Research graph
References from Lean limit extension Aspects of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine with hydrogen fraction. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
A comprehensive review on the utilization of hydrogen in low temperature combustion strategies: combustion, performance and emission attributes
10.1016/j.joei.2023.101511 · 2024 · External reference
Effect of compression ratio and spark timing on the power performance and combustion characteristics of an HCNG engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.134 · 2012 · External reference
10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103643
10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103643 · External reference
10.1016/j.energy.2025.134409
10.1016/j.energy.2025.134409 · External reference
Effect of injection and ignition timing on a hydrogen-lean stratified charge combustion engine
10.1177/14680874211034682 · 2022 · External reference
Effect of hydrogen direct injection on natural gas/hydrogen engine performance under high compression-ratio conditions
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.176 · 2022 · External reference
Effects of hydrogen injection strategy on the hydrogen mixture distribution and combustion of a gasoline/hydrogen SI engine under lean burn condition
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.197 · 2022 · External reference
10.4271/2023-01-0286
10.4271/2023-01-0286 · External reference
Study on effects of split injection proportion on hydrogen mixture distribution, combustion and emissions of a gasoline/hydrogen SI engine with split hydrogen direct injection under lean burn condition
10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117488 · 2020 · External reference
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.250
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.250 · External reference
Experimental investigation of equivalence ratio effects on combustion and emissions characteristics of an H2/methanol dual-injection engine under different spark timings
10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116463 · 2020 · External reference
Enhancement of ABE fuel combustion and emissions in simulated cold-start GDI conditions: the impact of flash boiling injection
10.1016/j.energy.2025.136585 · 2025 · External reference
10.1115/1.2795764
10.1115/1.2795764 · External reference
An investigation of the hydrogen addition effects to gasoline fueled spark ignition engine
10.4271/2007-01-1468 · 2007 · External reference
World Congress & Exhibition
2004 · External reference
Effect of spark timing on the performance of a hybrid hydrogen–gasoline engine at lean conditions
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.003 · 2010 · External reference
Sources of hydrocarbon emissions from a direct injection stratified charge spark ignition engine
10.4271/2000-01-1906 · 2000 · External reference
Extension of the lean operating limit for natural gas fueling of a spark ignited engine using hydrogen blending
10.1080/00102209708935620 · 1997 · External reference
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.041
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.041 · External reference
Study on influencing factors of prediction accuracy of support vector machine (SVM) model for NOx emission of a hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas engine
10.1016/j.fuel.2018.07.009 · 2018 · External reference
Experimental evaluation of SI engine operation supplemented by hydrogen rich gas from a compact plasma boosted reformer
10.4271/2000-01-2206 · 2000 · External reference
Interaction mechanisms of flash boiling spray with air-wall-time in a SIDI engine and implications on flame propagation and emissions using experimental investigation and machine learning
2025 · External reference
Effects of hydrogen addition on cycle-by-cycle variations in a lean burn natural gas spark-ignition engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.10.043 · 2008 · External reference
10.4271/2003-01-0630
10.4271/2003-01-0630 · External reference
Multi-objective optimization of a hydrogen-fueled Wankel rotary engine based on machine learning and genetic algorithm
10.1016/j.energy.2022.125961 · 2023 · External reference
Study of performance of SIE fueled with Supplementary hydrogen to gasoline
10.31026/j.eng.2006.04.09 · 2006 · External reference
Combustion characteristics of a turbocharged direct-injection hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117267 · 2023 · External reference
The addition of hydrogen to a gasoline-fuelled SI engine
2004 · External reference
10.4271/2011-01-2001
10.4271/2011-01-2001 · External reference
A comprehensive overview of hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines: Achievements and future challenges
10.3390/en14206504 · 2021 · External reference
A hydrogen direct injection engine concept that exceeds US DOE light-duty efficiency targets
10.4271/2012-01-0653 · 2012 · External reference
Study on homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion in argon circulated closed cycle hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.016 · 2022 · External reference
Hydrogen Gas Blending in gasoline GDI Engines: Combustion Analysis and Emission Control
10.3390/thermo5020019 · 2025 · External reference
10.1016/j.joei.2024.101554
10.1016/j.joei.2024.101554 · External reference
Effect of hydrogen injection coupled with high-energy ignition on the combustion stability of a lean-burn gasoline engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.08.294 · 2024 · External reference
Experimental and simulation research on the lean combustion characteristics of direct-injection hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.04.184 · 2024 · External reference
Effect of gasoline injection pressure and CO2 dilution on the hydrogen knock limit extension in a Hydrogen–Gasoline dual-fuel engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.388 · 2025 · External reference
Hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engines: direct injection versus port-fuel injection
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.07.136 · 2025 · External reference
Effects of hydrogen injection timing and injection pressure on mixture formation and combustion characteristics of a hydrogen direct injection engine
10.1016/j.fuel.2024.130966 · 2024 · External reference
10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.002
10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.002 · External reference
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.136
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.136 · External reference
Combustion and emission characteristics of a natural gas-fueled diesel engine with EGR
10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.021 · 2012 · External reference
10.1016/j.energy.2013.10.091
10.1016/j.energy.2013.10.091 · External reference
Combustion and emissions characteristics of a dual fuel engine operated on alternative gaseous fuels
10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.007 · 2013 · External reference
Variable composition hydrogen/natural gas mixtures for increased engine efficiency and decreased emissions
10.1115/1.483191 · 2000 · External reference
Experimental investigation of the achieving methods and the working characteristics of a near-zero NOx emission turbocharged direct-injection hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123746 · 2022 · External reference
Combustion and emission characteristics of a natural gas-fueled diesel engine with EGR
10.1016/j.enconman.2012.05.021 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Combustion characteristics of a turbocharged direct-injection hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117267 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.002
10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.002 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.energy.2013.10.091
10.1016/j.energy.2013.10.091 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Multi-objective optimization of a hydrogen-fueled Wankel rotary engine based on machine learning and genetic algorithm
10.1016/j.energy.2022.125961 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.energy.2025.134409
10.1016/j.energy.2025.134409 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Enhancement of ABE fuel combustion and emissions in simulated cold-start GDI conditions: the impact of flash boiling injection
10.1016/j.energy.2025.136585 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Combustion and emissions characteristics of a dual fuel engine operated on alternative gaseous fuels
10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.007 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Study on influencing factors of prediction accuracy of support vector machine (SVM) model for NOx emission of a hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas engine
10.1016/j.fuel.2018.07.009 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Experimental investigation of equivalence ratio effects on combustion and emissions characteristics of an H2/methanol dual-injection engine under different spark timings
10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116463 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Study on effects of split injection proportion on hydrogen mixture distribution, combustion and emissions of a gasoline/hydrogen SI engine with split hydrogen direct injection under lean burn condition
10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117488 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Experimental investigation of the achieving methods and the working characteristics of a near-zero NOx emission turbocharged direct-injection hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123746 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of hydrogen injection timing and injection pressure on mixture formation and combustion characteristics of a hydrogen direct injection engine
10.1016/j.fuel.2024.130966 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of hydrogen addition on cycle-by-cycle variations in a lean burn natural gas spark-ignition engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.10.043 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of spark timing on the performance of a hybrid hydrogen–gasoline engine at lean conditions
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.01.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of compression ratio and spark timing on the power performance and combustion characteristics of an HCNG engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.134 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.136
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.01.136 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.041
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.041 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of hydrogen injection strategy on the hydrogen mixture distribution and combustion of a gasoline/hydrogen SI engine under lean burn condition
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.197 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.250
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.250 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of hydrogen direct injection on natural gas/hydrogen engine performance under high compression-ratio conditions
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.176 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Study on homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion in argon circulated closed cycle hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.09.016 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of hydrogen injection coupled with high-energy ignition on the combustion stability of a lean-burn gasoline engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.08.294 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Experimental and simulation research on the lean combustion characteristics of direct-injection hydrogen engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.04.184 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engines: direct injection versus port-fuel injection
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.07.136 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of gasoline injection pressure and CO2 dilution on the hydrogen knock limit extension in a Hydrogen–Gasoline dual-fuel engine
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.02.388 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A comprehensive review on the utilization of hydrogen in low temperature combustion strategies: combustion, performance and emission attributes
10.1016/j.joei.2023.101511 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.joei.2024.101554
10.1016/j.joei.2024.101554 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103643
10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103643 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Extension of the lean operating limit for natural gas fueling of a spark ignited engine using hydrogen blending
10.1080/00102209708935620 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1115/1.2795764
10.1115/1.2795764 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Variable composition hydrogen/natural gas mixtures for increased engine efficiency and decreased emissions
10.1115/1.483191 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of injection and ignition timing on a hydrogen-lean stratified charge combustion engine
10.1177/14680874211034682 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Study of performance of SIE fueled with Supplementary hydrogen to gasoline
10.31026/j.eng.2006.04.09 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A comprehensive overview of hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines: Achievements and future challenges
10.3390/en14206504 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hydrogen Gas Blending in gasoline GDI Engines: Combustion Analysis and Emission Control
10.3390/thermo5020019 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sources of hydrocarbon emissions from a direct injection stratified charge spark ignition engine
10.4271/2000-01-1906 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Experimental evaluation of SI engine operation supplemented by hydrogen rich gas from a compact plasma boosted reformer
10.4271/2000-01-2206 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.4271/2003-01-0630
10.4271/2003-01-0630 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An investigation of the hydrogen addition effects to gasoline fueled spark ignition engine
10.4271/2007-01-1468 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.4271/2011-01-2001
10.4271/2011-01-2001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A hydrogen direct injection engine concept that exceeds US DOE light-duty efficiency targets
10.4271/2012-01-0653 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.4271/2023-01-0286
10.4271/2023-01-0286 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
