Research graph
References from Steroid-dependent regulation of central nervous system remyelination: From gonadal hormones to chemokine signaling. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Astrocyte-produced Ephrins inhibit Schwann cell migration via VAV2 signaling
10.1523/jneurosci.3351-09.2010 · 2010 · External reference
The origin, evolution, and molecular diversity of the chemokine system
10.26508/lsa.202302471 · 2024 · External reference
CD8 T-cell recruitment into the central nervous system of cuprizone-fed mice: relevance to modeling the etiology of multiple sclerosis
10.3389/fncel.2020.00043 · 2020 · External reference
Interplay between androgen and CXCR4 chemokine signaling in myelin repair
10.1186/s40478-024-01730-1 · 2024 · External reference
Ligand binding prolongs androgen receptor protein half-life by reducing its degradation
10.1210/jendso/bvab035 · 2021 · External reference
Androgen triggers the pro-migratory CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in AR-positive breast cancer cell lines: underlying mechanism and possible implications for the use of aromatase inhibitors in breast cancer
10.1159/000484584 · 2017 · External reference
Brain aromatase is neuroprotective
10.1002/neu.1038 · 2001 · External reference
Evolution and function of chemokine receptors in the immune system of lower vertebrates
10.1002/eji.201343557 · 2013 · External reference
Steroid receptors and vertebrate evolution
10.1016/j.mce.2019.110526 · 2019 · External reference
Proper desensitization of CXCR4 is required for lymphocyte development and peripheral compartmentalization in mice
10.1182/blood-2012-01-403378 · 2012 · External reference
The role of CXCR4 signaling in the migration of transplanted oligodendrocyte progenitors into the cerebral white matter
10.1016/j.nbd.2011.05.019 · 2011 · External reference
Estradiol promotes myelin repair in the spinal cord of female mice in a CXCR4 chemokine receptor-independent manner
10.3390/ijms26104752 · 2025 · External reference
Untangling the role of tau in sex hormone responsive cancers: lessons learnt from Alzheimer’s disease
10.1042/cs20230317 · 2024 · External reference
Neurosteroids: of the nervous system, by the nervous system, for the nervous system
1997 · External reference
Unexpected central role of the androgen receptor in the spontaneous regeneration of myelin
10.1073/pnas.1614826113 · 2016 · External reference
Remyelination in experimental models of toxin-induced demyelination
2008 · External reference
Low testosterone is associated with disability in men with multiple sclerosis
10.1177/1352458514527864 · 2014 · External reference
Hormonal regulation of oligodendrogenesis II: implications for myelin repair
10.3390/biom11020290 · 2021 · External reference
Evolution of myelin sheaths: both lamprey and hagfish lack myelin
10.1016/0304-3940(84)90010-7 · 1984 · External reference
Evolutionary origins of the estrogen signaling system: insights from amphioxus
10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.03.022 · 2011 · External reference
CXCR4 signaling regulates remyelination by endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in a viral model of demyelination
10.1002/glia.21225 · 2011 · External reference
Neuroactive steroid levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of male multiple sclerosis patients
10.1111/jnc.12745 · 2014 · External reference
Live-imaging of astrocyte morphogenesis and function in zebrafish neural circuits
10.1038/s41593-020-0703-x · 2020 · External reference
CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 chemokine axis in the central nervous system: therapeutic targets for remyelination in demyelinating diseases
10.1177/1073858416685690 · 2017 · External reference
Age at disability milestones in multiple sclerosis
10.1093/brain/awh714 · 2006 · External reference
Oligodendrocyte progenitors: adult stem cells of the central nervous system?
10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.027 · 2014 · External reference
Development of myelinating glia: an overview
10.1002/glia.24238 · 2022 · External reference
The role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in multiple sclerosis
10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106314 · 2020 · External reference
Myelin dysfunction drives amyloid-β deposition in models of Alzheimer's disease
10.1038/s41586-023-06120-6 · 2023 · External reference
Cxcr4 and Cxcl12 expression in radial glial cells of the brain of adult zebrafish
10.1002/cne.22492 · 2010 · External reference
Novel cellular phenotypes and subcellular sites for androgen action in the forebrain
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.020 · 2006 · External reference
The adult oligodendrocyte can participate in remyelination
10.1073/pnas.1808064115 · 2018 · External reference
Biased agonism at chemokine receptors
10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109862 · 2021 · External reference
Progesterone and nestorone promote myelin regeneration in chronic demyelinating lesions of corpus callosum and cerebral cortex
10.1002/glia.22736 · 2015 · External reference
Evolution of astrocytes: from invertebrates to vertebrates
10.3389/fcell.2022.931311 · 2022 · External reference
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: the multitaskers in the brain
10.1007/s00424-023-02837-5 · 2023 · External reference
Immunoreactivity for intracellular androgen receptors in identified subpopulations of neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in primate prefrontal cortex
10.1002/(sici)1097-4695(19990915)40:4<446::aid-neu3>3.0.co;2-j · 1999 · External reference
A cold-blooded view of adaptive immunity
10.1038/s41577-018-0003-9 · 2018 · External reference
Origin and evolution of the adaptive immune system: genetic events and selective pressures
10.1038/nrg2703 · 2010 · External reference
Evaluating sex hormone levels in reproductive age women with multiple sclerosis and their relationship with disease severity
2012 · External reference
Requirements for Schwann cell migration within CNS environments: a viewpoint
10.1016/0736-5748(93)90052-f · 1993 · External reference
Regenerating CNS myelin-from mechanisms to experimental medicines
10.1038/nrn.2017.136 · 2017 · External reference
Revisiting remyelination: towards a consensus on the regeneration of CNS myelin
10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.09.009 · 2021 · External reference
Integrative neuro-endocrine pathways in the control of reproduction in lamprey: a brief review
10.3389/fendo.2013.00151 · 2013 · External reference
Sex-specific estrogen levels and reference intervals from infancy to late adulthood determined by LC-MS/MS
10.1210/clinem/dgz196 · 2020 · External reference
Induction of Kruppel-like factor 5 expression by androgens results in increased CXCR4-dependent migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro
10.1210/me.2009-0010 · 2009 · External reference
Glial expression of estrogen and androgen receptors after rat brain injury
10.1002/cne.10325 · 2002 · External reference
Interactions of estradiol and insulin-like growth factor-I signalling in the nervous system: new advances
10.1016/s0079-6123(08)81014-x · 2010 · External reference
Progesterone and its metabolites increase myelin basic protein expression in organotypic slice cultures of rat cerebellum
10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01881.x · 2003 · External reference
Roles of progesterone, testosterone and their nuclear receptors in central nervous system myelination and remyelination
10.3390/ijms21093163 · 2020 · External reference
Estrogen and testosterone therapies in multiple sclerosis
10.1016/s0079-6123(09)17516-7 · 2009 · External reference
Recent insights into astrocytes as therapeutic targets for demyelinating diseases
10.1016/j.coph.2022.102261 · 2022 · External reference
Ageing and multiple sclerosis
10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00184-3 · 2023 · External reference
Monitoring recovery after CNS demyelination, a novel tool to de-risk pro-remyelinating strategies
10.1093/brain/awad051 · 2023 · External reference
Transcriptional profiles of mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cells across the lifespan
10.1038/s43587-025-00840-2 · 2025 · External reference
Lifelong cortical myelin plasticity and age-related degeneration in the live mammalian brain
10.1038/s41593-018-0120-6 · 2018 · External reference
Myelin dysfunction in aging and brain disorders: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
10.1186/s13024-025-00861-w · 2025 · External reference
Progesterone and nestorone facilitate axon remyelination: a role for progesterone receptors
10.1210/en.2011-1219 · 2011 · External reference
The neural androgen receptor: a therapeutic target for myelin repair in chronic demyelination
10.1093/brain/aws284 · 2013 · External reference
Schwann cell remyelination of demyelinated axons in spinal cord multiple sclerosis lesions
10.1002/ana.410140313 · 1983 · External reference
Altered human oligodendrocyte heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis
10.1038/s41586-019-0903-2 · 2019 · External reference
Altered steroidome in women with multiple sclerosis
10.3390/ijms252212033 · 2024 · External reference
Estrogen-dependent transactivation of amphioxus steroid hormone receptor via both estrogen and androgen response elements
10.1210/en.2009-0766 · 2010 · External reference
Estrogen receptor (ER) beta expression in oligodendrocytes is required for attenuation of clinical disease by an ERbeta ligand
10.1073/pnas.1311763110 · 2013 · External reference
Functional myelin in cognition and neurodevelopmental disorders
10.1007/s00018-024-05222-2 · 2024 · External reference
Estriol ameliorates autoimmune demyelinating disease: implications for multiple sclerosis
10.1212/wnl.52.6.1230 · 1999 · External reference
The cuprizone animal model: new insights into an old story
10.1007/s00401-009-0591-3 · 2009 · External reference
Multiple sclerosis: neuroprotective alliance of estrogen-progesterone and gender
10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.01.001 · 2012 · External reference
New paradigms in chemokine receptor signal transduction: moving beyond the two-site model
10.1016/j.bcp.2016.04.007 · 2016 · External reference
Progesterone synthesis and myelin formation by Schwann cells
10.1126/science.7770777 · 1995 · External reference
Sex effects across the lifespan in women with multiple sclerosis
10.1177/1756286420936166 · 2020 · External reference
Differentiation block of oligodendroglial progenitor cells as a cause for remyelination failure in chronic multiple sclerosis
10.1093/brain/awn096 · 2008 · External reference
Neuroprotective effects of testosterone treatment in men with multiple sclerosis
10.1016/j.nicl.2014.03.001 · 2014 · External reference
Connexins in astrocyte migration
10.3389/fphar.2019.01546 · 2019 · External reference
A lamprey neural cell type atlas illuminates the origins of the vertebrate brain
10.1038/s41559-023-02170-1 · 2023 · External reference
Functional cooperation of the hedgehog and androgen signaling pathways during developmental and repairing myelination
10.1002/glia.23967 · 2021 · External reference
Serum amyloid a inhibits astrocyte migration via activating p38 MAPK
10.1186/s12974-020-01924-z · 2020 · External reference
Cellular phenotype of androgen receptor-immunoreactive nuclei in the developing and adult rat brain
10.1002/cne.20763 · 2005 · External reference
Androgen receptor in mouse brain: sex differences and similarities in autoregulation
10.1210/endo.139.4.5863 · 1998 · External reference
Multiple sclerosis lesions exhibit sex-specific steroid changes
10.1016/j.nbd.2025.107040 · 2025 · External reference
Membrane-initiated estrogen, androgen, and progesterone receptor signaling in health and disease
10.1210/endrev/bnab041 · 2022 · External reference
Toxin-based models to investigate demyelination and remyelination
10.1007/978-1-4939-9072-6_21 · 2019 · External reference
The TOTEM RRMS (testosterone treatment on neuroprotection and myelin repair in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis) trial: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
10.1186/s13063-020-04517-6 · 2020 · External reference
High-resolution transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of heterogeneity of brain-derived microglia in multiple sclerosis
10.3389/fnmol.2020.583811 · 2020 · External reference
Prolonged myelination in human neocortical evolution
10.1073/pnas.1117943109 · 2012 · External reference
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein reactive Th17 cells drive Janus kinase 1 dependent transcriptional reprogramming in astrocytes and alter cell surface cytokine receptor profiles during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
10.1038/s41598-024-63877-0 · 2024 · External reference
Bioenergetics of axon integrity and its regulation by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
10.1007/s12035-024-03950-x · 2024 · External reference
Multisystem multitasking by CXCL12 and its receptors CXCR4 and ACKR3
10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.022 · 2018 · External reference
Prevalence estimates for MS in the United States and evidence of an increasing trend for women
10.1212/wnl.58.1.136 · 2002 · External reference
Evolutionary history and functional characterization of androgen receptor genes in jawed vertebrates
10.1210/en.2009-0523 · 2009 · External reference
Testicular hypofunction and multiple sclerosis risk: a record-linkage study
10.1002/ana.24250 · 2014 · External reference
Estriol treatment ameliorates disease in males with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: implications for multiple sclerosis
10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.12.015 · 2004 · External reference
Androgens are protective in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: implications for multiple sclerosis
10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.11.004 · 2004 · External reference
Evolution of the expression and regulation of the nuclear hormone receptor ERR gene family in the chordate lineage
10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.09.003 · 2023 · External reference
CXCR4 promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors and remyelination
10.1073/pnas.1006301107 · 2010 · External reference
Astrocyte TNFR2 is required for CXCL12-mediated regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation and differentiation within the adult CNS
10.1007/s00401-012-1034-0 · 2012 · External reference
A review of the structural alterations in the cerebral hemispheres of the aging rhesus monkey
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.11.015 · 2012 · External reference
Remyelination therapies: a new direction and challenge in multiple sclerosis
10.1038/nrd.2017.115 · 2017 · External reference
Progesterone and contraceptive progestin actions on the brain: a systematic review of animal studies and comparison to human neuroimaging studies
10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101060 · 2023 · External reference
Immunocytochemical detection of androgen receptor in human temporal cortex characterization and application of polyclonal androgen receptor antibodies in frozen and paraffin-embedded tissues
10.1016/0960-0760(95)00165-v · 1995 · External reference
The role of astrocytes in remyelination
10.1016/j.tins.2020.05.006 · 2020 · External reference
Chemokines: a new class of neuromodulator?
10.1038/nrn2255 · 2007 · External reference
Neurochemokines: a menage a trois providing new insights on the functions of chemokines in the central nervous system
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07371.x · 2011 · External reference
Myelination
10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.074 · 2016 · External reference
Revisiting the roles of progesterone and allopregnanolone in the nervous system: resurgence of the progesterone receptors
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.09.004 · 2014 · External reference
Testosterone and myelin regeneration in the central nervous system
2021 · External reference
Treatment of multiple sclerosis with the pregnancy hormone estriol
10.1002/ana.10301 · 2002 · External reference
Testosterone treatment in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study
10.1001/archneur.64.5.683 · 2007 · External reference
Oligodendrocytes: myelination and axonal support
2015 · External reference
Nestorone (segesterone acetate) effects on neuroregeneration
10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101136 · 2024 · External reference
The interrelationship of estrogen receptor and GnRH in a basal vertebrate, the sea lamprey
10.3389/fendo.2011.00058 · 2011 · External reference
Estrogen mediates neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects during EAE through ERα signaling on astrocytes but not through ERβ signaling on astrocytes or neurons
10.1523/jneurosci.0886-13.2013 · 2013 · External reference
Evolution of chemokine receptors is driven by mutations in the sodium binding site
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006209 · 2018 · External reference
Schwann cell-like differentiation by adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells following engraftment into the demyelinated spinal cord is BMP-dependent
10.1002/glia.20369 · 2006 · External reference
Evolution of vertebrate steroid receptors from an ancestral estrogen receptor by ligand exploitation and serial genome expansions
10.1073/pnas.091553298 · 2001 · External reference
Sex hormones modulate brain damage in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence
10.1136/jnnp.2003.033324 · 2005 · External reference
Diversity matters: a revised guide to myelination
10.1016/j.tcb.2015.09.002 · 2016 · External reference
Revisiting the role of sexual hormones in the demyelinated central nervous system
10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101172 · 2025 · External reference
Chemokines: key molecules that orchestrate communication among neurons, microglia and astrocytes to preserve brain function
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.07.035 · 2020 · External reference
The effect of sex on multiple sclerosis risk and disease progression
10.1177/1352458519892491 · 2020 · External reference
All women with multiple sclerosis should start hormone replacement therapy at menopause unless contraindicated
10.1177/13524585241255002 · 2024 · External reference
Estriol combined with glatiramer acetate for women with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial
10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00322-1 · 2016 · External reference
Decreased neurofilament light chain levels in estriol-treated multiple sclerosis
10.1002/acn3.51622 · 2022 · External reference
Human neuronal maturation comes of age: cellular mechanisms and species differences
10.1038/s41583-023-00760-3 · 2024 · External reference
Forelimb motor learning and memory consolidation drives distinct oligodendrocyte plasticity to regulate task-related neuronal activity
10.4028/b-xdtcg5 · 2025 · External reference
Transcriptional heterogeneity between primary adult grey and white matter astrocytes underlie differences in modulation of in vitro myelination
10.1186/s12974-020-02045-3 · 2020 · External reference
Rapid production of new oligodendrocytes is required in the earliest stages of motor-skill learning
10.1038/nn.4351 · 2016 · External reference
Modulation of CXC-motif chemokine receptor 7, but not 4, expression is related to migration of the human prostate cancer cell LNCaP: regulation by androgen and inflammatory stimuli
10.1007/s00011-019-01305-0 · 2020 · External reference
Androgens show sex-dependent differences in myelination in immune and non-immune murine models of CNS demyelination
10.1038/s41467-023-36846-w · 2023 · External reference
The origin of the myelination program in vertebrates
10.1016/j.cub.2008.04.010 · 2008 · External reference
CNS-resident glial progenitor/stem cells produce Schwann cells as well as oligodendrocytes during repair of CNS demyelination
10.1016/j.stem.2010.04.002 · 2010 · External reference
Distinct transcriptomic and epigenomic responses of mature oligodendrocytes during disease progression in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
10.1038/s41593-025-02100-3 · 2025 · External reference
A role of endogenous progesterone in stroke cerebroprotection revealed by the neural-specific deletion of its intracellular receptors
10.1523/jneurosci.3874-16.2017 · 2017 · External reference
Post-CNS-inflammation expression of CXCL12 promotes the endogenous myelin/neuronal repair capacity following spontaneous recovery from multiple sclerosis-like disease
10.1186/s12974-015-0468-4 · 2016 · External reference
The chemokine superfamily revisited
10.1016/j.immuni.2012.05.008 · 2012 · External reference
Nuclear hormone receptors in demyelinating diseases
10.1111/jne.13171 · 2022 · External reference