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting the HR1 domain of human coronavirus spike
2019 · External reference
Fusion mechanism of 2019-nCoV and fusion inhibitors targeting HR1 domain in spike protein
2020 · External reference
Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion
2020 · External reference
Shielding and beyond: the roles of glycans in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
2020 · External reference
Site-specific glycan analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 spike
10.1126/science.abb9983 · 2020 · External reference
Vulnerabilities in coronavirus glycan shields despite extensive glycosylation
10.1038/s41467-020-16567-0 · 2020 · External reference
10.1124/pr.112.007336
10.1124/pr.112.007336 · External reference
Computational-experimental approach to drug-target interaction mapping: A case study on kinase inhibitors
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005678 · 2017 · External reference
Data, disease and diplomacy: GISAID’s innovative contribution to global health
2017 · External reference
10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.13.30494
10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.13.30494 · External reference
GenBank
10.1093/nar/gkx1094 · 2018 · External reference
The 2019 novel coronavirus resource
2020 · External reference
ViPR: an open bioinformatics database and analysis resource for virology research
2012 · External reference
Virus variation resource-improved response to emergent viral outbreaks
10.1093/nar/gkw1065 · 2017 · External reference
The EMBL-EBI search and sequence analysis tools APIs in 2019
2019 · External reference
MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform
2002 · External reference
MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms
2018 · External reference
10.1002/prot.10146
10.1002/prot.10146 · External reference
10.1093/bioinformatics/btp033
10.1093/bioinformatics/btp033 · External reference
Evolutionary conservation of influenza A PB2 sequences reveals potential target sites for small molecule inhibitors
10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.009 · 2017 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2017 · External reference
To hit or not to hit: large-scale sequence analysis and structure characterization of influenza A NS1 unlocks new antiviral target potential
10.1016/j.virol.2019.04.009 · 2019 · External reference
Protein sequence alignments: a strategy for the hierarchical analysis of residue conservation
1993 · External reference
Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation
2020 · External reference
10.1093/nar/28.1.235
10.1093/nar/28.1.235 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
PockDrug-Server: a new web server for predicting pocket druggability on holo and apo proteins
10.1093/nar/gkv462 · 2015 · External reference
10.1093/bioinformatics/bts310
10.1093/bioinformatics/bts310 · External reference
Analyzing the topology of active sites: on the prediction of pockets and subpockets
10.1021/ci100241y · 2010 · External reference
Molecular footprints of selective pressure in the neuraminidase gene of currently circulating human influenza subtypes and lineages
2018 · External reference
Binding site characterization-similarity, promiscuity, and druggability
2019 · External reference
Identification of a potential allosteric site of Golgi α-mannosidase II using computer-aided drug design
10.1371/journal.pone.0216132 · 2019 · External reference
The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System
2015 · External reference
Large-scale analysis of influenza A virus nucleoprotein sequence conservation reveals potential drug-target sites
10.1016/j.virol.2014.01.023 · 2014 · External reference
10.1099/vir.0.011270-0
10.1099/vir.0.011270-0 · External reference
