Research graph
References from Open-air drug markets and opioid-related overdose deaths. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Fixed-effects negative binomial regression models
10.1111/1467-9531.00117 · 2002 · External reference
Redesigning suburbia for walking and transit: emerging concepts
10.1061/(asce)0733-9488(1994)120:1(48) · 1994 · External reference
Examining the environmental characteristics of drug dealing locations
10.1177/0011128716649735 · 2017 · External reference
Examining public health crises: Arizona hotspots and neighborhood-level predictors of homicide, suicide, and overdose
10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103888 · 2026 · External reference
RACE, drugs, and policing: understanding disparities in drug delivery arrests
10.1111/j.1745-9125.2006.00044.x · 2006 · External reference
Drug use, drug possession arrests, and the question of race: lessons from Seattle
10.1525/sp.2005.52.3.419 · 2005 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Robberies in Chicago: a block-level analysis of the influence of crime generators, crime attractors, and offender anchor points
10.1177/0022427810384135 · 2011 · External reference
Competition in the black market: estimating the causal effect of gangs in Chicago
2021 · External reference
Examining drug enforcement by specialized police units in Chicago, 2009-2019
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.101905 · 2022 · External reference
Reducing organized criminal violence through leadership removals: evidence from the drug wars on Chicago's westside, 2010-2019
10.1080/0735648x.2022.2072366 · 2023 · External reference
Desperation on the battlefield, the ethnic security dilemma, or economic competition? Mass shootings in Chicago's gang wars, 2010–20
10.1093/bjc/azad010 · 2024 · External reference
Veto players and gun violence in drug markets: analysis based on field observations of eighty drug-selling spots on the westside of Chicago
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102295 · 2024 · External reference
Naloxone administration and survival in overdoses involving opioids and stimulants: an analysis of law enforcement data from 63 Pennsylvania counties
10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104678 · 2025 · External reference
A scoping review of law enforcement drug seizures and overdose mortality in the United States
10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104321 · 2024 · External reference
The protective effect of trusted dealers against opioid overdose in the U.S
10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102695 · 2020 · External reference
Geography's impact on the success of focused local drug enforcement operations
10.1016/0038-0121(93)90012-8 · 1993 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2024 · External reference
Can precision policing reduce gun violence? Evidence from “Gang Takedowns” in New York City
10.1002/pam.22323 · 2021 · External reference
Pharmacies and features of the built environment associated with opioid overdose: a geospatial comparison of rural and urban regions in Alabama, USA
10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102736 · 2020 · External reference
Examining the neighborhood-level socioeconomic characteristics associated with fatal overdose by type of drug involved and overdose setting
10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106555 · 2020 · External reference
Heroin in brown, Black and white: structural factors and medical consequences in the US heroin market
10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.08.003 · 2009 · External reference
Philadelphia's overdose response
2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2022 · External reference
A bargaining theory of criminal war
10.1093/isq/sqae083 · 2024 · External reference
Over the counter naloxone needed to save lives in the United States
10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105932 · 2020 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2021 · External reference
Associations between neighborhood‐level factors and opioid‐related mortality: a multi‐level analysis using death certificate data
10.1111/add.15009 · 2020 · External reference
Open drug markets, vulnerable neighbourhoods and gun violence in two Swedish cities
10.1080/18335330.2021.1889019 · 2021 · External reference
Criminogenic facilities and crime across street segments in Philadelphia: uncovering evidence about the spatial extent of facility influence
10.1177/0022427813512494 · 2014 · External reference
The fixed effects negative binomial model revisited
10.1016/j.econlet.2007.05.030 · 2008 · External reference
The association between county-level safety net treatment access and opioid hospitalizations and mortality in New York
10.1016/j.jsat.2019.02.004 · 2019 · External reference
Neighborhood ecology and drug dependence mortality: an analysis of New York city census tracts
10.1080/00952990600753966 · 2006 · External reference
Immediate and neighborhood contextual effects on intentional, accidental, and fatal drug overdoses in a non-urban jurisdiction
10.1080/01639625.2020.1756457 · 2021 · External reference
The urban built environment and overdose mortality in New York city neighborhoods
10.1016/j.healthplace.2004.02.005 · 2005 · External reference
Geography of poly-substance drug mortality
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102044 · 2023 · External reference
When does a drug market become a drug market? Finding the boundaries of illicit event concentrations
2013 · External reference
The ecology of overdose mortality in Philadelphia
10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102430 · 2020 · External reference
Evaluating the usefulness of functional distance measures when calibrating journey-to-crime distance decay functions
10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2004.10.002 · 2006 · External reference
CRACKDOWNS: the effects of intensive enforcement on retail heroin dealing
1988 · External reference
Law enforcement drug seizures and opioid-involved overdose mortality
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.1158 · 2025 · External reference
An economic analysis of a drug-selling gang's finances
10.1162/003355300554908 · 2000 · External reference
The geography of drug markets, drug crime and systemic gang violence—Open drug scenes in Sweden
10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.105119 · 2026 · External reference
A place-based spatial analysis of racial inequities in overdose in St. Louis county Missouri, United States
10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104611 · 2024 · External reference
Heroin-related overdose: the unexplored influences of markets, marketing and source-types in the United States
10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.06.032 · 2015 · External reference
Drug overdose death among residents of urban census tracts: how granular geographical analyses uncover socioenvironmental correlates in Cuyahoga County, Ohio
10.1007/s11524-024-00939-8 · 2025 · External reference
GEEKING up and throwing down: heroin street life in Detroit
10.1111/j.1745-9125.1986.tb01506.x · 1986 · External reference
A modified two-process knox test for investigating the relationship between law enforcement opioid seizures and overdoses
10.1098/rspa.2021.0195 · 2021 · External reference
Public mental health facility closures and criminal justice contact in Chicago
10.1111/1745-9133.12683 · 2025 · External reference
The geographic distribution of fentanyl-involved overdose deaths in cook county, Illinois
10.2105/ajph.2019.305368 · 2020 · External reference
Association of neighborhood characteristics and travel patterns with fatal drug overdoses
10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3823 · 2021 · External reference
Neighborhood and individual disparities in community-based naloxone access for opioid overdose prevention
10.1007/s11524-023-00821-z · 2024 · External reference
A qualitative exploration of harm reduction in practice by street-based peer outreach workers
10.1186/s12954-024-01076-w · 2024 · External reference
Using synthetic controls to estimate the population-level effects of Ontario's recently implemented overdose prevention sites and consumption and treatment services
10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103881 · 2022 · External reference
Drug overdoses, geographic trajectories, and the influence of built environment and neighborhood characteristics
10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102959 · 2023 · External reference
Spatiotemporal analysis exploring the effect of law enforcement drug market disruptions on overdose, Indianapolis, Indiana, 2020–2021
10.2105/ajph.2023.307291 · 2023 · External reference
Community care in reach: mobilizing harm reduction and addiction treatment services for vulnerable populations
10.3389/fpubh.2020.00501 · 2020 · External reference
Risks and prices: an economic analysis of drug enforcement
10.1086/449116 · 1986 · External reference
Risk factors for persistent fatal opioid-involved overdose clusters in Massachusetts 2011–2021: a spatial statistical analysis with socio-economic, accessibility, and prescription factors
10.1186/s12889-024-19399-5 · 2024 · External reference
Substance-abuse treatment and mortality
10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.12.008 · 2015 · External reference
Where size matters: agglomeration economies of illegal drug markets in Philadelphia
10.1080/07418820802593378 · 2009 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
The current community context of overdose deaths: relations among drug types, drug markets, and socioeconomic neighborhood characteristics1
10.1111/socf.12746 · 2021 · External reference
Policing drug hot spots: the Jersey City drug market analysis experiment
10.1080/07418829500096261 · 1995 · External reference
Distribution-free estimation of some nonlinear panel data models
10.1016/s0304-4076(98)00033-5 · 1999 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2010 · External reference
Walking distance by trip purpose and population subgroups
10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.015 · 2012 · External reference
Targeting community-based naloxone distribution using opioid overdose death rates: a descriptive analysis of naloxone rescue kits and opioid overdose deaths in Massachusetts and Rhode Island
10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103435 · 2021 · External reference
Geographically specific associations between county-level socioeconomic and household distress and mortality from drug poisoning, suicide, alcohol, and homicide among working-age adults in the United States
2024 · External reference
Association of neighborhood characteristics and travel patterns with fatal drug overdoses
10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3823 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Law enforcement drug seizures and opioid-involved overdose mortality
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.1158 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Can precision policing reduce gun violence? Evidence from “Gang Takedowns” in New York City
10.1002/pam.22323 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neighborhood and individual disparities in community-based naloxone access for opioid overdose prevention
10.1007/s11524-023-00821-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Drug overdose death among residents of urban census tracts: how granular geographical analyses uncover socioenvironmental correlates in Cuyahoga County, Ohio
10.1007/s11524-024-00939-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Geography's impact on the success of focused local drug enforcement operations
10.1016/0038-0121(93)90012-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Examining the neighborhood-level socioeconomic characteristics associated with fatal overdose by type of drug involved and overdose setting
10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106555 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Walking distance by trip purpose and population subgroups
10.1016/j.amepre.2012.03.015 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Examining public health crises: Arizona hotspots and neighborhood-level predictors of homicide, suicide, and overdose
10.1016/j.apgeog.2025.103888 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Evaluating the usefulness of functional distance measures when calibrating journey-to-crime distance decay functions
10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2004.10.002 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Heroin in brown, Black and white: structural factors and medical consequences in the US heroin market
10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.08.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The protective effect of trusted dealers against opioid overdose in the U.S
10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102695 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pharmacies and features of the built environment associated with opioid overdose: a geospatial comparison of rural and urban regions in Alabama, USA
10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102736 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Targeting community-based naloxone distribution using opioid overdose death rates: a descriptive analysis of naloxone rescue kits and opioid overdose deaths in Massachusetts and Rhode Island
10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103435 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Using synthetic controls to estimate the population-level effects of Ontario's recently implemented overdose prevention sites and consumption and treatment services
10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103881 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A scoping review of law enforcement drug seizures and overdose mortality in the United States
10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104321 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A place-based spatial analysis of racial inequities in overdose in St. Louis county Missouri, United States
10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104611 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Naloxone administration and survival in overdoses involving opioids and stimulants: an analysis of law enforcement data from 63 Pennsylvania counties
10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104678 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The geography of drug markets, drug crime and systemic gang violence—Open drug scenes in Sweden
10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.105119 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The fixed effects negative binomial model revisited
10.1016/j.econlet.2007.05.030 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The urban built environment and overdose mortality in New York city neighborhoods
10.1016/j.healthplace.2004.02.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The ecology of overdose mortality in Philadelphia
10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102430 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Drug overdoses, geographic trajectories, and the influence of built environment and neighborhood characteristics
10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102959 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Examining drug enforcement by specialized police units in Chicago, 2009-2019
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.101905 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Geography of poly-substance drug mortality
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2023.102044 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Veto players and gun violence in drug markets: analysis based on field observations of eighty drug-selling spots on the westside of Chicago
10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2024.102295 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Substance-abuse treatment and mortality
10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.12.008 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The association between county-level safety net treatment access and opioid hospitalizations and mortality in New York
10.1016/j.jsat.2019.02.004 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Heroin-related overdose: the unexplored influences of markets, marketing and source-types in the United States
10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.06.032 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Over the counter naloxone needed to save lives in the United States
10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105932 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Distribution-free estimation of some nonlinear panel data models
10.1016/s0304-4076(98)00033-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Redesigning suburbia for walking and transit: emerging concepts
10.1061/(asce)0733-9488(1994)120:1(48) · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neighborhood ecology and drug dependence mortality: an analysis of New York city census tracts
10.1080/00952990600753966 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Immediate and neighborhood contextual effects on intentional, accidental, and fatal drug overdoses in a non-urban jurisdiction
10.1080/01639625.2020.1756457 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Reducing organized criminal violence through leadership removals: evidence from the drug wars on Chicago's westside, 2010-2019
10.1080/0735648x.2022.2072366 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Where size matters: agglomeration economies of illegal drug markets in Philadelphia
10.1080/07418820802593378 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Policing drug hot spots: the Jersey City drug market analysis experiment
10.1080/07418829500096261 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Open drug markets, vulnerable neighbourhoods and gun violence in two Swedish cities
10.1080/18335330.2021.1889019 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Risks and prices: an economic analysis of drug enforcement
10.1086/449116 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Desperation on the battlefield, the ethnic security dilemma, or economic competition? Mass shootings in Chicago's gang wars, 2010–20
10.1093/bjc/azad010 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A bargaining theory of criminal war
10.1093/isq/sqae083 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A modified two-process knox test for investigating the relationship between law enforcement opioid seizures and overdoses
10.1098/rspa.2021.0195 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Fixed-effects negative binomial regression models
10.1111/1467-9531.00117 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Public mental health facility closures and criminal justice contact in Chicago
10.1111/1745-9133.12683 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Associations between neighborhood‐level factors and opioid‐related mortality: a multi‐level analysis using death certificate data
10.1111/add.15009 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
GEEKING up and throwing down: heroin street life in Detroit
10.1111/j.1745-9125.1986.tb01506.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
RACE, drugs, and policing: understanding disparities in drug delivery arrests
10.1111/j.1745-9125.2006.00044.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The current community context of overdose deaths: relations among drug types, drug markets, and socioeconomic neighborhood characteristics1
10.1111/socf.12746 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An economic analysis of a drug-selling gang's finances
10.1162/003355300554908 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Examining the environmental characteristics of drug dealing locations
10.1177/0011128716649735 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Robberies in Chicago: a block-level analysis of the influence of crime generators, crime attractors, and offender anchor points
10.1177/0022427810384135 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Criminogenic facilities and crime across street segments in Philadelphia: uncovering evidence about the spatial extent of facility influence
10.1177/0022427813512494 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Risk factors for persistent fatal opioid-involved overdose clusters in Massachusetts 2011–2021: a spatial statistical analysis with socio-economic, accessibility, and prescription factors
10.1186/s12889-024-19399-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A qualitative exploration of harm reduction in practice by street-based peer outreach workers
10.1186/s12954-024-01076-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Drug use, drug possession arrests, and the question of race: lessons from Seattle
10.1525/sp.2005.52.3.419 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The geographic distribution of fentanyl-involved overdose deaths in cook county, Illinois
10.2105/ajph.2019.305368 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Spatiotemporal analysis exploring the effect of law enforcement drug market disruptions on overdose, Indianapolis, Indiana, 2020–2021
10.2105/ajph.2023.307291 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Community care in reach: mobilizing harm reduction and addiction treatment services for vulnerable populations
10.3389/fpubh.2020.00501 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
