Research graph
References from Central GHSR inverse agonism by a LEAP2 analog regulates thermometabolic and behavioral responses via catecholamine signaling. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
The ups and downs of growth hormone secretagogue receptor signaling
10.1111/febs.15718 · 2021 · External reference
The Pathologic Roles and Therapeutic Implications of Ghrelin/GHSR System in Mental Disorders
10.1155/2024/5537319 · 2024 · External reference
G Protein and beta-arrestin signaling bias at the ghrelin receptor
10.1074/jbc.m114.581397 · 2014 · External reference
Decreased hepatic response to glucagon, adrenergic agonists, and cAMP in glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycolysis in tumor-bearing rats
10.1002/jcb.27027 · 2018 · External reference
Trafficking of beta-Adrenergic Receptors: Implications in Intracellular Receptor Signaling
10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.03.008 · 2015 · External reference
Transmitting the Signal: Structure of the beta1-Adrenergic Receptor-Gs Protein Complex
10.1016/j.molcel.2020.09.016 · 2020 · External reference
The physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of dopamine receptors
10.1124/pr.110.002642 · 2011 · External reference
Trantham-Davidson H. Dopamine receptor signaling
10.1081/rrs-200029981 · 2004 · External reference
NIDA's medication development priorities in response to the Opioid Crisis: ten most wanted
10.1038/s41386-018-0292-5 · 2019 · External reference
Constitutive ghrelin receptor activity as a signaling set-point in appetite regulation
10.1016/j.tips.2004.01.010 · 2004 · External reference
Ghrelin receptor: high constitutive activity and methods for developing inverse agonists
10.1016/b978-0-12-381296-4.00006-3 · 2010 · External reference
High constitutive activity is an intrinsic feature of ghrelin receptor protein: a study with a functional monomeric GHS-R1a receptor reconstituted in lipid discs
10.1074/jbc.m111.288324 · 2012 · External reference
Modulation of the constitutive activity of the ghrelin receptor by use of pharmacological tools and mutagenesis
10.1016/b978-0-12-381298-8.00003-4 · 2010 · External reference
Molecular mechanism of agonism and inverse agonism in ghrelin receptor
10.1038/s41467-022-27975-9 · 2022 · External reference
Critical Insights Into LEAP2 Biology and Physiological Functions: Potential Roles Beyond Ghrelin Antagonism
10.1210/endocr/bqaf011 · 2025 · External reference
LEAP2 Is an Endogenous Antagonist of the Ghrelin Receptor
10.1016/j.cmet.2017.10.016 · 2018 · External reference
LEAP-2: An Emerging Endogenous Ghrelin Receptor Antagonist in the
2021 · External reference
Decoding the influence of central LEAP2 on food intake and its effect on accumbal dopamine release
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102615 · 2024 · External reference
LEAP2 Impairs the Capability of the Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor to Regulate the Dopamine 2 Receptor Signaling
10.3389/fphar.2021.712437 · 2021 · External reference
Peripheral ghrelin transmits orexigenic signals through the noradrenergic pathway from the hindbrain to the hypothalamus
10.1016/j.cmet.2006.09.004 · 2006 · External reference
Ghrelin potentiates cardiac reactivity to stress by modulating sympathetic control and beta-adrenergic response
10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.019 · 2018 · External reference
Ghrelin mediates stress-induced food-reward behavior in mice
10.1172/jci57660 · 2011 · External reference
Growth hormone secretagogue receptor in dopamine neurons controls appetitive and consummatory behaviors towards high-fat diet in ad-libitum fed mice
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104718 · 2020 · External reference
The catecholamine system in health and disease -Relation to tyrosine 3-monooxygenase and other catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes
10.2183/pjab.82.388 · 2007 · External reference
Catecholamine metabolic pathways and exercise training. Plasma and urine catecholamines, metabolic enzymes, and chromogranin-A
10.1161/01.cir.84.6.2346 · 1991 · External reference
A Novel Truncated Liver Enriched Antimicrobial Peptide-2 Palmitoylated at its N-Terminal Antagonizes Effects of Ghrelin
10.1124/jpet.122.001322 · 2022 · External reference
LEAP2 in Physiology-A Narrative Review
10.3390/ijms26010377 · 2025 · External reference
N-Terminal Liver-Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide 2 (LEAP2) Region Exhibits Inverse Agonist Activity toward the Ghrelin Receptor
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01644 · 2019 · External reference
LEAP2: from feeding regulation to its implications in eating disorders
10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115013 · 2025 · External reference
Behavioral effects evoked by the beta globin-derived nonapeptide LVV-H6
10.1016/j.peptides.2019.03.002 · 2019 · External reference
Behavioral effects of a low molecular weight peptide fraction from Phaseolus vulgaris in rats
10.1590/1414-431x2022e12314 · 2022 · External reference
Behavioral effects of Bj-PRO-7a, a proline-rich oligopeptide from Bothrops jararaca venom
10.1590/1414-431x20198441 · 2019 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1986 · External reference
Activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas axis attenuates the cardiac reactivity to acute emotional stress
10.1152/ajpheart.00433.2013 · 2013 · External reference
Role of dorsal raphe nucleus GHS-R1a receptors in the regulation of inhibitory avoidance and escape behaviors in rats
10.1016/j.bbr.2019.03.017 · 2019 · External reference
Changes in cutaneous and body temperature during and after conditioned fear to context in the rat
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04073.x · 2005 · External reference
Eye, body or tail? Thermography as a measure of stress in mice
10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.08.022 · 2018 · External reference
Serotonin in anxiety and panic: contributions of the elevated T-maze
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.007 · 2014 · External reference
Brain and kidney GHS-R1a underexpression is associated with changes in renal function and hemodynamics during neurogenic hypertension
10.1016/j.mce.2020.110984 · 2020 · External reference
A peptide fraction from hardened common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) induces endothelium-dependent antihypertensive and renal effects in rats
10.1016/j.crfs.2022.100410 · 2023 · External reference
A receptor in pituitary and hypothalamus that functions in growth hormone release
10.1126/science.273.5277.974 · 1996 · External reference
Ghrelin stimulates growth hormone secretion and food intake in aged rats
10.1016/j.mad.2006.10.001 · 2007 · External reference
10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.03.003 · 2022 · Admitted local publication
Ghrelin modulates sympathetic nervous system activity and stress response in lean and overweight men
10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.171025 · 2011 · External reference
Ghrelin mediates exercise endurance and the feeding response post-exercise
10.1016/j.molmet.2018.01.006 · 2018 · External reference
Thermoregulatory role of ghrelin in the induction of torpor under a restricted feeding condition
10.1038/s41598-021-97440-y · 2021 · External reference
Ghrelin is a signal to facilitate the utilization of fatty acids and save glucose by the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues in chicks
2022 · External reference
Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents
10.1038/35038090 · 2000 · External reference
Ghrelin stimulates fatty acid oxidation and inhibits lipolysis in isolated muscle from male rats
10.14814/phy2.14028 · 2019 · External reference
Central neural control of thermoregulation and brown adipose tissue
10.1016/j.autneu.2016.02.010 · 2016 · External reference
Central neural regulation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and energy expenditure
10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.007 · 2014 · External reference
Adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis under physiologically energetic challenges: a remodelled thermogenic system
10.1113/jp285269 · 2024 · External reference
Activation of human brown adipose tissue by a beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist
10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.009 · 2015 · External reference
GHS-R in brown fat potentiates differential thermogenic responses under metabolic and thermal stresses
10.1371/journal.pone.0249420 · 2021 · External reference
Adrenergic control of the human cutaneous circulation
10.1139/h09-076 · 2009 · External reference
Potential role of medullary raphe-spinal neurons in cutaneous vasoconstriction: an in vivo electrophysiological study
10.1152/jn.00221.2001 · 2002 · External reference
Skin blood flow in adult human thermoregulation: how it works, when it does not, and why
10.4065/78.5.603 · 2003 · External reference
Mechanisms and modulators of temperature regulation
10.1152/japplphysiol.00921.2010 · 2010 · External reference
Central dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in thermoregulation and performance during endurance exercise
10.1080/17461391.2015.1111938 · 2016 · External reference
Dopamine D2 Receptor Modulates Exercise Related Effect on Cortical Excitation/Inhibition and Motor Skill Acquisition
10.1523/jneurosci.2028-23.2024 · 2024 · External reference
LEAP2 modulates beta-adrenergic triggered cardiac responses and provokes antihypertensive effects
10.1016/j.lfs.2026.124243 · 2026 · External reference
Catecholamines production by kidney tissue and mesangial cell culture is differentially modulated by diabetes
10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-0236 · 2021 · External reference
Ghrelin increases anxiety-like behavior and memory retention in rats
10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02740-7 · 2002 · External reference
Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Increased Ghrelin Receptor Signaling in the Amygdala
10.1093/ijnp/pyv123 · 2016 · External reference
The orexigenic hormone ghrelin defends against depressive symptoms of chronic stress
10.1038/nn.2139 · 2008 · External reference
The Amygdala as a Neurobiological Target for Ghrelin in Rats: Neuroanatomical, Electrophysiological and Behavioral Evidence
10.1371/journal.pone.0046321 · 2012 · External reference
Clozapine: an atypical neuroleptic
10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80058-2 · 1990 · External reference
To eat or not to eat: A role for ghrelin and LEAP2 in eating disorders?
10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104045 · 2024 · External reference
Dopamine Depletion Reduces Food-Related Reward Activity Independent of BMI
10.1038/npp.2015.313 · 2016 · External reference
Evidence Supporting a Role for Constitutive Ghrelin Receptor Signaling in Fasting-Induced Hyperphagia in Male Mice
10.1210/en.2017-03101 · 2018 · External reference
Central effect of ghrelin, an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue, on hypothalamic peptide gene expression
10.1210/endo.141.12.7920 · 2000 · External reference
Sved AF. Anatomical substrates for the central control of sympathetic outflow to interscapular adipose tissue during cold exposure
10.1002/cne.10643 · 2003 · External reference
Dopaminergic input from the posterior hypothalamus to the raphe pallidus area inhibits brown adipose tissue thermogenesis
10.1152/ajpregu.00149.2021 · 2021 · External reference
Activating dopamine D2 receptors reduces brown adipose tissue thermogenesis induced by psychological stress and by activation of the lateral habenula
10.1038/s41598-019-56125-3 · 2019 · External reference
