References

Unresolved reference

External reference

Sabiston Textbook of Surgery

2022 · External reference

CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer

10.1038/ng1834 · 2006 · External reference

The consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer

10.1038/nm.3967 · 2015 · External reference

Consensus molecular subtypes and the evolution of precision medicine in colorectal cancer

10.1038/nrc.2016.126 · 2017 · External reference

Risk Factors for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.1016/j.cgh.2021.01.037 · 2022 · External reference

Obesity and Colorectal Cancer

10.1007/978-3-319-42542-9_2 · 2016 · External reference

Low Prevalence of Criteria for Early Screening in Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer

10.1016/j.amepre.2017.07.016 · 2017 · External reference

Prevalence and Spectrum of Germline Cancer Susceptibility Gene Mutations Among Patients With Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.5194 · 2017 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Clinical and molecular characterization of early-onset colorectal cancer

10.1002/cncr.31994 · 2019 · External reference

Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of Early-Onset Stage III Colon Adenocarcinoma: An Analysis of the ACCENT Database

10.1093/jnci/djab123 · 2021 · External reference

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal, Version 1.2021

2021 · External reference

Very high risk of cancer in familial Peutz–Jeghers syndrome

10.1053/gast.2000.20228 · 2000 · External reference

The natural history of familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome: A 24 year review of a single center experience in screening, diagnosis, and outcomes

10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.09.033 · 2014 · External reference

Surgical treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis: dilemmas and current recommendations

10.3748/wjg.v20.i44.16620 · 2014 · External reference

Hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline endorsement of the familial risk-colorectal cancer: European Society for Medical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines

10.1200/jco.2014.58.1322 · 2015 · External reference

Hyperplastic Polyps and Sessile Serrated Adenomas as a Phenotypic Expression of MYH-Associated Polyposis

10.1053/j.gastro.2008.09.020 · 2008 · External reference

MYH mutations in patients with attenuated and classic polyposis and with young-onset colorectal cancer without polyps

10.1053/j.gastro.2004.03.070 · 2004 · External reference

Deficient DNA mismatch repair: a common etiologic factor for colon cancer

10.1093/hmg/10.7.735 · 2001 · External reference

Life-time risk of different cancers in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome

10.1002/ijc.2910640613 · 1995 · External reference

Segmental vs. extended colectomy: measurable differences in morbidity, function, and quality of life

10.1007/s10350-008-9325-1 · 2008 · External reference

Metachronous colorectal cancer risk for mismatch repair gene mutation carriers: the advantage of more extensive colon surgery

10.1136/gut.2010.228056 · 2011 · External reference

Pancreaticoduodenectomy for locally advanced colon cancer in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

10.1186/s12957-015-0755-7 · 2016 · External reference

Risks of Less Common Cancers in Proven Mutation Carriers With Lynch Syndrome

10.1200/jco.2012.43.2278 · 2012 · External reference

Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

10.1016/j.gtc.2022.05.003 · 2022 · External reference

Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: review of the evidence

10.1007/s10151-019-1926-2 · 2019 · External reference

Advances in Fecal Occult Blood Tests: the FIT revolution

10.1007/s10620-014-3445-3 · 2015 · External reference

Relative sensitivity of colonoscopy and barium enema for detection of colorectal cancer in clinical practice

10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70213-0 · 1997 · External reference

Multitarget stool DNA testing for colorectal-cancer screening

2014 · External reference

Colorectal cancer screening: An updated review of the available options

10.3748/wjg.v23.i28.5086 · 2017 · External reference

Gene expression signature to improve prognosis prediction of stage II and III colorectal cancer

10.1200/jco.2010.30.1077 · 2011 · External reference

Independent Validation of a Prognostic Genomic Signature (ColoPrint) for Patients With Stage II Colon Cancer

10.1097/sla.0b013e31827c1180 · 2013 · External reference

Genomic classifier ColoPrint predicts recurrence in stage II colorectal cancer patients more accurately than clinical factors

10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0325 · 2015 · External reference

Development and independent validation of a prognostic assay for stage II colon cancer using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue

10.1200/jco.2011.35.4498 · 2011 · External reference

A Possible Definition of Oligometastasis in Pancreatic Cancer and Associated Survival Outcomes

10.21873/anticanres.15189 · 2021 · External reference

Validation of the 12-gene colon cancer recurrence score in NSABP C-07 as a predictor of recurrence in patients with stage II and III colon cancer treated with fluorouracil and leucovorin (FU/LV) and FU/LV plus oxaliplatin

10.1200/jco.2012.47.3116 · 2013 · External reference

In Situ Cytotoxic and Memory T Cells Predict Outcome in Patients With Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer

10.1200/jco.2008.19.6147 · 2009 · External reference

Association of circulating tumor DNA dynamics with clinical outcomes in the adjuvant setting for patients with colorectal cancer from an observational GALAXY study in CIRCULATE-Japan

10.1200/jco.2022.40.4_suppl.009 · 2022 · External reference

Clinical Updates for Colon Cancer Care in 2022

2022 · External reference

Combined Analysis of Concordance between Liquid and Tumor Tissue Biopsies for RAS Mutations in Colorectal Cancer with a Single Metastasis Site: The METABEAM Study

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3677 · 2021 · External reference

Potential role of nuclear PD-L1 expression in cell-surface vimentin positive circulating tumor cells as a prognostic marker in cancer patients

10.1038/srep28910 · 2016 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Feasibility of preoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced, operable colon cancer: the pilot phase of a randomised controlled trial

10.1016/s1470-2045(12)70348-0 · 2012 · External reference

Preoperative Chemotherapy for Operable Colon Cancer: Mature Results of an International Randomized Controlled Trial

10.1200/jco.22.00046 · 2023 · External reference

Duration of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage III Colon Cancer

10.1056/nejmoa1713709 · 2018 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Total Neoadjuvant Therapy (TNT) versus Standard Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.1002/onco.13824 · 2021 · External reference

K-Ras mutations and treatment outcome in colorectal cancer patients receiving exclusive fluoropyrimidine therapy

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-4906 · 2008 · External reference

Microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: overview of its clinical significance and novel perspectives

2018 · External reference

O-8 Final overall survival for the phase 3 KN177 study: Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficient metastatic colorectal cancer

10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.012 · 2021 · External reference

Nivolumab in patients with metastatic DNA mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer (CheckMate 142): an open-label, multicentre, phase 2 study

10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30422-9 · 2017 · External reference

Role of oncogenic KRAS in the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

10.1186/s12943-021-01441-4 · 2021 · External reference

KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab

10.1200/jco.2007.12.5906 · 2008 · External reference

Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

10.1200/jco.2007.14.7116 · 2008 · External reference

Sotorasib for previously treated colorectal cancers with KRAS(G12C) mutation (CodeBreaK100): a prespecified analysis of a single-arm, phase 2 trial

10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00605-7 · 2022 · External reference

First-in-Human Phase I/IB Dose-Finding Study of Adagrasib (MRTX849) in Patients With Advanced KRAS(G12C) Solid Tumors (KRYSTAL-1)

10.1200/jco.21.02752 · 2022 · External reference

Wild-type BRAF is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer

10.1200/jco.2008.18.0786 · 2008 · External reference

Addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy as first-line treatment for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: pooled analysis of the CRYSTAL and OPUS randomised clinical trials

10.1016/j.ejca.2012.02.057 · 2012 · External reference

Predictive role of BRAF mutations in patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving cetuximab and panitumumab: a meta-analysis

10.1016/j.ejca.2015.01.054 · 2015 · External reference

Encorafenib Plus Cetuximab as a New Standard of Care for Previously Treated BRAF V600E-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Updated Survival Results and Subgroup Analyses from the BEACON Study

10.1200/jco.20.02088 · 2021 · External reference

Maintenance treatment with cetuximab versus observation in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: Results of the randomized phase II PRODIGE 28-time UNICANCER study

10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.15 · 2021 · External reference

Targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) oncogene in colorectal cancer

10.1093/annonc/mdy100 · 2018 · External reference

Colorectal cancer tumour markers and biomarkers: Recent therapeutic advances

10.3748/wjg.v22.i5.1745 · 2016 · External reference

Aspirin exerts high anti-cancer activity in PIK3CA-mutant colon cancer cells

10.18632/oncotarget.20972 · 2017 · External reference

Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase α-Selective Inhibition With Alpelisib (BYL719) in PIK3CA-Altered Solid Tumors: Results From the First-in-Human Study

10.1200/jco.2017.72.7107 · 2018 · External reference

Impact of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 alterations on tumor mutation burden (TMB) and PD-L1 expression in 1,057 microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) tumors

10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.3572 · 2018 · External reference

Defective mismatch repair as a predictive marker for lack of efficacy of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy in colon cancer

10.1200/jco.2009.27.1825 · 2010 · External reference

A large multicenter study evaluating prognosis and chemosensitivity of metastatic colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.3536 · 2017 · External reference

Correlation of tumour BRAF mutations and MLH1 methylation with germline mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation status: a literature review assessing utility of tumour features for MMR variant classification

10.1136/jmedgenet-2011-100714 · 2012 · External reference

High numbers of PDCD1 (PD-1)-positive T cells and B2M mutations in microsatellite-unstable colorectal cancer

10.1080/2162402x.2017.1390640 · 2018 · External reference

Expression of a mutant HSP110 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to chemotherapy and improves disease prognosis

10.1038/nm.2457 · 2011 · External reference

High SMAD4 levels appear in microsatellite instability and hypermethylated colon cancers, and indicate a better prognosis

10.1002/ijc.26473 · 2012 · External reference

Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for first-line treatment of advanced oesophageal cancer (KEYNOTE-590): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study

10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01234-4 · 2021 · External reference

First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial

10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00797-2 · 2021 · External reference

Adjuvant Nivolumab in Resected Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

10.1056/nejmoa2032125 · 2021 · External reference

Advances in targeted therapy for esophageal cancer

10.1038/s41392-020-00323-3 · 2020 · External reference

The 2019 WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system

10.1111/his.13975 · 2020 · External reference

Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinoma

10.1038/nature13480 · 2014 · External reference

Molecular analysis of gastric cancer identifies subtypes associated with distinct clinical outcomes

10.1038/nm.3850 · 2015 · External reference

Clinical significance of four molecular subtypes of gastric cancer identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas project

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2211 · 2017 · External reference

Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial

10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61121-x · 2010 · External reference

HER2 Testing and Clinical Decision Making in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, American Society for Clinical Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology

10.5858/arpa.2016-0331-cp · 2016 · External reference

Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab or Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone for Patients With First-line, Advanced Gastric Cancer: The KEYNOTE-062 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial

10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.3370 · 2020 · External reference

Nivolumab plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab in gastro-oesophageal cancer

10.1038/s41586-022-04508-4 · 2022 · External reference

Assessment of Pembrolizumab Therapy for the Treatment of Microsatellite Instability-High Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer Among Patients in the KEYNOTE-059, KEYNOTE-061, and KEYNOTE-062 Clinical Trials

10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.0275 · 2021 · External reference

Tumor mutational burden as a potential predictive marker for the efficacy of immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer

10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.324 · 2023 · External reference

Association of Tumor Mutational Burden with Efficacy of Pembrolizumab±Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy for Gastric Cancer in the Phase III KEYNOTE-062 Study

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0121 · 2022 · External reference

Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: Etiology, Presentation, and Molecular Alterations

10.6004/jnccn.2019.7344 · 2019 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

ERBB2 gene as a potential therapeutic target in small bowel adenocarcinoma

10.1016/j.ejca.2014.04.007 · 2014 · External reference

Exome-wide somatic mutation characterization of small bowel adenocarcinoma

10.1371/journal.pgen.1007200 · 2018 · External reference

Extensive molecular reclassification: new perspectives in small bowel adenocarcinoma?

10.1007/s12032-021-01468-z · 2021 · External reference

Asparagine Metabolism in Tumors Is Linked to Poor Survival in Females with Colorectal Cancer: A Cohort Study

10.3390/metabo12020164 · 2022 · External reference

Lipid Metabolism in Biliary Tract Cancer: A New Therapeutic Target?

10.1245/s10434-022-11383-w · 2022 · External reference

The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer

10.1038/nrmicro3344 · 2014 · External reference

Human intestinal lumen and mucosa-associated microbiota in patients with colorectal cancer

10.1371/journal.pone.0039743 · 2012 · External reference

Gut Microbiota, Inflammation, and Colorectal Cancer

10.1146/annurev-micro-102215-095513 · 2016 · External reference

Fusobacterium nucleatum potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment

10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.007 · 2013 · External reference

Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Chemoresistance to Colorectal Cancer by Modulating Autophagy

10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.008 · 2017 · External reference