Research graph
References from Lymphopenia and mortality in adult sepsis: A systematic review and focused meta-analysis of prognostic evidence. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3)
10.1001/jama.2016.0287 · 2016 · External reference
Immunosuppression in patients who die of sepsis and multiple organ failure
10.1001/jama.2011.1829 · 2011 · External reference
Lymphopenia in sepsis-an acquired immunodeficiency?
10.1111/imcb.12611 · 2023 · External reference
Persistent lymphopenia after diagnosis of sepsis predicts mortality
10.1097/shk.0000000000000234 · 2014 · External reference
Lymphopenia in sepsis: a narrative review
10.1186/s13054-024-05099-4 · 2024 · External reference
The immunopathology of sepsis and potential therapeutic targets
10.1038/nri.2017.36 · 2017 · External reference
Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: from cellular dysfunctions to immunotherapy
10.1038/nri3552 · 2013 · External reference
Sepsis-induced immunosuppression
10.1146/annurev-physiol-061121-040214 · 2022 · External reference
The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
2021 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2013 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2024 · External reference
Chapter 10: analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses
2024 · External reference
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · 2003 · External reference
Characteristics and clinical prognosis of septic patients with persistent lymphopenia
10.1177/08850666241226877 · 2024 · External reference
Impact of baseline lymphopenia on prognosis of patients with septic shock
10.1186/s12879-025-12078-9 · 2025 · External reference
Influence of lymphopenia on long-term mortality in septic shock, a retrospective observational study
2024 · External reference
Dynamic changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte trajectory predict the clinical outcomes of sepsis
2025 · External reference
A machine learning-based prediction model for poor prognosis in sepsis using lymphocyte count: a national, multicenter prospective cohort
10.1038/s41598-025-33980-x · 2026 · External reference
U-shaped correlation of lymphocyte count with all-cause hospital mortality in sepsis and septic shock patients: a MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD database study
2024 · External reference
Early alterations of B cells in patients with septic shock
10.1186/cc12750 · 2013 · External reference
Activation-associated accelerated apoptosis of memory B cells in critically ill patients with sepsis
10.1097/ccm.0000000000002380 · 2017 · External reference
Association of leukocyte subpopulations identified by flow cytometry with outcomes of sepsis in a respiratory intensive care unit: an observational study
10.1177/08850666231193962 · 2024 · External reference
Sepsis leads to lasting changes in phenotype and function of memory CD8 T cells
10.7554/elife.70989 · 2021 · External reference
Myeloid cells in sepsis-acquired immunodeficiency
10.1111/nyas.14333 · 2021 · External reference
Assessment of sepsis-induced immunosuppression at ICU discharge and 6 months after ICU discharge
10.1186/s13613-017-0304-3 · 2017 · External reference
Endogenous IL-7 variation in relation to lymphocyte subtypes in septic patients
10.3390/medicina61020258 · 2025 · External reference
Enhanced insights into immunity traits of elderly patients in the intensive care unit with infections: evidence from a multicenter, prospective observational study
10.1186/s13054-025-05616-z · 2025 · External reference
Prognostic significance of immune abnormalities in children with severe sepsis
10.1007/s12098-025-05872-5 · 2026 · External reference
Predictive value of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 in the progression of septic patients to chronic critical illness in the intensive care unit: a prospective observational clinical study
10.1097/shk.0000000000002156 · 2023 · External reference
Relationship between peripheral blood miR-146b-5p levels and lymphocyte subsets in patients with sepsis and its predictive value for prognosis: a single-center study
2025 · External reference
Monocyte-macrophage membrane expression of IL-1R2 is a severity biomarker in sepsis
10.1038/s41419-025-07597-x · 2025 · External reference
Assessment of soluble PD-L1 in septic shock in relation to immunosuppressive phenotypes
10.1016/j.aicoj.2025.100007 · 2026 · External reference
Prognostic value of neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio and platelets-to-lymphocytes ratio in sepsis patients with lymphopenia
10.1177/11772719231223156 · 2024 · External reference
Enhancing prognostic accuracy in sepsis: a modified SOFA score incorporating lymphocyte count as an immune function marker
10.3389/fcimb.2025.1593589 · 2025 · External reference
Association between D-dimer to lymphocyte ratio and in hospital all-cause mortality in elderly patients with sepsis: a cohort of 1123 patients
10.3389/fcimb.2024.1507992 · 2025 · External reference
Machine learning-based immunocompromise and severity score for early risk stratification of critically ill patients
2026 · External reference
Interleukin-7 restores lymphocytes in septic shock: the IRIS-7 randomized clinical trial
10.1172/jci.insight.98960 · 2018 · External reference
The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and IL-7 in lymphocyte dynamics and sepsis progression: a biomarker study in critically ill patients
10.3390/ijms252312612 · 2024 · External reference
Intravenously administered interleukin-7 to reverse lymphopenia in patients with septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
10.1186/s13613-023-01109-w · 2023 · External reference
Sepsis endotypes defined by lymphocyte thresholds and inflammation inform precision immunomodulation
10.1002/mco2.70561 · 2026 · External reference
Relation between lymphopenia and bacteraemia in UK adults with medical emergencies
10.1136/jcp.2004.017335 · 2004 · External reference
Profound lymphopenia and bacteraemia
10.1111/j.1445-5994.2006.01076.x · 2006 · External reference
Lymphocytopenia and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio predict bacteremia better than conventional infection markers in an emergency care unit
10.1186/cc9309 · 2010 · External reference
Lymphopenia is associated with broad host response alterations in community-acquired pneumonia
2024 · External reference
Sepsis and septic shock
10.1038/nrdp.2016.45 · 2016 · External reference
Apoptosis-induced lymphopenia in sepsis and other severe injuries
10.1007/s10495-016-1325-3 · 2017 · External reference
The impact of pathogens on sepsis prevalence and outcome
10.3390/pathogens13010089 · 2024 · External reference
Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: mechanisms, biomarkers and immunotherapy
2025 · External reference
A consensus immune dysregulation framework for sepsis and critical illnesses
10.1038/s41591-025-03956-5 · 2025 · External reference
Characterization of pathogenic sepsis etiologies and patient profiles: a novel approach to triage and treatment
2019 · External reference
Pooled prevalence of lymphopenia in all-cause hospitalisations and association with infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s12879-023-08845-1 · 2023 · External reference
Predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the prognosis and risk of death for adult sepsis patients: a meta-analysis (1664–3224 (Electronic))
2024 · External reference
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in sepsis: a meta-analysis (1532–8171 (Electronic))
10.1016/j.ajem.2019.10.023 · 2020 · External reference
Pathological alteration and therapeutic implications of sepsis-induced immune cell apoptosis
10.1038/s41419-019-2015-1 · 2019 · External reference
Precision immunotherapy to improve sepsis outcomes: the ImmunoSep randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jama.2025.24175 · 2026 · External reference
Immunosuppression in patients who die of sepsis and multiple organ failure
10.1001/jama.2011.1829 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3)
10.1001/jama.2016.0287 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Precision immunotherapy to improve sepsis outcomes: the ImmunoSep randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jama.2025.24175 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sepsis endotypes defined by lymphocyte thresholds and inflammation inform precision immunomodulation
10.1002/mco2.70561 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Apoptosis-induced lymphopenia in sepsis and other severe injuries
10.1007/s10495-016-1325-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prognostic significance of immune abnormalities in children with severe sepsis
10.1007/s12098-025-05872-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Assessment of soluble PD-L1 in septic shock in relation to immunosuppressive phenotypes
10.1016/j.aicoj.2025.100007 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in sepsis: a meta-analysis (1532–8171 (Electronic))
10.1016/j.ajem.2019.10.023 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sepsis and septic shock
10.1038/nrdp.2016.45 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The immunopathology of sepsis and potential therapeutic targets
10.1038/nri.2017.36 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: from cellular dysfunctions to immunotherapy
10.1038/nri3552 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pathological alteration and therapeutic implications of sepsis-induced immune cell apoptosis
10.1038/s41419-019-2015-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Monocyte-macrophage membrane expression of IL-1R2 is a severity biomarker in sepsis
10.1038/s41419-025-07597-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A consensus immune dysregulation framework for sepsis and critical illnesses
10.1038/s41591-025-03956-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A machine learning-based prediction model for poor prognosis in sepsis using lymphocyte count: a national, multicenter prospective cohort
10.1038/s41598-025-33980-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Activation-associated accelerated apoptosis of memory B cells in critically ill patients with sepsis
10.1097/ccm.0000000000002380 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Persistent lymphopenia after diagnosis of sepsis predicts mortality
10.1097/shk.0000000000000234 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Predictive value of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 in the progression of septic patients to chronic critical illness in the intensive care unit: a prospective observational clinical study
10.1097/shk.0000000000002156 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lymphopenia in sepsis-an acquired immunodeficiency?
10.1111/imcb.12611 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Profound lymphopenia and bacteraemia
10.1111/j.1445-5994.2006.01076.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Myeloid cells in sepsis-acquired immunodeficiency
10.1111/nyas.14333 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Relation between lymphopenia and bacteraemia in UK adults with medical emergencies
10.1136/jcp.2004.017335 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sepsis-induced immunosuppression
10.1146/annurev-physiol-061121-040214 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Interleukin-7 restores lymphocytes in septic shock: the IRIS-7 randomized clinical trial
10.1172/jci.insight.98960 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association of leukocyte subpopulations identified by flow cytometry with outcomes of sepsis in a respiratory intensive care unit: an observational study
10.1177/08850666231193962 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Characteristics and clinical prognosis of septic patients with persistent lymphopenia
10.1177/08850666241226877 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prognostic value of neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio and platelets-to-lymphocytes ratio in sepsis patients with lymphopenia
10.1177/11772719231223156 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Early alterations of B cells in patients with septic shock
10.1186/cc12750 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lymphocytopenia and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio predict bacteremia better than conventional infection markers in an emergency care unit
10.1186/cc9309 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pooled prevalence of lymphopenia in all-cause hospitalisations and association with infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s12879-023-08845-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Impact of baseline lymphopenia on prognosis of patients with septic shock
10.1186/s12879-025-12078-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lymphopenia in sepsis: a narrative review
10.1186/s13054-024-05099-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Enhanced insights into immunity traits of elderly patients in the intensive care unit with infections: evidence from a multicenter, prospective observational study
10.1186/s13054-025-05616-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Assessment of sepsis-induced immunosuppression at ICU discharge and 6 months after ICU discharge
10.1186/s13613-017-0304-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Intravenously administered interleukin-7 to reverse lymphopenia in patients with septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
10.1186/s13613-023-01109-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association between D-dimer to lymphocyte ratio and in hospital all-cause mortality in elderly patients with sepsis: a cohort of 1123 patients
10.3389/fcimb.2024.1507992 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Enhancing prognostic accuracy in sepsis: a modified SOFA score incorporating lymphocyte count as an immune function marker
10.3389/fcimb.2025.1593589 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and IL-7 in lymphocyte dynamics and sepsis progression: a biomarker study in critically ill patients
10.3390/ijms252312612 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Endogenous IL-7 variation in relation to lymphocyte subtypes in septic patients
10.3390/medicina61020258 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The impact of pathogens on sepsis prevalence and outcome
10.3390/pathogens13010089 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sepsis leads to lasting changes in phenotype and function of memory CD8 T cells
10.7554/elife.70989 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
