Research graph
References from AI boosts publication output more at non-elite institutions: Evidence from AlphaFold. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
The race between man and machine: Implications of technology for growth, factor shares, and employment
10.1257/aer.20160696 · 2018 · External reference
Are AI ethics conferences different and more diverse compared to traditional computer science conferences?
2021 · External reference
10.3386/w23928
10.3386/w23928 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
10.2139/ssrn.5806445
10.2139/ssrn.5806445 · External reference
How deep do large language models internalize scientific literature and citation practices?
2026 · External reference
Incentives and creativity: Evidence from the academic life sciences
10.1111/j.1756-2171.2011.00140.x · 2011 · External reference
Can generative AI improve social science?
10.1073/pnas.2314021121 · 2024 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Prediction of robust scientific facts from literature
10.1038/s42256-022-00474-8 · 2022 · External reference
Standing on the shoulders of giants: How star scientists influence their coauthors
10.1016/j.respol.2022.104624 · 2023 · External reference
The matthew effect in science funding
10.1073/pnas.1719557115 · 2018 · External reference
Prizes and productivity: How winning the fields medal affects scientific output
10.3368/jhr.50.3.728 · 2015 · External reference
Artificial intelligence in scientific research: Challenges, opportunities and the imperative of a human-centric synergy
10.1016/j.joi.2025.101727 · 2025 · External reference
Generative AI at work
10.1093/qje/qjae044 · 2025 · External reference
What drives the corporate payoffs of using generative artificial intelligence?
10.1016/j.strueco.2024.09.011 · 2024 · External reference
AlphaFold is five years old—these charts show how it revolutionized science
10.1038/d41586-025-03886-9 · 2025 · External reference
Academic honors and performance
10.1016/j.labeco.2014.05.005 · 2014 · External reference
Advancing mathematics by guiding human intuition with AI
10.1038/s41586-021-04086-x · 2021 · External reference
Magnetic control of tokamak plasmas through deep reinforcement learning
10.1038/s41586-021-04301-9 · 2022 · External reference
The (fuzzy) digital divide: The effect of universal broadband on firm performance
10.1093/jeg/lbac006 · 2023 · External reference
Discovering faster matrix multiplication algorithms with reinforcement learning
10.1038/s41586-022-05172-4 · 2022 · External reference
The internet and local wages: A puzzle
10.1257/aer.102.1.556 · 2012 · External reference
Toward understanding the impact of artificial intelligence on labor
10.1073/pnas.1900949116 · 2019 · External reference
AI and the Economy
10.1086/699936 · 2019 · External reference
Quantifying the use and potential benefits of artificial intelligence in scientific research
10.1038/s41562-024-02020-5 · 2024 · External reference
Amplify scientific discovery with artificial intelligence
10.1126/science.1259439 · 2014 · External reference
The Matthew effect: Evidence on firms’ digitalization distributional effects
10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102423 · 2024 · External reference
When will AI exceed human performance? evidence from AI experts
10.1613/jair.1.11222 · 2018 · External reference
Deep learning-aided decision support for diagnosis of skin disease across skin tones
10.1038/s41591-023-02728-3 · 2024 · External reference
Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations using deep learning
10.1073/pnas.1718942115 · 2018 · External reference
Artificial intelligence tools expand scientists’ impact but contract science’s focus
2024 · External reference
10.2139/ssrn.5360803
10.2139/ssrn.5360803 · External reference
Drug discovery with explainable artificial intelligence
10.1038/s42256-020-00236-4 · 2020 · External reference
The reverse matthew effect: Consequences of retraction in scientific teams
10.1162/rest_a_00780 · 2019 · External reference
The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines
10.1038/s42256-019-0088-2 · 2019 · External reference
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold
10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2 · 2021 · External reference
Aftermath of a tragedy: A star’s death and coauthors’ subsequent productivity
10.1016/j.respol.2020.104159 · 2021 · External reference
10.2139/ssrn.3698698
10.2139/ssrn.3698698 · External reference
Human-centred mechanism design with democratic AI
10.1038/s41562-022-01383-x · 2022 · External reference
The Howard-Harvard effect: Institutional reproduction of intersectional inequalities
10.1002/asi.24931 · 2024 · External reference
Scientific production in the era of large language models
10.1126/science.adw3000 · 2025 · External reference
Scientific elite revisited: Patterns of productivity, collaboration, authorship and impact
10.1098/rsif.2020.0135 · 2020 · External reference
Untangling the network effects of productivity and prominence among scientists
10.1038/s41467-022-32604-6 · 2022 · External reference
Advances, challenges and opportunities in creating data for trustworthy AI
10.1038/s42256-022-00516-1 · 2022 · External reference
Learning nonlinear operators via deeponet based on the universal approximation theorem of operators
10.1038/s42256-021-00302-5 · 2021 · External reference
Scaling deep learning for materials discovery
10.1038/s41586-023-06735-9 · 2023 · External reference
10.1126/science.159.3810.56
10.1126/science.159.3810.56 · External reference
10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0166-4
10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0166-4 · External reference
Artificial intelligence and illusions of understanding in scientific research
10.1038/s41586-024-07146-0 · 2024 · External reference
Jack of all trades and master of knowledge: The role of diversification in new distant knowledge integration
10.1002/smj.3091 · 2020 · External reference
Experimental evidence on the productivity effects of generative artificial intelligence
10.1126/science.adh2586 · 2023 · External reference
Author impact factor: Tracking the dynamics of individual scientific impact
10.1038/srep04880 · 2014 · External reference
The matthew effect in empirical data
10.1098/rsif.2014.0378 · 2014 · External reference
Quantitative and empirical demonstration of the matthew effect in a study of career longevity
10.1073/pnas.1016733108 · 2011 · External reference
The structural coverage of the human proteome before and after AlphaFold
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009818 · 2022 · External reference
Generating conjectures on fundamental constants with the ramanujan machine
10.1038/s41586-021-03229-4 · 2021 · External reference
Inverse molecular design using machine learning: Generative models for matter engineering
10.1126/science.aat2663 · 2018 · External reference
Mastering the game of go with deep neural networks and tree search
10.1038/nature16961 · 2016 · External reference
The extroverted firm: How external information practices affect innovation and productivity
10.1287/mnsc.1110.1446 · 2012 · External reference
The matthew effect for cohorts of economists
10.1016/j.joi.2013.02.001 · 2013 · External reference
The ethical questions that haunt facial-recognition research
10.1038/d41586-020-03187-3 · 2020 · External reference
Scientific discovery in the age of artificial intelligence
10.1038/s41586-023-06221-2 · 2023 · External reference
Toward an artificial intelligence physicist for unsupervised learning
10.1103/physreve.100.033311 · 2019 · External reference
Outracing champion gran turismo drivers with deep reinforcement learning
10.1038/s41586-021-04357-7 · 2022 · External reference
10.2139/ssrn.5185924
10.2139/ssrn.5185924 · External reference
Estimating the deep replicability of scientific findings using human and artificial intelligence
10.1073/pnas.1909046117 · 2020 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2024 · External reference
A comprehensive comparative analysis of publication monopoly phenomenon in scientific journals
10.1016/j.joi.2024.101628 · 2025 · External reference
Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities
10.1126/sciadv.abq7056 · 2022 · External reference
The AI economist: Taxation policy design via two-level deep multiagent reinforcement learning
10.1126/sciadv.abk2607 · 2022 · External reference
10.2139/ssrn.3759827
10.2139/ssrn.3759827 · External reference
The Howard-Harvard effect: Institutional reproduction of intersectional inequalities
10.1002/asi.24931 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Jack of all trades and master of knowledge: The role of diversification in new distant knowledge integration
10.1002/smj.3091 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The matthew effect for cohorts of economists
10.1016/j.joi.2013.02.001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A comprehensive comparative analysis of publication monopoly phenomenon in scientific journals
10.1016/j.joi.2024.101628 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Artificial intelligence in scientific research: Challenges, opportunities and the imperative of a human-centric synergy
10.1016/j.joi.2025.101727 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Academic honors and performance
10.1016/j.labeco.2014.05.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Aftermath of a tragedy: A star’s death and coauthors’ subsequent productivity
10.1016/j.respol.2020.104159 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Standing on the shoulders of giants: How star scientists influence their coauthors
10.1016/j.respol.2022.104624 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
What drives the corporate payoffs of using generative artificial intelligence?
10.1016/j.strueco.2024.09.011 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Matthew effect: Evidence on firms’ digitalization distributional effects
10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102423 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The ethical questions that haunt facial-recognition research
10.1038/d41586-020-03187-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
AlphaFold is five years old—these charts show how it revolutionized science
10.1038/d41586-025-03886-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mastering the game of go with deep neural networks and tree search
10.1038/nature16961 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Untangling the network effects of productivity and prominence among scientists
10.1038/s41467-022-32604-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Human-centred mechanism design with democratic AI
10.1038/s41562-022-01383-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Quantifying the use and potential benefits of artificial intelligence in scientific research
10.1038/s41562-024-02020-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Generating conjectures on fundamental constants with the ramanujan machine
10.1038/s41586-021-03229-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold
10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Advancing mathematics by guiding human intuition with AI
10.1038/s41586-021-04086-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Magnetic control of tokamak plasmas through deep reinforcement learning
10.1038/s41586-021-04301-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Outracing champion gran turismo drivers with deep reinforcement learning
10.1038/s41586-021-04357-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Discovering faster matrix multiplication algorithms with reinforcement learning
10.1038/s41586-022-05172-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Scientific discovery in the age of artificial intelligence
10.1038/s41586-023-06221-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Scaling deep learning for materials discovery
10.1038/s41586-023-06735-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Artificial intelligence and illusions of understanding in scientific research
10.1038/s41586-024-07146-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Deep learning-aided decision support for diagnosis of skin disease across skin tones
10.1038/s41591-023-02728-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines
10.1038/s42256-019-0088-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Drug discovery with explainable artificial intelligence
10.1038/s42256-020-00236-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Learning nonlinear operators via deeponet based on the universal approximation theorem of operators
10.1038/s42256-021-00302-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prediction of robust scientific facts from literature
10.1038/s42256-022-00474-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Advances, challenges and opportunities in creating data for trustworthy AI
10.1038/s42256-022-00516-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Author impact factor: Tracking the dynamics of individual scientific impact
10.1038/srep04880 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Quantitative and empirical demonstration of the matthew effect in a study of career longevity
10.1073/pnas.1016733108 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Solving high-dimensional partial differential equations using deep learning
10.1073/pnas.1718942115 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The matthew effect in science funding
10.1073/pnas.1719557115 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Toward understanding the impact of artificial intelligence on labor
10.1073/pnas.1900949116 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Estimating the deep replicability of scientific findings using human and artificial intelligence
10.1073/pnas.1909046117 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Can generative AI improve social science?
10.1073/pnas.2314021121 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
AI and the Economy
10.1086/699936 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The (fuzzy) digital divide: The effect of universal broadband on firm performance
10.1093/jeg/lbac006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Generative AI at work
10.1093/qje/qjae044 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The matthew effect in empirical data
10.1098/rsif.2014.0378 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Scientific elite revisited: Patterns of productivity, collaboration, authorship and impact
10.1098/rsif.2020.0135 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Toward an artificial intelligence physicist for unsupervised learning
10.1103/physreve.100.033311 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Incentives and creativity: Evidence from the academic life sciences
10.1111/j.1756-2171.2011.00140.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The AI economist: Taxation policy design via two-level deep multiagent reinforcement learning
10.1126/sciadv.abk2607 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities
10.1126/sciadv.abq7056 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Amplify scientific discovery with artificial intelligence
10.1126/science.1259439 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1126/science.159.3810.56
10.1126/science.159.3810.56 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Inverse molecular design using machine learning: Generative models for matter engineering
10.1126/science.aat2663 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Experimental evidence on the productivity effects of generative artificial intelligence
10.1126/science.adh2586 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Scientific production in the era of large language models
10.1126/science.adw3000 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0166-4
10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0166-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The reverse matthew effect: Consequences of retraction in scientific teams
10.1162/rest_a_00780 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The internet and local wages: A puzzle
10.1257/aer.102.1.556 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The race between man and machine: Implications of technology for growth, factor shares, and employment
10.1257/aer.20160696 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The extroverted firm: How external information practices affect innovation and productivity
10.1287/mnsc.1110.1446 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The structural coverage of the human proteome before and after AlphaFold
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009818 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
When will AI exceed human performance? evidence from AI experts
10.1613/jair.1.11222 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.2139/ssrn.3698698
10.2139/ssrn.3698698 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.2139/ssrn.3759827
10.2139/ssrn.3759827 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.2139/ssrn.5185924
10.2139/ssrn.5185924 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.2139/ssrn.5360803
10.2139/ssrn.5360803 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.2139/ssrn.5806445
10.2139/ssrn.5806445 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prizes and productivity: How winning the fields medal affects scientific output
10.3368/jhr.50.3.728 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3386/w23928
10.3386/w23928 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
