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References from Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix inhibits renal fibrosis in type 2 diabetes via regulating aldose reductase. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Diabetic kidney disease: challenges, progress, and possibilities
10.2215/cjn.11491116 · 2017 · External reference
Diabetic nephropathy: landmark clinical trials and tribulations
10.1093/ndt/gfu411 · 2016 · External reference
Swertiamarin ameliorates type 2 diabetes by activating ADRB3/UCP1 thermogenic signals in adipose tissue
10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156190 · 2024 · External reference
The anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative and anti-fibrosis properties of swertiamarin in cigarette smoke exposure-induced prostate dysfunction in rats
10.18632/aging.102467 · 2019 · External reference
Ginkgolide B alleviates oxidative stress and ferroptosis by inhibiting GPX4 ubiquitination to improve diabetic nephropathy
10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113953 · 2022 · External reference
Smurf2 knockdown attenuates the progression of diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting mesangial cell proliferation and fibrosis through suppressing EYA2 ubiquitination
2025 · External reference
Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix (Qin-Jiao): a systematic review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical application and quality control
10.1016/j.jep.2025.120853 · 2026 · External reference
Efficacy and outcomes of dapagliflozin in diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2025 · External reference
Diabetic nephropathy: significance of determining oxidative stress and opportunities for antioxidant therapies
10.3390/ijms241512378 · 2023 · External reference
Gentiopicroside: an updated review of its pharmacological activities and mechanisms
2024 · External reference
Trametenolic acid ameliorates the progression of diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice via Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB-Mediated pathways
10.1155/2022/6151847 · 2022 · External reference
Diabetic nephropathy: pathogenesis, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies
10.1055/a-2435-8264 · 2025 · External reference
Aldose reductase as a drug target for treatment of diabetic nephropathy: promises and challenges
2017 · External reference
Streptozotocin-Induced diabetic models in mice and rats
10.1002/cpz1.78 · 2021 · External reference
Diabetic kidney disease
10.1016/j.disamonth.2024.101848 · 2025 · External reference
Novel spiroindoline derivatives targeting aldose reductase against diabetic complications: bioactivity, cytotoxicity, and molecular modeling studies
10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107221 · 2024 · External reference
The role of aldose reductase in Polyol pathway: an emerging pharmacological target in diabetic complications and associated morbidities
10.2174/1389201025666230830125147 · 2024 · External reference
Polyol pathway and diabetic nephropathy revisited: early tubular cell changes and glomerulopathy in diabetic mice overexpressing human aldose reductase
10.1111/j.2040-1124.2010.00071.x · 2011 · External reference
The aldose reductase inhibitor epalrestat exerts nephritic protection on diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice through metabolic modulation
10.1038/s41401-018-0043-5 · 2019 · External reference
Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease
10.1056/nejmoa2024816 · 2020 · External reference
High fat diet-induced TGF-β/Gbb signaling provokes insulin resistance through the tribbles expression
10.1038/srep30265 · 2016 · External reference
Crosstalk among podocytes, glomerular endothelial cells and mesangial cells in diabetic kidney disease: an updated review
10.1186/s12964-024-01502-3 · 2024 · External reference
An aldose reductase inhibitor prevents glucose-induced increase in transforming growth factor-beta and protein kinase C activity in cultured mesangial cells
10.1007/s001250050916 · 1998 · External reference
Oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy: role of polyphenols
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1185317 · 2023 · External reference
Grape seed proanthocyanidins protect pancreatic β cells against ferroptosis via the Nrf2 pathway in type 2 diabetes
10.1007/s12011-024-04093-9 · 2024 · External reference
Cell-based therapy for diabetic cardiovascular complications: prospects and challenges
10.1111/bph.16475 · 2025 · External reference
Study on the mechanism of anti-acute lung injury of Shuanghuanglian oral liquid based on identification of transitional components in blood and network pharmacology
10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123498 · 2022 · External reference
(1)H-NMR based Serum Metabolomics Study to investigate hepatoprotective effect of Qin-Jiao on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats
10.1155/2017/6091589 · 2017 · External reference
Polydatin attenuates diabetic renal inflammatory fibrosis via the inhibition of STING pathway
10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116373 · 2024 · External reference
A comprehensive review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical application of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix
10.1080/14786419.2023.2298724 · 2024 · External reference
A review of traditional Chinese medicine on treatment of diabetic nephropathy and the involved mechanisms
10.1142/s0192415x22500744 · 2022 · External reference
Increased sorbitol pathway activity generates oxidative stress in tissue sites for diabetic complications
10.1089/ars.2005.7.1543 · 2005 · External reference
Swertiamarin mitigates nephropathy in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by inhibiting the formation of advanced glycation end products
10.1080/13813455.2021.1987478 · 2024 · External reference
Animal models and renal biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy
10.1007/5584_2020_527 · 2021 · External reference
Diabetic nephropathy: is there a role for oxidative stress?
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.040 · 2018 · External reference
Role of polyphenol in regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy
10.2174/1871530321666211119144309 · 2022 · External reference
An updated overview of diabetic nephropathy: diagnosis, prognosis, treatment goals and latest guidelines
10.1111/dom.14007 · 2020 · External reference
Effect of glutathione liposomes on diabetic nephropathy based on oxidative stress and polyol pathway mechanism
10.1080/08982104.2020.1780607 · 2021 · External reference
Dietary responses to non-communicable chronic disease Diagnoses-A scoping review
10.2147/ijgm.s568848 · 2026 · External reference
Effects of dapagliflozin on podocyte damage and oxidative stress in patients with diabetic nephropathy
10.1186/s13098-025-01886-3 · 2025 · External reference
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, comorbidities, and emerging therapies
10.1002/cph4.70003 · 2025 · External reference
Physiological and pathological roles of aldose reductase
10.3390/metabo11100655 · 2021 · External reference
Animal models for type 1 and type 2 diabetes: advantages and limitations
10.3389/fendo.2024.1359685 · 2024 · External reference
Automated quantification of renal fibrosis with Sirius Red and polarization contrast microscopy
2014 · External reference
Clinical efficacies, underlying mechanisms and molecular targets of Chinese medicines for diabetic nephropathy treatment and management
10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.020 · 2021 · External reference
A critical review on diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 management approaches: from lifestyle modification to current and novel targets and therapeutic agents
10.3389/fendo.2024.1440456 · 2024 · External reference
Glucosamine inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation in experimental diabetic nephropathy
10.3389/fnut.2022.1048305 · 2022 · External reference
Aldose Reductase: a cause and a potential target for the treatment of diabetic complications
10.1007/s12272-021-01343-5 · 2021 · External reference
Neuroprotective effect of swertiamain on cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by inducing the Nrf2 protective pathway
10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00605 · 2019 · External reference
New progress in drugs treatment of diabetic kidney disease
10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111918 · 2021 · External reference
Antidiabetic effects of Carassius auratus complex formula in high fat Diet Combined Streptozotocin-Induced diabetic mice
2014 · External reference
Dihydromyricetin ameliorates diabetic renal fibrosis via regulating SphK1 to suppress the activation of NF-κB pathway
10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176799 · 2024 · External reference
A systematic literature review on the burden of diabetic ketoacidosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
10.1111/dom.16282 · 2025 · External reference
Gentiopicroside activates the bile acid receptor Gpbar1 (TGR5) to repress NF-kappaB pathway and ameliorate diabetic nephropathy
10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104559 · 2020 · External reference
An aldose reductase inhibitor, WJ-39, ameliorates renal tubular injury in diabetic nephropathy by activating PINK1/Parkin signaling
10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176376 · 2024 · External reference
The aldose reductase inhibitors AT-001, AT-003 and AT-007 attenuate human keratinocyte senescence
10.3389/fragi.2024.1466281 · 2024 · External reference
Botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control, and authentication of Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae-A traditional medicine: a review
10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.020 · 2018 · External reference
Dapagliflozin inhibits ferroptosis and ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic C57BL/6J mice
10.1038/s41598-025-91278-4 · 2025 · External reference
WJ-39, an aldose reductase inhibitor, ameliorates renal lesions in diabetic nephropathy by activating Nrf2 signaling
10.1155/2020/7950457 · 2020 · External reference