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References from Ginsenosides as regulators of energy metabolism: benefits and mechanisms. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Energy metabolism in health and diseases
10.1038/s41392-025-02141-x · 2025 · External reference
Interplay of energy metabolism and autophagy
10.1080/15548627.2023.2247300 · 2024 · External reference
Exploring the influence of gut microbiome on energy metabolism in humans
10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.015 · 2023 · External reference
Transcriptional control of energy metabolism by nuclear receptors
10.1038/s41580-022-00486-7 · 2022 · External reference
The interactions between energy homeostasis and neurovascular plasticity
10.1038/s41574-024-01021-8 · 2024 · External reference
Early life energy balance: the development of infant energy expenditure and intake in the context of obesity
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Metabolic flexibility as an adaptation to energy resources and requirements in health and disease
10.1210/er.2017-00211 · 2018 · External reference
Metformin: update on mechanisms of action and repurposing potential
10.1038/s41574-023-00833-4 · 2023 · External reference
Energy metabolism and metformin: effects on ischemia-reperfusion injury in kidney transplantation
10.3390/biomedicines12071534 · 2024 · External reference
Once-weekly mazdutide in chinese adults with obesity or overweight
10.1056/nejmoa2411528 · 2025 · External reference
Mazdutide, a dual agonist targeting GLP-1R and GCGR, mitigates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction: mechanistic insights from multi-omics analysis
10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105791 · 2025 · External reference
The role of dietary antioxidants, food supplements and functional foods for energy enhancement in healthcare professionals
10.3390/antiox13121508 · 2024 · External reference
High-fat intake during lactation ameliorates cardiac fatty acid metabolic disorders and dysfunction in mouse offspring undergoing prenatal poly (I:C) stimulation
10.1038/s41401-025-01497-8 · 2025 · External reference
Examining the effects of nutrient supplementation on metabolic pathways via mitochondrial ferredoxin in aging ovaries
10.3390/nu16101470 · 2024 · External reference
Branched-chain amino acid accumulation fuels the senescence-associated secretory phenotype
10.4028/b-qt7ius · 2024 · External reference
Organism-wide, cell-type-specific secretome mapping of exercise training in mice
10.1016/j.cmet.2023.04.011 · 2023 · External reference
Molecular/nanomechanical insights into electrostimulation‐inhibited energy metabolism mechanisms and cytoskeleton damage of cancer cells
2023 · External reference
Regulation of energy metabolism by combination therapy attenuates cardiac metabolic remodeling in heart failure
10.7150/ijbs.49520 · 2020 · External reference
Mechanisms of motor symptom improvement by long-term Tai Chi training in Parkinson's disease patients
10.1186/s40035-022-00280-7 · 2022 · External reference
Phytochemistry of ginsenosides: recent advancements and emerging roles
10.1080/10408398.2021.1952159 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenosides in Panax genus and their biosynthesis
10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.017 · 2021 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rc maintains sleep rhythm homeostasis by alleviating oxidative stress
10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156634 · 2025 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits oxidative stress-induced ovarian granulosa cell injury through Akt-FoxO1 interaction
10.1007/s11427-021-2080-x · 2022 · External reference
The antioxidant and anti-fatigue effects of rare ginsenosides and γ-aminobutyric acid in fermented ginseng and germinated brown rice puree
10.3390/ijms251910359 · 2024 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 can reverse fatigue behavior in CFS rats by regulating EGFR and affecting Taurine and Mannose 6-phosphate metabolism
10.3389/fphar.2023.1163638 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 retards aging process by regulating cell cycle, apoptotic pathway and metabolism of aging mice
10.1016/j.jep.2020.112746 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside Re attenuates memory impairments in aged Klotho deficient mice via interactive modulations of angiotensin II AT1 receptor, Nrf2 and GPx-1 gene
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.003 · 2022 · External reference
Novel ginsenoside derivative 20(S)-Rh2E2 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in vivo and in vitro via intervention of cancer cell energy metabolism
10.1038/s41419-020-02881-4 · 2020 · External reference
The protective role of ginsenoside Rg3 in heart diseases and mental disorders
10.3389/fphar.2024.1327033 · 2024 · External reference
Protein target identification of ginsenosides in skeletal muscle tissues: discovery of natural small-molecule activators of muscle-type creatine kinase
10.1016/j.jgr.2019.02.005 · 2020 · External reference
Pharmacological effects of ginseng and ginsenosides on intestinal inflammation and the immune system
2024 · External reference
Ginsenosides for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes: Therapeutic perspectives and mechanistic insights
10.1016/j.jgr.2024.03.002 · 2024 · External reference
Ginsenosides in central nervous system diseases: pharmacological actions, mechanisms, and therapeutics
10.1002/ptr.7395 · 2022 · External reference
Effects of different extraction methods in pharmacopoeia on the content and structure transformation of ginsenosides
10.3390/molecules27144347 · 2022 · External reference
Shenyi Capsule plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses
10.1007/s11655-017-2951-5 · 2018 · External reference
Newly identified maltol derivatives in Korean Red Ginseng and their biological influence as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents
10.1016/j.jgr.2023.02.006 · 2023 · External reference
Recent trends in ginseng research
10.1007/s11418-024-01792-4 · 2024 · External reference
Modulating angiogenesis: the Yin and the Yang in Ginseng
10.1161/01.cir.0000140676.88412.cf · 2004 · External reference
The G115 standardized ginseng extract: an example for safety, efficacy, and quality of an herbal medicine
10.1016/j.jgr.2019.06.003 · 2020 · External reference
Comparison of ginsenoside components of various tissues of new zealand forest-grown Asian Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) and American Ginseng (Panax Quinquefolium L.)
10.3390/biom10030372 · 2020 · External reference
Identification and differentiation of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng by monitoring multiple diagnostic chemical markers
10.1016/j.apsb.2016.05.005 · 2016 · External reference
Phytochemistry of ginsenosides: Recent advancements and emerging roles
10.1080/10408398.2021.1952159 · 2023 · External reference
Panax notoginseng : panoramagram of phytochemical and pharmacological properties, biosynthesis, and regulation and production of ginsenosides
10.1093/hr/uhae170 · 2024 · External reference
Comparative studies of saponins in 1-3-year-old main roots, fibrous roots, and rhizomes of Panax notoginseng, and identification of different parts and growth-year samples
10.1007/s11418-012-0691-6 · 2013 · External reference
Chemical constituents of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng explain why they differ in therapeutic efficacy
10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105263 · 2020 · External reference
A systematic review of ginsenoside biosynthesis, spatiotemporal distribution, and response to biotic and abiotic factors in American ginseng
10.1039/d3fo03434h · 2024 · External reference
Research progress on chemical diversity of saponins in Panax ginseng
2024 · External reference
Saponins in the genus Panax L. (Araliaceae): A systematic review of their chemical diversity
10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.012 · 2014 · External reference
Insight on structural modification, biological activity, structure-activity relationship of PPD-type ginsenoside derivatives
10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105135 · 2022 · External reference
In vivo metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activities of ginsenosides from ginseng
10.1016/j.jgr.2025.05.003 · 2025 · External reference
Biopharmaceutical characters and bioavailability improving strategies of ginsenosides
10.1016/j.fitote.2018.06.001 · 2018 · External reference
Different pharmacokinetics of the two structurally similar dammarane sapogenins, protopanaxatriol and protopanaxadiol, in rats
10.1016/j.fitote.2013.01.019 · 2013 · External reference
Tolerability and pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, and compound K after single or multiple administration of red ginseng extract in human beings
10.1016/j.jgr.2018.10.006 · 2020 · External reference
Interpreting the efficacy enhancement mechanism of Chinese medicine processing from a biopharmaceutic perspective
10.1186/s13020-024-00887-0 · 2024 · External reference
Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides
10.1016/j.jgr.2018.06.001 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenosides from Panax ginseng: Their mechanisms, microbiome determinants, and translational strategies in therapeutic activity against cancer
10.1016/j.jgr.2026.101029 · 2026 · External reference
Methods on improvements of the poor oral bioavailability of ginsenosides: Pre-processing, structural modification, drug combination, and micro- or nano- delivery system
10.1016/j.jgr.2023.07.005 · 2023 · External reference
Saponins: advanced extraction, quantification techniques, multi-target bioactivities, and applications in food and health
10.1016/j.foodchem.2026.148836 · 2026 · External reference
Ginsenoside absorption rate and extent enhancement of black ginseng (CJ EnerG) over red ginseng in healthy adults
10.3390/pharmaceutics13040487 · 2021 · External reference
Pharmacokinetics of ginsenoside Rb1, Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, F2, and compound K from red ginseng extract in healthy korean volunteers
2022 · External reference
Ginseng and health outcomes: an umbrella review
2023 · External reference
Case 29-2024: A 47-year-old man with confusion and kidney failure
10.1056/nejmcpc2402492 · 2024 · External reference
Herbal medicine for cardiovascular diseases: efficacy, mechanisms, and safety
10.3389/fphar.2020.00422 · 2020 · External reference
Review of cases of patient risk associated with ginseng abuse and misuse
10.1016/j.jgr.2014.11.005 · 2015 · External reference
Therapeutic potential of ginseng in the management of cardiovascular disorders
10.2165/11594300-000000000-00000 · 2011 · External reference
Overview of Panax ginseng and its active ingredients protective mechanism on cardiovascular diseases
10.1016/j.jep.2024.118506 · 2024 · External reference
Pharmacological potential of ginseng and its major component ginsenosides
10.1016/j.jgr.2020.02.004 · 2021 · External reference
Mitochondrial connection to ginsenosides
10.1007/s12272-020-01279-2 · 2020 · External reference
Advances in myocardial energy metabolism: metabolic remodelling in heart failure and beyond
10.1093/cvr/cvae231 · 2024 · External reference
Cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure
10.1161/circresaha.121.318241 · 2021 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates heart failure ventricular remodeling by regulating the Twist1/PGC-1α/PPARα signaling pathway
10.3390/ph18040500 · 2025 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 promotes the activation of PPARα pathway via inhibiting FADD to ameliorate heart failure
10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175676 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb3 regulates energy metabolism and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes via activating PPARα pathway
10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109487 · 2019 · External reference
Nanoparticle conjugation of ginsenoside Rb3 inhibits myocardial fibrosis by regulating PPARα pathway
10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111630 · 2021 · External reference
Synergistic effects of Ginsenoside Rb3 and Ferruginol in ischemia-induced myocardial infarction
10.3390/ijms232415935 · 2022 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 improves cardiac function and remodeling in heart failure
10.1538/expanim.16-0121 · 2017 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rd attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via Akt/GSK-3β signaling and inhibition of the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway
2013 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg5 increases cardiomyocyte resistance to ischemic injury through regulation of mitochondrial hexokinase-II and dynamin-related protein 1
10.1038/cddis.2017.43 · 2017 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury via energy metabolism regulation mediated by RhoA signaling pathway
2017 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates rat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating energy metabolism pathways
10.3389/fphys.2018.00078 · 2018 · External reference
Ginsenoside-Rb1 improved diabetic cardiomyopathy through regulating calcium signaling by alleviating protein O-GlcNAcylation
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05706 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 protects rat cardiomyocyte from hypoxia/reoxygenation oxidative injury via antioxidant and intracellular calcium homeostasis
10.1002/jcb.22233 · 2009 · External reference
Regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism in health and disease
10.1038/nrendo.2017.80 · 2017 · External reference
Hepatic energy metabolism in human diabetes mellitus, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
10.1016/j.mce.2013.06.002 · 2013 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb3 strengthens the hypoglycemic effect through AMPK for inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis
10.3892/etm.2017.4280 · 2017 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg3 reduces lipid accumulation with AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) activation in HepG2 cells
10.3390/ijms13055729 · 2012 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg5 activates the LKB1/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway and modifies the gut microbiota to alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a High-Fat Diet
10.3390/nu16060842 · 2024 · External reference
HCBP6 deficiency exacerbates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in non-alcoholic fatty liver mice
10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110347 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside 25-OCH3-PPD promotes activity of LXRs To ameliorate P2X7R-Mediated NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of hepatic fibrosis
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01982 · 2018 · External reference
AMP‐activated protein kinase in the regulation of hepatic energy metabolism: from physiology to therapeutic perspectives
10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.01970.x · 2009 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against d-galactose induced fatty liver disease in a mouse model via FOXO1 transcriptional factor
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117776 · 2020 · External reference
The effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 in hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion-induced liver injury by inhibiting apoptosis
10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110398 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg5 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury via interfering Autophagy/Nrf2/Ferroptosis signal axis
10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156941 · 2025 · External reference
Evaluating the protective effects of individual or combined ginsenoside compound K and the downregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase expression against sodium valproate-induced liver cell damage
10.1016/j.taap.2021.115555 · 2021 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by ameliorating lipid peroxidation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammasome activation
10.1248/bpb.b18-00132 · 2018 · External reference
Korean red ginseng and its primary ginsenosides inhibit ethanol-induced oxidative injury by suppression of the MAPK pathway in TIB-73 cells
10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.038 · 2012 · External reference
Skeletal muscle energy metabolism during exercise
10.1038/s42255-020-0251-4 · 2020 · External reference
Improved inflammatory balance of human skeletal muscle during exercise after supplementations of the ginseng-based steroid Rg1
10.1371/journal.pone.0116387 · 2015 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 improves energy metabolism in the skeletal muscle of an animal model of postoperative fatigue syndrome
10.1016/j.jss.2014.04.042 · 2014 · External reference
Anti-fatigue effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on postoperative fatigue syndrome induced by major small intestinal resection in rat
10.1248/bpb.b13-00522 · 2013 · External reference
Evaluation of antifatigue effects of 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 in forced swimming mice
10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000385 · 2018 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg3 upregulates myotube formation and mitochondrial function, thereby protecting myotube atrophy induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha
10.1016/j.jep.2019.112054 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg5 promotes muscle regeneration via p38MAPK and Akt/mTOR signaling
10.1016/j.jgr.2023.06.004 · 2023 · External reference
Efficacy of gynostemma pentaphyllum extract in anti-obesity therapy
2020 · External reference
Central nervous system control of metabolism
10.1038/nature11705 · 2012 · External reference
Energy metabolism supports molecular and functional heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes in central nervous system disorders
10.1002/med.22103 · 2025 · External reference
The role of mitochondrial energy metabolism in neuroprotection and axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury
10.1016/j.mito.2023.01.009 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via protection of mitochondria and inhibition of AIF and cytochrome c release
10.3390/molecules181012777 · 2013 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rd attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction and sequential apoptosis after transient focal ischemia
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.01.007 · 2011 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rd attenuates redox imbalance and improves stroke outcome after focal cerebral ischemia in aged mice
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.05.029 · 2011 · External reference
Neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rd against oxygen-glucose deprivation in cultured hippocampal neurons
10.1016/j.neures.2009.03.016 · 2009 · External reference
Ginsenoside Re protects methamphetamine-induced mitochondrial burdens and proapoptosis via genetic inhibition of protein kinase C δ in human neuroblastoma dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cell lines
10.1002/jat.3093 · 2015 · External reference
Neuroprotection of ginsenoside Re in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
10.1080/10286020801892292 · 2008 · External reference
Ginsenosides attenuate bioenergetics and morphology of mitochondria in cultured PC12 cells under the insult of amyloid beta-peptide
10.1016/j.jgr.2020.09.005 · 2021 · External reference
Protective effects of ginsenoside Rb(3) on oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced ischemic injury in PC12 cells
10.1038/aps.2010.9 · 2010 · External reference
Neuroprotective effects of Ginsenoside Rf on Amyloid-β-Induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo
10.3233/jad-180251 · 2018 · External reference
Possible protection by notoginsenoside R1 against glutamate neurotoxicity mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors composed of an NR1/NR2B subunit assembly
10.1002/jnr.22021 · 2009 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating Pink1/ Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and inhibiting microglia NLRP3 activation
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111043 · 2024 · External reference
Synergistic neuroprotective effect of microglial-conditioned media treated with geniposide and ginsenoside Rg1 on hypoxia injured neurons
10.3892/mmr.2015.4094 · 2015 · External reference
Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 protect primary cultured astrocytes against Oxygen-Glucose deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced injury via improving mitochondrial function
10.3390/ijms20236086 · 2019 · External reference
Effects of the main active components combinations of Astragalus and Panax notoginseng on energy metabolism in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice
10.4103/0973-1296.165572 · 2015 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg5 improves sleep by regulating energy metabolism in sleep-deprived rats
10.1142/s0192415x23500817 · 2023 · External reference
Compound K inhibits autophagy-mediated apoptosis induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion via regulating AMPK-mTOR pathway in neurons
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117793 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rd attenuates mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome C release in isolated spinal cord mitochondria: involvement of kinase-mediated pathways
10.3390/ijms15069859 · 2014 · External reference
Ginsenoside Re mitigates 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced oxidative stress through upregulation of GPX4
10.3390/molecules25010188 · 2020 · External reference
Akt/Nrf2 activated upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 involves in the role of Rg1 against ferrous iron-induced neurotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells
10.1007/s12640-012-9362-3 · 2013 · External reference
Ginsenoside compound K ameliorates Alzheimer's disease in HT22 cells by adjusting energy metabolism
10.1007/s11033-019-04988-0 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 improves energy metabolism after spinal cord injury
10.4103/1673-5374.357915 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates isoflurane/surgery-induced cognitive disorders and sirtuin 3 dysfunction
10.1042/bsr20190069 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates D-galactose-induced neural stem cell senescence via the Sirt1-Nrf2-BDNF pathway
10.1111/ejn.16147 · 2023 · External reference
A SIRT1 activator, Ginsenoside Rc, promotes energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes and neurons
10.1021/jacs.0c10836 · 2021 · External reference
What fuels the fly: energy metabolism in drosophila and its application to the study of obesity and diabetes
10.1126/sciadv.abg4336 · 2021 · External reference
Antiobesity and antihyperglycemic effects of ginsenoside Rb1 in rats
10.2337/db10-0315 · 2010 · External reference
Central inflammation and leptin resistance are attenuated by ginsenoside Rb1 treatment in obese mice fed a high-fat diet
10.1371/journal.pone.0092618 · 2014 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 promotes browning through regulation of PPARγ in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.09.064 · 2015 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb2 alleviates obesity by activation of brown fat and induction of browning of white fat
10.3389/fendo.2019.00153 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes browning by inducing UCP1 expression and mitochondrial activity in 3T3-L1 and subcutaneous white adipocytes
10.1016/j.jgr.2018.07.005 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rd ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity by enhancing adaptive thermogenesis in a cAMP-Dependent manner
10.1002/oby.22761 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside Ro ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice via activation of the G Protein-Coupled Bile Acid Receptor 5 Pathway
10.1124/jpet.120.000435 · 2021 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates the abnormal hepatic glucose metabolism by activating STAT3 in T2DM mice
10.1016/j.jff.2023.105534 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Re attenuates diabetes-associated cognitive deficits in rats
10.1016/j.pbb.2011.12.003 · 2012 · External reference
Ginsenoside F1 administration promotes UCP1-dependent fat browning and ameliorates obesity-associated insulin resistance
10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.025 · 2023 · External reference
Altered metabolism in cancer: insights into energy pathways and therapeutic targets
10.1186/s12943-024-02119-3 · 2024 · External reference
Plasticity of cancer invasion and energy metabolism
10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.009 · 2023 · External reference
Targeting cancer energy metabolism: a potential systemic cure for cancer
10.1007/s12272-019-01115-2 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenosides in cancer: Targeting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis
10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110634 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenosides in cancer: A focus on the regulation of cell metabolism
10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113756 · 2022 · External reference
Ginsenoside-Rg2 exerts anti-cancer effects through ROS-mediated AMPK activation associated mitochondrial damage and oxidation in MCF-7 cells
10.1007/s12272-021-01345-3 · 2021 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rk1 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells
10.1016/j.tox.2019.02.010 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg3 overcomes tamoxifen resistance through inhibiting glycolysis in breast cancer cells
10.1002/cbin.12123 · 2024 · External reference
Anti-Warburg mechanism of Ginsenoside F2 in human cervical cancer cells via activation of miR193a-5p and inhibition of β-Catenin/c-Myc/Hexokinase 2 signaling axis
10.3390/ijms25179418 · 2024 · External reference
20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 promotes HeLa cell apoptosis by regulating autophagy
10.3390/molecules24203655 · 2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits HeLa cell energy metabolism and induces apoptosis by upregulating voltage-dependent anion channel 1
2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rh2 stimulates the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and induces apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting mitochondrial electron transfer chain complex
10.3892/mmr.2021.12513 · 2021 · External reference
Ginsenoside F2 induces apoptosis in humor gastric carcinoma cells through reactive oxygen species-mitochondria pathway and modulation of ASK-1/JNK signaling cascade in vitro and in vivo
10.1016/j.phymed.2013.10.013 · 2014 · External reference
(20S)-Protopanaxadiol Ginsenosides induced cytotoxicity via blockade of autophagic flux in HGC-27 cells
10.1002/cbdv.202000187 · 2020 · External reference
Stereospecificity of Ginsenoside AD-1 and AD-2 showed anticancer activity via inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species mediate cell apoptosis
10.3390/molecules28186698 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg5 induces apoptosis in human esophageal cancer cells through the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway
2019 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rh4 suppresses aerobic glycolysis and the expression of PD-L1 via targeting AKT in esophageal cancer
10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114038 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg3 and sorafenib combination therapy relieves the hepatocellular carcinomaprogression through regulating the HK2-mediated glycolysis and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
10.1080/21655979.2022.2074616 · 2022 · External reference
Apoptotic effect of compound K in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of glycolysis and Akt/mTOR/c-Myc signaling
10.1002/ptr.7087 · 2021 · External reference
Compound K-induced apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97-H cells in vitro
10.3892/or.2014.3171 · 2014 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rh2 impedes proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis by regulating NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in osteosarcoma cells
10.1002/jbt.22597 · 2020 · External reference
Effect of compound K, a metabolite of ginseng saponin, combined with gamma-ray radiation in human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
10.1021/jf900331g · 2009 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rh2 shifts tumor metabolism from aerobic glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation through regulating the HIF1-α/PDK4 axis in non-small cell lung cancer
10.1186/s10020-024-00813-y · 2024 · External reference
Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 inhibits the Warburg effect through STAT3 pathways in ovarian cancer cells
10.3892/ijo.2014.2767 · 2015 · External reference
Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 upregulates HIF-1α-targeting miR-519a-5p to inhibit the Warburg effect in ovarian cancer cells
10.1111/1440-1681.13321 · 2020 · External reference
Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 prevents PKM2-Targeting miR-324-5p from H19 sponging to antagonize the Warburg effect in ovarian cancer cells
10.1159/000495552 · 2018 · External reference
Retracted: Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates acute renal ischemia/reperfusion injury via upregulating AMPKα1 expression
2022 · External reference
Protective effects of Notoginsenoside R1 on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
10.1152/ajpgi.00123.2013 · 2014 · External reference
GPR30-driven fatty acid oxidation targeted by ginsenoside Rd maintains mitochondrial redox homeostasis to restore vascular barrier in diabetic retinopathy
10.1186/s12933-025-02638-3 · 2025 · External reference
Glucocorticoid receptors involved in ginsenoside compound K ameliorate adjuvant arthritis by inhibiting the glycolysis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via the NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway
10.1080/13880209.2023.2241512 · 2023 · External reference
Inhibitory effects of Ginsenoside Compound K on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory responses in macrophages by regulating sirtuin 1 and histone deacetylase 4
10.3390/nu15071626 · 2023 · External reference
Anti-inflammatory effects of ginsenoside compound K in ethanol-stimulated macrophages by modulating sirtuin 1
10.1016/j.jff.2024.106218 · 2024 · External reference
Ginsenoside F1-mediated telomere preservation delays cellular senescence
10.3390/ijms241814241 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 delays chronological aging in a yeast model via CDC19- and SDH2-Mediated cellular metabolism
10.3390/antiox12020296 · 2023 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 delays tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced premature senescence in human WI-38 diploid fibroblast cells
10.1093/gerona/63.3.253 · 2008 · External reference
Ginsenoside Rg1 performs anti-aging functions by suppressing mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis and activating sirtuin 3 (SIRT3)/superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) pathway in Sca-1+ HSC/HPC cells of an aging rat model
2020 · External reference
AMPK: mechanisms of cellular energy sensing and restoration of metabolic balance
10.1016/j.molcel.2017.05.032 · 2017 · External reference
New insights into activation and function of the AMPK
10.1038/s41580-022-00547-x · 2023 · External reference
The PI3K/AKT pathway in obesity and type 2 diabetes
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Ginsenoside 24-OH-PD from red ginseng inhibits acute T-lymphocytic leukaemia by activating the mitochondrial pathway
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