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References from Multi-objective constructal designs of a radiator with rectangular cooling channels and porous fins via composite-function, ANN and NSGA-II. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
A comprehensive review on advanced microchannel cooling technologies: two-phase thermal management and machine learning applications
2025 · External reference
Microchannel heat sinks for cold plate liquid cooling in data centers: advances, evaluations and prospects
10.1016/j.rser.2026.116729 · 2026 · External reference
A review of recent research on phase change cooling for lithium-ion batteries
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128407 · 2026 · External reference
Analysis of heat transfer characteristics of pin-fin heat sinks under natural and forced convection. A review
10.56815/ijmrr.v5i3.2026.105-114 · 2026 · External reference
Constructal-theory network of conducting paths for cooling a heat generating volume
10.1016/0017-9310(96)00175-5 · 1997 · External reference
Thermodynamic optimization of flow geometry in mechanical and civil engineering
10.1515/jnetdy.2001.022.1 · 2001 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2008 · External reference
Constructal law of design and evolution: physics, biology, and society
10.1063/1.4798429 · 2013 · External reference
Progress in study on constructal theory and its applications
10.1007/s11431-011-4701-9 · 2012 · External reference
Progress of constructal theory in China over the past decade
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.10.064 · 2019 · External reference
Vascular systems for the thermal and hygric management
10.1016/bs.aiht.2021.06.005 · 2021 · External reference
Discrete svelteness: evaluating flow structures in generative constructal design
10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105459 · 2025 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2026 · External reference
Shaken, not stirred, mixing evolves to order
10.1016/j.biosystems.2026.105730 · 2026 · External reference
Evolution of the constructal design application on fins and cavities as a passive element for heat transfer problems
2026 · External reference
High-performance heat sinking for VLSI
10.1109/edl.1981.25367 · 1981 · External reference
Analysis of two-layered micro-channel heat sink concept in electronic cooling
10.1016/s0017-9310(98)00017-9 · 1999 · External reference
Constructal cooling channels for micro-channel heat sinks
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.02.019 · 2007 · External reference
Constructal optimization of microchannel heat sinks with noncircular cross sections
10.1080/01457632.2012.746552 · 2013 · External reference
Arrays of flow channels with heat transfer embedded in conducting walls
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.03.123 · 2016 · External reference
Constructal design of circular multilayer microchannel heat sinks
10.1115/1.4041196 · 2019 · External reference
Constructal design and experimental validation of a non-uniform heat generating body with rectangular cross-section and parallel circular cooling channels
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119028 · 2020 · External reference
Constructal heat transfer and fluid flow enhancement optimization for cylindrical microcooling channels with variable cross-section
10.1002/htj.22202 · 2021 · External reference
Constructal design for tree-shaped compound heat transfer channel in a disc heat generation body
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2022.105929 · 2022 · External reference
Constructal optimizations of liquid-cooled channels with triangle or square sections in a cylindrical heating body
10.3390/math11020357 · 2023 · External reference
Constructal design of a hybrid heat sink with rectangular microchannel and porous fin in a 3D electronic device with artificial neural-network, NSGA-II and different decision-making methods
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.107954 · 2024 · External reference
Experimental and numerical analysis of a novel constructal design for canopy-to-canopy liquid cooling systems
10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109918 · 2025 · External reference
Optimal designs of hybrid jet impingement microchannel heat sink across various pumping powers: a deep-learning approach
2025 · External reference
Multi-objective constructal designs of composite heatsinks with microchannel and inner cylindrical porous-fin
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110327 · 2026 · External reference
Constructal design of multi-inlet flat plate cooling systems: experimental analysis and numerical simulations
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.111726 · 2026 · External reference
Numerical investigation of constructal flow paths for enhanced cooling of a solid square substrate
10.1002/htj.70165 · 2026 · External reference
Analysis of dispersion effects and non-thermal equilibrium, non-Darcian, variable porosity incompressible flow through porous media
10.1016/0017-9310(94)90219-4 · 1994 · External reference
Analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer interfacial conditions between a porous medium and a fluid layer
10.1016/s0017-9310(00)00217-9 · 2001 · External reference
Constructal trees of convective fins
10.1115/1.2826032 · 1999 · External reference
Constructal design of Y-shaped assembly of fins
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.05.019 · 2006 · External reference
Leaflike architecture for cooling a flat body
10.1063/1.3176941 · 2009 · External reference
Constructal design progress for eight types of heat sinks
10.1007/s11431-019-1469-1 · 2020 · External reference
Geometric optimization of a highly conductive insert intruding an annular fin
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118910 · 2020 · External reference
Impact of a hot constructal tree-shaped fin on the convection flow of single wall carbon nanotube water nanofluid inside a sinusoidal enclosure
2022 · External reference
Evolutionary design with freedom-fin shapes and entrance length channels for heat sinks
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2023.106946 · 2023 · External reference
Constructal design of two-stage combined T-Y fins considering minimization of maximum thermal resistance
2025 · External reference
Proposal of two kinds of composite heat-dissipation structures composed of high-conductivity-channels and T-shaped fins and their constructal designs
10.1016/j.csite.2025.107117 · 2025 · External reference
A new composite heat-dissipation structure consists of phi-shaped high-thermal-conductivity and T-shaped fin and its constructal designs
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128526 · 2026 · External reference
Comparative study of constructal fins for phase change material melting in triplex tube latent thermal energy storage
2026 · External reference
10.1063/1.3516287
10.1063/1.3516287 · External reference
Thermal analysis of a constructal T-shaped porous fin with radiation effects
10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2011.04.003 · 2011 · External reference
Thermal analysis of a constructal T-shaped porous fin with simultaneous heat and mass transfer
10.1016/j.cjche.2017.03.034 · 2017 · External reference
Constructal design of a rectangular porous fin considering minimization of maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption
10.1007/s11431-023-2495-y · 2024 · External reference
Design of a multi-scale cylindrical porous fin based on constructal theory
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.107352 · 2024 · External reference
Constructal design of a T-shaped porous fin adopting minimum composite function, ANN and NSGA-II
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108581 · 2025 · External reference
A proposed two-stage 3D T-shaped porous-fin model and multi-objective constructal designs for it via composite-function, NSGA-II and ANN
2025 · External reference
Constructal designs for Y-shaped porous ribs under forced convection via minimum composite-function and bi-objective optimization
2026 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1996 · External reference
Finite time thermodynamic optimization or entropy generation minimization of energy systems
10.1515/jnetdy.1999.020 · 1999 · External reference
Entropy-generation-minimization path for one-way isothermal and isobaric mass-transport-processes with mass-resistance and mass-leakage
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126211 · 2024 · External reference
Thermodynamic optimization for dye-sensitized solar cell-thermoelectric generator hybrid device with external and internal irreversibilities
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128490 · 2026 · External reference
Novel converging-diverging microchannel heat sink with porous fins for combined thermo-hydraulic performance
10.1063/5.0118700 · 2022 · External reference
Heat effects in capillary flow I
10.1007/bf00411976 · 1951 · External reference
Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modelling of the coking process in a laboratory-scale coking chamber
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.132485 · 2026 · External reference
Numerical investigation of a novel micro-combustor with geometrically stretched and twisted channels for enhanced thermo-photovoltaic system performance
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.130230 · 2026 · External reference
Heat transfer and flow characteristics of microchannels with solid and porous ribs
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115639 · 2020 · External reference
Constructal design for H-shaped compound heat transfer path in a rectangular heat generation body
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.125442 · 2024 · External reference
Constructal design of printed circuit recuperator for S-CO2 cycle via multiobjective optimization algorithm
10.1007/s11431-023-2500-x · 2024 · External reference
Constructal design of a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel in a three-dimensional electronic device
10.1007/s11431-023-2530-3 · 2024 · External reference
Multi-objective constructal designs for fork-shaped cavities with minimizing maximum-temperature-difference and entropy-generation-rate
2025 · External reference
Constructal thermodynamic multi-objective- optimization for a dual-pressure solar ocean thermal-energy-conversion system with NGSA-II algorithm and three decision-making approaches
10.1016/j.csite.2025.107091 · 2025 · External reference
Efficient power performance analyses and multi-objective optimizations for closed regenerative gas turbine cycle based on five objectives and NSGA-II
10.1016/j.energy.2025.135919 · 2025 · External reference
Equivalent combined cycle modelling for three-heat-reservoir thermal Brownian heat pump with heat-transfer effect and its optimal performance
10.1007/s11431-024-2751-1 · 2025 · External reference
Efficient ecological function optimization for endoreversible Carnot heat pumps
10.1515/jnet-2024-0061 · 2025 · External reference
Exergy-based ecological performance analyses and multi-objective optimizations for an endoreversible three-reservoir chemical potential transformer
10.1016/j.csite.2026.107834 · 2026 · External reference
Ecological performance analyses and multi-objective optimizations for thermal-Brownian-engine with external heat-transfer
10.1515/jnet-2025-0083 · 2026 · External reference
An air-standard isothermal-heating modified Atkinson-cycle and its performance optimizations with five objectives and NSGA-II
10.1515/jnet-2025-0039 · 2026 · External reference
Analyses of cost of energy and multi-objective optimizations for single-stage thermoelectric coolers
2026 · External reference
Physical solutions for hydrogen storage: an overview
10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128075 · 2026 · External reference
Novel bionic honeycomb micro combustor with hydrogen/air premixed combustion for photovoltaic systems
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.132037 · 2026 · External reference
Multi-objective optimization of micro-jets cooling with piezoelectrical actuator for heat transfer enhancement
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.130791 · 2026 · External reference
Constructal heat transfer and fluid flow enhancement optimization for cylindrical microcooling channels with variable cross-section
10.1002/htj.22202 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Numerical investigation of constructal flow paths for enhanced cooling of a solid square substrate
10.1002/htj.70165 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Heat effects in capillary flow I
10.1007/bf00411976 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Progress in study on constructal theory and its applications
10.1007/s11431-011-4701-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design progress for eight types of heat sinks
10.1007/s11431-019-1469-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of a rectangular porous fin considering minimization of maximum temperature difference and pumping power consumption
10.1007/s11431-023-2495-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of printed circuit recuperator for S-CO2 cycle via multiobjective optimization algorithm
10.1007/s11431-023-2500-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of a rectangular parallel phase change microchannel in a three-dimensional electronic device
10.1007/s11431-023-2530-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Equivalent combined cycle modelling for three-heat-reservoir thermal Brownian heat pump with heat-transfer effect and its optimal performance
10.1007/s11431-024-2751-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Analysis of dispersion effects and non-thermal equilibrium, non-Darcian, variable porosity incompressible flow through porous media
10.1016/0017-9310(94)90219-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal-theory network of conducting paths for cooling a heat generating volume
10.1016/0017-9310(96)00175-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Vascular systems for the thermal and hygric management
10.1016/bs.aiht.2021.06.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Physical solutions for hydrogen storage: an overview
10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128075 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Heat transfer and flow characteristics of microchannels with solid and porous ribs
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115639 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Numerical investigation of a novel micro-combustor with geometrically stretched and twisted channels for enhanced thermo-photovoltaic system performance
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.130230 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Multi-objective optimization of micro-jets cooling with piezoelectrical actuator for heat transfer enhancement
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.130791 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Novel bionic honeycomb micro combustor with hydrogen/air premixed combustion for photovoltaic systems
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.132037 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modelling of the coking process in a laboratory-scale coking chamber
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.132485 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Discrete svelteness: evaluating flow structures in generative constructal design
10.1016/j.biosystems.2025.105459 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Shaken, not stirred, mixing evolves to order
10.1016/j.biosystems.2026.105730 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thermal analysis of a constructal T-shaped porous fin with simultaneous heat and mass transfer
10.1016/j.cjche.2017.03.034 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal thermodynamic multi-objective- optimization for a dual-pressure solar ocean thermal-energy-conversion system with NGSA-II algorithm and three decision-making approaches
10.1016/j.csite.2025.107091 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proposal of two kinds of composite heat-dissipation structures composed of high-conductivity-channels and T-shaped fins and their constructal designs
10.1016/j.csite.2025.107117 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Exergy-based ecological performance analyses and multi-objective optimizations for an endoreversible three-reservoir chemical potential transformer
10.1016/j.csite.2026.107834 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Efficient power performance analyses and multi-objective optimizations for closed regenerative gas turbine cycle based on five objectives and NSGA-II
10.1016/j.energy.2025.135919 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design for tree-shaped compound heat transfer channel in a disc heat generation body
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2022.105929 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Evolutionary design with freedom-fin shapes and entrance length channels for heat sinks
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2023.106946 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Design of a multi-scale cylindrical porous fin based on constructal theory
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.107352 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of a hybrid heat sink with rectangular microchannel and porous fin in a 3D electronic device with artificial neural-network, NSGA-II and different decision-making methods
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.107954 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of a T-shaped porous fin adopting minimum composite function, ANN and NSGA-II
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.108581 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Multi-objective constructal designs of composite heatsinks with microchannel and inner cylindrical porous-fin
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110327 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of multi-inlet flat plate cooling systems: experimental analysis and numerical simulations
10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.111726 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of Y-shaped assembly of fins
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2006.05.019 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal cooling channels for micro-channel heat sinks
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.02.019 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Arrays of flow channels with heat transfer embedded in conducting walls
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.03.123 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Progress of constructal theory in China over the past decade
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.10.064 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Geometric optimization of a highly conductive insert intruding an annular fin
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118910 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design and experimental validation of a non-uniform heat generating body with rectangular cross-section and parallel circular cooling channels
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119028 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design for H-shaped compound heat transfer path in a rectangular heat generation body
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.125442 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Entropy-generation-minimization path for one-way isothermal and isobaric mass-transport-processes with mass-resistance and mass-leakage
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126211 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A review of recent research on phase change cooling for lithium-ion batteries
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128407 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thermodynamic optimization for dye-sensitized solar cell-thermoelectric generator hybrid device with external and internal irreversibilities
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128490 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A new composite heat-dissipation structure consists of phi-shaped high-thermal-conductivity and T-shaped fin and its constructal designs
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128526 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thermal analysis of a constructal T-shaped porous fin with radiation effects
10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2011.04.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Experimental and numerical analysis of a novel constructal design for canopy-to-canopy liquid cooling systems
10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109918 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Microchannel heat sinks for cold plate liquid cooling in data centers: advances, evaluations and prospects
10.1016/j.rser.2026.116729 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer interfacial conditions between a porous medium and a fluid layer
10.1016/s0017-9310(00)00217-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Analysis of two-layered micro-channel heat sink concept in electronic cooling
10.1016/s0017-9310(98)00017-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Leaflike architecture for cooling a flat body
10.1063/1.3176941 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1063/1.3516287
10.1063/1.3516287 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal law of design and evolution: physics, biology, and society
10.1063/1.4798429 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Novel converging-diverging microchannel heat sink with porous fins for combined thermo-hydraulic performance
10.1063/5.0118700 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal optimization of microchannel heat sinks with noncircular cross sections
10.1080/01457632.2012.746552 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
High-performance heat sinking for VLSI
10.1109/edl.1981.25367 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal trees of convective fins
10.1115/1.2826032 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal design of circular multilayer microchannel heat sinks
10.1115/1.4041196 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Efficient ecological function optimization for endoreversible Carnot heat pumps
10.1515/jnet-2024-0061 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An air-standard isothermal-heating modified Atkinson-cycle and its performance optimizations with five objectives and NSGA-II
10.1515/jnet-2025-0039 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ecological performance analyses and multi-objective optimizations for thermal-Brownian-engine with external heat-transfer
10.1515/jnet-2025-0083 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Finite time thermodynamic optimization or entropy generation minimization of energy systems
10.1515/jnetdy.1999.020 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Thermodynamic optimization of flow geometry in mechanical and civil engineering
10.1515/jnetdy.2001.022.1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constructal optimizations of liquid-cooled channels with triangle or square sections in a cylindrical heating body
10.3390/math11020357 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Analysis of heat transfer characteristics of pin-fin heat sinks under natural and forced convection. A review
10.56815/ijmrr.v5i3.2026.105-114 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
