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References from Exercise-induced protein lactylation: From molecular mechanisms to precision health applications. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Metabolic regulation of gene expression by histone lactylation
10.1038/s41586-019-1678-1 · 2019 · External reference
The Warburg Effect: How Does it Benefit Cancer Cells?
10.1016/j.tibs.2015.12.001 · 2016 · External reference
Lactate metabolism in human health and disease
10.1038/s41392-022-01151-3 · 2022 · External reference
Resistance Exercise Training in Individuals With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: 2023 Update: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
10.1161/cir.0000000000001189 · 2024 · External reference
Exercise mitigates age-related metabolic diseases by improving mitochondrial dysfunction
10.1016/j.arr.2023.102087 · 2023 · External reference
The effect of physical exercise on anticancer immunity
10.1038/s41577-023-00943-0 · 2024 · External reference
Comparative efficacy of various exercise interventions on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
10.1016/j.jshs.2021.05.003 · 2022 · External reference
Lactate in contemporary biology: a phoenix risen
10.1113/jp280955 · 2022 · External reference
Warburg effect and lactylation in cancer: mechanisms for chemoresistance
10.1186/s10020-025-01205-6 · 2025 · External reference
Functional analysis of protein post-translational modifications using genetic codon expansion
10.1002/pro.4618 · 2023 · External reference
Protein lysine acylation and cysteine succination by intermediates of energy metabolism
10.1021/cb3001793 · 2012 · External reference
The role and mechanism of histone lactylation in health and diseases
10.3389/fgene.2022.949252 · 2022 · External reference
Non-enzymatic Lysine Lactoylation of Glycolytic Enzymes
10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.11.005 · 2020 · External reference
Class I histone deacetylases (HDAC1-3) are histone lysine delactylases
10.1126/sciadv.abi6696 · 2022 · External reference
SIRT3-dependent delactylation of cyclin E2 prevents hepatocellular carcinoma growth
10.15252/embr.202256052 · 2023 · External reference
Structural rearrangements of the histone octamer translocate DNA
10.1038/s41467-018-03677-z · 2018 · External reference
H3-H4 Histone Chaperone Pathways
10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031547 · 2018 · External reference
Histone and non-histone lactylation: molecular mechanisms, biological functions, diseases, and therapeutic targets
10.1186/s43556-025-00275-6 · 2025 · External reference
Exercise improves cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation in mice through Histone H3 lactylation in microglia
10.1186/s12979-023-00390-4 · 2023 · External reference
Endothelial Cell-Derived Lactate Triggers Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell Histone Lactylation to Attenuate Osteoporosis
10.1002/advs.202301300 · 2023 · External reference
Lactate promotes myogenesis via activating H3K9 lactylation-dependent up-regulation of Neu2 expression
10.1002/jcsm.13363 · 2023 · External reference
Uncovering ubiquitous protein lactylation
10.1038/s41592-022-01536-w · 2022 · External reference
Ubiquitous protein lactylation in health and diseases
10.1186/s11658-024-00541-5 · 2024 · External reference
Cyclic immonium ion of lactyllysine reveals widespread lactylation in the human proteome
10.1038/s41592-022-01523-1 · 2022 · External reference
Lactylation of PKM2 Suppresses Inflammatory Metabolic Adaptation in Pro-inflammatory Macrophages
10.7150/ijbs.75434 · 2022 · External reference
High-intensity interval training induces lactylation of fatty acid synthase to inhibit lipid synthesis
10.1186/s12915-023-01698-9 · 2023 · External reference
Effects of moderate intensity exercise on liver metabolism in mice based on multi-omics analysis
2024 · External reference
Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on Blood Lactate Levels and Cognition in Healthy Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression
10.1007/s40279-023-01815-2 · 2023 · External reference
The dose-response relationship between interval-training and VO2max in well-trained endurance runners: A systematic review
10.1080/02640414.2021.1876313 · 2021 · External reference
Effect of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on blood lactate clearance after high-intensity test in adult men
2024 · External reference
High-Intensity Interval Training Induces Protein Lactylation in Different Tissues of Mice with Specificity and Time Dependence
10.3390/metabo13050647 · 2023 · External reference
The effects of long-term lactate and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on brain neuroplasticity of aged mice
2024 · External reference
Reliability of blood lactate as a measure of exercise intensity in different strains of mice during forced treadmill running
10.1371/journal.pone.0215584 · 2019 · External reference
Skeletal muscle AMPK is not activated during 2 h of moderate intensity exercise at ∼65% V˙O2peak in endurance trained men
10.1113/jp277619 · 2020 · External reference
Maximizing Cellular Adaptation to Endurance Exercise in Skeletal Muscle
10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.014 · 2018 · External reference
Physical exercise mediates cortical synaptic protein lactylation to improve stress resilience
10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.018 · 2024 · External reference
Exercise training decreases lactylation and prevents myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting YTHDF2
10.1007/s00395-024-01044-2 · 2024 · External reference
Potential Mechanisms for a Role of Metabolic Stress in Hypertrophic Adaptations to Resistance Training
10.1007/s40279-013-0017-1 · 2013 · External reference
Beyond Mechanical Tension: A Review of Resistance Exercise-Induced Lactate Responses & Muscle Hypertrophy
10.3390/jfmk7040081 · 2022 · External reference
Exercise and physical activity in cirrhosis: opportunities or perils
10.1152/japplphysiol.00798.2019 · 2020 · External reference
Acute physiological responses with varying load or time under tension during a squat exercise: A randomized cross-over design
10.1016/j.jsams.2020.07.015 · 2021 · External reference
Acute and Chronic Resistance Training, Acute Endurance Exercise, nor Physiologically Plausible Lactate In Vitro Affect Skeletal Muscle Lactylation
10.3390/ijms252212216 · 2024 · External reference
Resistance training in humans and mechanical overload in rodents do not elevate muscle protein lactylation
10.3389/fphys.2023.1281702 · 2023 · External reference
Mechanical loading induces the expression of a Pol I regulon at the onset of skeletal muscle hypertrophy
10.1152/ajpcell.00460.2011 · 2012 · External reference
Hypoxia induces mitochondrial protein lactylation to limit oxidative phosphorylation
10.1038/s41422-023-00864-6 · 2024 · External reference
ULK1-mediated metabolic reprogramming regulates Vps34 lipid kinase activity by its lactylation
10.1126/sciadv.adg4993 · 2023 · External reference
Lactate as a fulcrum of metabolism
10.1016/j.redox.2020.101454 · 2020 · External reference
Exercise-induced endothelial Mecp2 lactylation suppresses atherosclerosis via the Ereg/MAPK signalling pathway
10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.05.009 · 2023 · External reference
Histone Lactylation Antagonizes Senescence and Skeletal Muscle Aging by Modulating Aging-Related Pathways
10.1002/advs.202412747 · 2025 · External reference
Enzymatic activation of pyruvate kinase increases cytosolic oxaloacetate to inhibit the Warburg effect
10.1038/s42255-021-00424-5 · 2021 · External reference
Acute and severe hypobaric hypoxia increases oxidative stress and impairs mitochondrial function in mouse skeletal muscle
10.1152/japplphysiol.01324.2004 · 2005 · External reference
The Science and Translation of Lactate Shuttle Theory
10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.008 · 2018 · External reference
Hexokinase II promotes the Warburg effect by phosphorylating alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase
10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.03.14 · 2019 · External reference
Skeletal muscle undergoes fiber type metabolic switch without myosin heavy chain switch in response to defective fatty acid oxidation
10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101456 · 2022 · External reference
The Regulation of Fat Metabolism During Aerobic Exercise
10.3390/biom10121699 · 2020 · External reference
Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism
10.1038/nature07976 · 2009 · External reference
Lactate as a myokine and exerkine: drivers and signals of physiology and metabolism
10.1152/japplphysiol.00497.2022 · 2023 · External reference
Methyl-CpG-binding 2 K271 lactylation-mediated M2 macrophage polarization inhibits atherosclerosis
10.7150/thno.94738 · 2024 · External reference
Muscle-derived small extracellular vesicles induce liver fibrosis during overtraining
10.1016/j.cmet.2024.12.005 · 2025 · External reference
Multi-omics study on the effect of moderate-intensity exercise on protein lactylation in mouse muscle tissue
2024 · External reference
An autocrine lactate loop mediates insulin-dependent inhibition of lipolysis through GPR81
10.1016/j.cmet.2010.02.012 · 2010 · External reference
Involvement of the metabolic sensor GPR81 in cardiovascular control
10.1172/jci.insight.92564 · 2017 · External reference
Single-cell RNA sequencing integrated with bulk RNA sequencing analysis reveals the protective effects of lactate-mediated lactylation of microglia-related proteins on spinal cord injury
10.1111/cns.70028 · 2024 · External reference
Lactylation, an emerging hallmark of metabolic reprogramming: Current progress and open challenges
2022 · External reference
Lactylation: a Passing Fad or the Future of Posttranslational Modification
10.1007/s10753-022-01637-w · 2022 · External reference
Potential biomarker for diagnosis and therapy of sepsis: Lactylation
10.1002/iid3.1042 · 2023 · External reference
Lactate: the ugly duckling of energy metabolism
10.1038/s42255-020-0243-4 · 2020 · External reference
A computational model of skeletal muscle metabolism linking cellular adaptations induced by altered loading states to metabolic responses during exercise
2007 · External reference
Quantification of lactoyl-CoA (lactyl-CoA) by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in mammalian cells and tissues
10.1098/rsob.200187 · 2020 · External reference
Identification of lysine succinylation as a new post-translational modification
10.1038/nchembio.495 · 2011 · External reference
SIRT2 functions as a histone delactylase and inhibits the proliferation and migration of neuroblastoma cells
10.1038/s41421-022-00398-y · 2022 · External reference
The regulatory enzymes and protein substrates for the lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation pathway
2021 · External reference
Lactylation-driven METTL3-mediated RNA m6A modification promotes immunosuppression of tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells
10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.033 · 2022 · External reference
Histone lactylation drives oncogenesis by facilitating m6A reader protein YTHDF2 expression in ocular melanoma
10.1186/s13059-021-02308-z · 2021 · External reference
Global Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Human Skeletal Muscle Reveals a Network of Exercise-Regulated Kinases and AMPK Substrates
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.09.001 · 2015 · External reference
Post-translational Modifications: The Signals at the Intersection of Exercise, Glucose Uptake, and Insulin Sensitivity
10.1210/endrev/bnab038 · 2022 · External reference
Lactylation stabilizes TFEB to elevate autophagy and lysosomal activity
10.1083/jcb.202308099 · 2024 · External reference
Lactylation of tau in human Alzheimer’s disease brains
2025 · External reference
Exercise metabolism and adaptation in skeletal muscle
10.1038/s41580-023-00606-x · 2023 · External reference
Lactylation of mTOR enhances autophagy in skeletal muscle during exercise
10.1016/j.chembiol.2025.10.007 · 2025 · External reference
Beneficial effects of physical exercise on neuroplasticity and cognition
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.005 · 2013 · External reference
Transcriptional Expression of Histone Acetyltransferases and Deacetylases During the Recovery of Acute Exercise in Mouse Hippocampus
10.1007/s12031-024-02215-5 · 2024 · External reference
Exercise benefits in cardiovascular diseases: from mechanisms to clinical implementation
10.1093/eurheartj/ehad170 · 2023 · External reference
Exercise-Mediated Browning of White Adipose Tissue: Its Significance, Mechanism and Effectiveness
10.3390/ijms222111512 · 2021 · External reference
Dietary Lactate Supplementation Protects against Obesity by Promoting Adipose Browning in Mice
10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05899 · 2020 · External reference
α-myosin heavy chain lactylation maintains sarcomeric structure and function and alleviates the development of heart failure
10.1038/s41422-023-00844-w · 2023 · External reference
Exercise as a tool to mitigate metabolic disease
10.1152/ajpcell.00144.2024 · 2024 · External reference
Mechanisms for Regulatory Effects of Exercise on Metabolic Diseases from the Lactate-Lactylation Perspective
10.3390/ijms26083469 · 2025 · External reference
Lactate and the GPR81 receptor in metabolic regulation: implications for adipose tissue function and fatty acid utilisation by muscle during exercise
10.1017/s0007114511004673 · 2011 · External reference
The mitochondrial multi-omic response to exercise training across rat tissues
10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.021 · 2024 · External reference
Sexual dimorphism and the multi-omic response to exercise training in rat subcutaneous white adipose tissue
10.1038/s42255-023-00959-9 · 2024 · External reference
A β-hydroxybutyrate shunt pathway generates anti-obesity ketone metabolites
10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.032 · 2025 · External reference
A Perspective on High-Intensity Interval Training for Performance and Health
10.1007/s40279-023-01938-6 · 2023 · External reference
Greater Relative First and Second Lactate Thresholds in Females Compared With Males: Consideration for Exercise Prescription
10.1123/ijspp.2024-0079 · 2025 · External reference
Maximal heart rates and plasma lactate concentrations observed in middle-aged men and women during a maximal cycle ergometer test
10.1007/bf00235107 · 1993 · External reference
Reassembling the Field-based Applicability of the Lactate Threshold for Old Age
10.1055/a-2328-3845 · 2024 · External reference
Maximal accumulated oxygen deficit expressed relative to the active muscle mass for cycling in untrained male and female subjects
10.1007/s004210000214 · 2000 · External reference
Lactate-induced lactylation in skeletal muscle is associated with insulin resistance in humans
10.3389/fphys.2022.951390 · 2022 · External reference
Association of blood lactate with type 2 diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Carotid MRI Study
10.1093/ije/dyq126 · 2010 · External reference
Efficacy of high-intensity interval training in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
10.1111/dom.16220 · 2025 · External reference
Bradykinin, insulin, and glycemia responses to exercise performed above and below lactate threshold in individuals with type 2 diabetes
10.1590/1414-431x20176400 · 2017 · External reference
Maximum Heart Rate- and Lactate Threshold-Based Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training Prescriptions Provide Similar Health Benefits in Metabolic Syndrome Patients
2023 · External reference
3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, a specific agonist for hydroxycarboxylic acid 1, inhibits lipolysis in adipocytes
10.1124/jpet.112.192799 · 2012 · External reference
DCA Protects against Oxidation Injury Attributed to Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion by Regulating Glycolysis through PDK2-PDH-Nrf2 Axis
10.1155/2021/5173035 · 2021 · External reference
Chlorogenic Acid Improves High-Fat Diet-Induced Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Disorders by Regulating Mitochondrial Function and Lactate Metabolism
10.1021/acs.jafc.5c03967 · 2025 · External reference
Gallic Acid Ameliorates Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Inflexibility by Regulating Lactate Metabolism and Promoting Mitochondrial Function
10.1002/mnfr.70106 · 2025 · External reference
Enhanced glycolysis-derived lactate promotes microglial activation in Parkinson’s disease via histone lactylation
10.1038/s41531-024-00858-0 · 2025 · External reference
Histone acetyltransferases CBP/p300 in tumorigenesis and CBP/p300 inhibitors as promising novel anticancer agents
10.7150/thno.73223 · 2022 · External reference
The role of lactate-induced protein lactylation in gliomas: implications for preclinical research and the development of new treatments
2024 · External reference
Metformin: update on mechanisms of action and repurposing potential
10.1038/s41574-023-00833-4 · 2023 · External reference
A review of lactate-lactylation in malignancy: its potential in immunotherapy
10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384948 · 2024 · External reference
Histone lactylation regulates cancer progression by reshaping the tumor microenvironment
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284344 · 2023 · External reference
Lactate-induced lactylation: from basic research to clinical perspectives
2025 · External reference
Optimized data-independent acquisition approach for proteomic analysis at single-cell level
10.1186/s12014-022-09359-9 · 2022 · External reference
Linker H1 Histone Direct Top-Down Proteoform Analysis
10.1021/acs.jproteome.5c00618 · 2025 · External reference
An integrated workflow for quantitative analysis of the newly synthesized proteome
10.1038/s41467-023-43919-3 · 2023 · External reference
Extracting Informative Glycan-Specific Ions From Glycopeptide MS/MS Spectra With GlyCounter
10.1016/j.mcpro.2025.101085 · 2025 · External reference
Technological development of multidimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in proteome research
10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464048 · 2023 · External reference
Comprehensive Approach for Sequential MALDI-MSI Analysis of Lipids, N-Glycans, and Peptides in Fresh-Frozen Rodent Brain Tissues
10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05665 · 2025 · External reference
The dentate gyrus differentially metabolizes glucose and alternative fuels during rest and stimulation
10.1111/jnc.16004 · 2024 · External reference
A bioorthogonal chemical reporter for the detection and identification of protein lactylation
10.1039/d2sc00918h · 2022 · External reference
Multiplexed Ion Beam Imaging: Insights into Pathobiology
10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-030321-091459 · 2022 · External reference
Plasma Proteome Profiling to detect and avoid sample-related biases in biomarker studies
10.15252/emmm.201910427 · 2019 · External reference
Internally quenched fluorescent peptides provide insights into underexplored and reversible post-translational modifications
10.1039/d5sc08759g · 2026 · External reference
Lactate promotes macrophage HMGB1 lactylation, acetylation, and exosomal release in polymicrobial sepsis
10.1038/s41418-021-00841-9 · 2022 · External reference
Lysine Acetylome of Breast Cancer-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Specific Acetylation Patterns for Metabolic Enzymes
10.3390/biomedicines11041076 · 2023 · External reference
Compact Digital Immunoassay Platform Integrating ELISA with a Lateral Flow Strip
10.3390/biomedicines12112517 · 2024 · External reference
A SERS-active microneedle array for rapid and minimally invasive lactic acid detection
10.1016/j.aca.2025.344469 · 2025 · External reference
