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References from Dabushen decoction ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction in association with changes in PINK1/Parkin-related mitophagy. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
4. Comprehensive medical evaluation and assessment of comorbidities: standards of care in Diabetes—2026
2026 · External reference
ZiBu PiYin recipe regulates central and peripheral Aβ metabolism and improves diabetes-associated cognitive decline in ZDF rats
10.1016/j.jep.2024.118808 · 2025 · External reference
Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and clinical implications
10.1038/s41574-018-0048-7 · 2018 · External reference
Understanding multifactorial brain changes in type 2 diabetes: a biomarker perspective
10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30139-3 · 2020 · External reference
Hippocampal insulin resistance and cognitive dysfunction
10.1038/nrn4019 · 2015 · External reference
Cognitive dysfunction in diabetes: how to implement emerging guidelines
10.1007/s00125-019-04977-9 · 2020 · External reference
Cognitive function among older adults with diabetes and prediabetes, NHANES 2011–2014
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108939 · 2021 · External reference
LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics reveals early biomarkers in STZ-induced diabetic rats with cognitive impairment
2021 · External reference
A review on traditional Chinese medicine natural products and acupuncture intervention for Alzheimer's disease based on the neuroinflammatory
10.1186/s13020-024-00900-6 · 2024 · External reference
Integration of network pharmacology and serum medicinal chemistry to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of QiZhuYangGan Decoction in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis
10.1016/j.jep.2024.117730 · 2024 · External reference
Promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis via activation of AMPK-PGC1α signaling pathway by ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) extract, and its major active component 6-gingerol
10.1111/1750-3841.14723 · 2019 · External reference
Mitophagy: mechanisms, pathophysiological roles, and analysis
10.1515/hsz-2012-0119 · 2012 · External reference
PINK1 signalling rescues amyloid pathology and mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
10.1093/brain/awx258 · 2017 · External reference
Mitochondria as central hubs in synaptic modulation
10.1007/s00018-023-04814-8 · 2023 · External reference
IDF Diabetes Atlas 11th edition 2025: global prevalence and projections for 2050
10.1093/ndt/gfaf177 · 2025 · External reference
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester and its related compounds limit the functional alterations of isolated mouse brain and liver mitochondria submitted to in vitro anoxia–reoxygenation: relationship to their antioxidant activities
10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.01.002 · 2008 · External reference
Serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology reveal active compounds and mechanisms of the Huaxian formula in alleviating radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis
10.2147/dddt.s490844 · 2025 · External reference
Nicotinate-curcumin ameliorates cognitive impairment in diabetic rats by rescuing autophagic flux in CA1 hippocampus
10.1111/cns.13059 · 2019 · External reference
Dapagliflozin improves diabetic cognitive impairment via indirectly modulating the mitochondria homeostasis of hippocampus in diabetic mice
10.1002/biof.1998 · 2024 · External reference
Schisandrin A alleviates spatial learning and memory impairment in diabetic rats by inhibiting inflammatory response and through modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway
10.1007/s12035-023-03725-w · 2024 · External reference
Apelin-13 alleviates diabetes-associated cognitive decline by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via the SIRT3/Foxo3 pathway
10.1002/bab.2743 · 2025 · External reference
Metformin protects against diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial fission protein DRP1
2022 · External reference
A review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cognitive impairment
10.3389/fendo.2025.1624472 · 2025 · External reference
Cinnamaldehyde regulates mitochondrial quality against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in mouse lung mesenchymal stem cells via the PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway
10.7717/peerj.14045 · 2022 · External reference
Mitophagy pathways in health and disease
10.1083/jcb.202004029 · 2020 · External reference
Licorice protects against ulcerative colitis via the Nrf2/PINK1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy
10.1002/iid3.757 · 2023 · External reference
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester rescued streptozotocin-induced memory loss through PI3-kinase dependent pathway
10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.089 · 2018 · External reference
Amyloid deposition and small vessel disease are associated with cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes
10.1038/s41598-024-53043-x · 2024 · External reference
NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis and apoptosis in hippocampus neurons mediates depressive-like behavior in diabetic mice
10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112684 · 2020 · External reference
Introduction to Professor Li Yingcun's experience in treating kidney-deficiency-type diabetes with Dunhuang Dabushen Decoction
2018 · External reference
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester protects renal tubular epithelial cells against ferroptosis in diabetic kidney disease via restoring PINK1-mediated mitophagy
10.1186/s10020-025-01318-y · 2025 · External reference
The role of mitochondrial quality control in cognitive dysfunction in diabetes
10.1007/s11064-022-03631-y · 2022 · External reference
Transplantation of platelet-derived mitochondria alleviates cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction in db/db mice
10.1042/cs20200530 · 2020 · External reference
Diabetes influences the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes in SH-SY5Y cells and induces Aβ deposition and cognitive dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic rats
10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114286 · 2023 · External reference
Autophagy-lysosome dysfunction is involved in Aβ deposition in STZ-induced diabetic rats
10.1016/j.bbr.2016.10.031 · 2017 · External reference
Hyperglycemia modulates extracellular amyloid-β concentrations and neuronal activity in vivo
10.1172/jci79742 · 2015 · External reference
Insulin resistance and oxidative stress in the brain: what's new?
10.3390/ijms20040874 · 2019 · External reference
Early cognitive deficits in type 2 diabetes: a population-based study
10.3233/jad-160266 · 2016 · External reference
Risk factors, pathological changes, and potential treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction
10.1111/1753-0407.70089 · 2025 · External reference
New horizons—cognitive dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes
10.1210/clinem/dgab797 · 2022 · External reference
Neuroprotective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease involves Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
10.14336/ad.2017.0903 · 2018 · External reference
Differential metformin dose-dependent effects on cognition in rats: role of Akt
10.1007/s00213-016-4301-2 · 2016 · External reference
Dose translation between laboratory animals and human in preclinical and clinical phases of drug development
10.1002/ddr.21461 · 2018 · External reference
Treatment of type 2 diabetes: challenges, hopes, and anticipated successes
10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00113-3 · 2021 · External reference
Jiao-tai-wan and its effective component-coptisine alleviate cognitive impairment in db/db mice through the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155954 · 2024 · External reference
Traditional Chinese medicine for Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive impairment: a review
10.1142/s0192415x20500251 · 2020 · External reference
Aging, memory, and mild cognitive impairment
10.1017/s1041610297004717 · 1997 · External reference
Alpinia oxyphylla-Schisandra chinensis herb pair alleviates amyloid-β induced cognitive deficits via PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/CREB pathway
10.1007/s12017-020-08595-2 · 2020 · External reference
Curcuma wenyujin extract alleviates cognitive deficits and restrains pyroptosis through PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagy in Alzheimer's disease
10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156482 · 2025 · External reference
Taohe Chengqi decoction improves diabetic cognitive dysfunction by alleviating neural stem cell senescence through HIF1α-driven metabolic signaling
10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156219 · 2024 · External reference
Table and explanation of measurement-unit values in Chinese dynasties
2006 · External reference
Deciphering the active constituents of Dabushen decoction of ameliorating osteoarthritis via PPARγ preservation by targeting DNMT1
10.3389/fphar.2022.993498 · 2022 · External reference
Amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau-induced defective autophagy and mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease
10.3390/cells8050488 · 2019 · External reference
Zi Shen Wan Fang attenuates neuroinflammation and cognitive function via remodeling the gut microbiota in diabetes-induced cognitive impairment mice
2022 · External reference
Oxidized mitochondrial DNA activates the NLRP3 inflammasome during apoptosis
10.1016/j.immuni.2012.01.009 · 2012 · External reference
Swietenolide inhibits the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathways via Nrf2 activation to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in diabetic mice
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110312 · 2025 · External reference
Enhancing mitochondrial proteostasis reduces amyloid-β proteotoxicity
10.1038/nature25143 · 2017 · External reference
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) regulates Parkin/PINK1-mediated mitophagy in dopaminergic neurons under high-glucose conditions: implications for molecular links between Parkinson's disease and diabetes
10.1007/s12264-019-00459-5 · 2020 · External reference
Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata (Shu Dihuang) exerts neuroprotective effects on ICV-STZ-induced Alzheimer's disease mice through modulation of INSR/IRS-1/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway and intestinal microbiota
10.3389/fphar.2023.1115387 · 2023 · External reference
ZiBuPiYin recipe ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive decline by improving neuronal mitochondrial function in chronic psychologically stressed Zucker diabetic fatty rats
10.1016/j.jep.2022.115947 · 2023 · External reference
Neuron-targeted overexpression of caveolin-1 alleviates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction via regulating mitochondrial fission-mitophagy axis
10.1186/s12964-023-01328-5 · 2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2008 · External reference
Studying targeted oxidation in diabetic cognitive dysfunction based on scientometrics analysis: research progress of natural product approaches
10.3389/fendo.2024.1445750 · 2024 · External reference
Cognitive dysfunction: an emerging concept of a new diabetic complication in the elderly
10.1111/j.1447-0594.2012.00922.x · 2013 · External reference
PARK6-linked parkinsonism occurs in several European families
10.1002/ana.10053 · 2002 · External reference
Morris water maze: procedures for assessing spatial and related forms of learning and memory
10.1038/nprot.2006.116 · 2006 · External reference
Oxymatrine attenuates diabetes-associated cognitive deficits in rats
10.1038/aps.2013.158 · 2014 · External reference
Schisantherin A interacts with gut bacteria to stimulate adipose tissue thermogenesis in obese mice via a TGR5–p-CREB–STAT6 signaling pathway
10.1038/s41467-025-67172-y · 2026 · External reference
Netrin-3 rectifies diabetes-induced cognitive impairment by counteracting hippocampal oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation
10.1016/j.npep.2026.102596 · 2026 · External reference
NLRP3 inflammasome in stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders: mechanisms of neuron-microglia-astrocyte crosstalk, HPA axis dysregulation, and therapeutic perspective
10.3390/biom15091344 · 2025 · External reference
Activation of mitophagy improves cognitive dysfunction in diabetic mice with recurrent non-severe hypoglycemia
10.1016/j.mce.2023.112109 · 2024 · External reference
Alisol A ameliorates vascular cognitive impairment via AMPK/NAMPT/SIRT1-mediated regulation of cholesterol and autophagy
10.7150/thno.112661 · 2025 · External reference
High glucose- or AGE-induced oxidative stress inhibits hippocampal neuronal mitophagy through the Keap1-Nrf2-PHB2 pathway in diabetic encephalopathy
2024 · External reference
Diabetes mellitus and risks of cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 144 prospective studies
10.1016/j.arr.2019.100944 · 2019 · External reference
Study on the mechanism on yi-guan-jian decoction alleviating cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus
10.1016/j.jep.2024.119286 · 2025 · External reference
Neuroprotective effects of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide on chronic constant light-induced oxidative stress and autophagic cell death via the AKT/mTOR pathway in mouse hippocampus and HT-22 cells
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129813 · 2024 · External reference
Zi Shen Wan Fang regulates kynurenine metabolism to alleviate diabetes-associated cognitive impairment via activating the skeletal muscle PGC1α-PPARα signaling
10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154000 · 2022 · External reference
Integrated serum pharmacochemistry with network pharmacology and pharmacological validation to elucidate the mechanism of Yiqitongmai decoction (YQTMD) against myocardial infarction
10.1016/j.jep.2024.118329 · 2024 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2021 · External reference
Renal protective effects of Inonotus obliquus on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease rats: biochemical, color Doppler ultrasound and histopathological evidence
10.3389/fphar.2021.743931 · 2022 · External reference
Total lignans of Schisandra chinensis ameliorate Aβ1–42-induced neurodegeneration with cognitive impairment in mice and primary mouse neuronal cells
2016 · External reference
Acetate ameliorates glucolipid metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammation in diabetic cognitive impairment via enhanced mitophagy
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2026.01.041 · 2026 · External reference
Schisandrin A ameliorates MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease in a mouse model via regulation of brain autophagy
10.1007/s12272-019-01186-1 · 2019 · External reference
Zexieyin formula attenuates Alzheimer's disease via suppressing A1 astrocyte activation: a serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology study
10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157375 · 2025 · External reference
Gut microbiota: an important player in type 2 diabetes mellitus
2022 · External reference