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References from Methylene blue modulates mitochondrial electron flow via multiple regulatory sites in isolated brain mitochondria: Implications for neurodegeneration. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Arrangement of electron transport chain components in bovine mitochondrial supercomplex I1III2IV1
10.1038/emboj.2011.324 · 2011 · External reference
Methylene blue delays cellular senescence and enhances key mitochondrial biochemical pathways
10.1096/fj.07-9610com · 2008 · External reference
Mitochondrial pharmacology: electron transport chain bypass as strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction
10.1002/biof.197 · 2012 · External reference
Combined activation of the energy and cellular-defense pathways may explain the potent anti-senescence activity of methylene blue
10.1016/j.redox.2015.09.004 · 2015 · External reference
Methylene blue preserves cytochrome oxidase activity and prevents neurodegeneration and memory impairment in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
10.3389/fncel.2020.00130 · 2020 · External reference
Molecular properties of methylene blue, a common probe in sorption and degradation studies: a review
10.1007/s10311-025-01856-1 · 2025 · External reference
Methylene blue induced O2 consumption is not dependent on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation: implications for salvage pathways during acute mitochondrial poisoning
10.1016/j.resp.2022.103939 · 2022 · External reference
The sites and topology of mitochondrial superoxide production
10.1016/j.exger.2010.01.003 · 2010 · External reference
Mitochondrial generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide as the source of mitochondrial redox signaling
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.001 · 2016 · External reference
Riding the tiger - physiological and pathological effects of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generated in the mitochondrial matrix
10.1080/10409238.2020.1828258 · 2020 · External reference
Behavioral, physiological and biochemical hormetic responses to the autoxidizable dye methylene blue
10.3844/ajptsp.2008.72.79 · 2008 · External reference
Tau protein and tau aggregation inhibitors
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.01.016 · 2010 · External reference
Methylene blue restores spatial memory retention impaired by an inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase in rats
10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00827-3 · 2002 · External reference
Methylene blue improves brain oxidative metabolism and memory retention in rats
10.1016/j.pbb.2003.10.007 · 2004 · External reference
Mitochondrial diseases of the brain
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.018 · 2013 · External reference
Methylene blue inhibits GABA(a) receptors by interaction with GABA binding site
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.002 · 2017 · External reference
Methylene blue offers neuroprotection after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats through the PI3K/Akt/GSK3beta signaling pathway
10.1002/jcp.27339 · 2019 · External reference
Exploring the role of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 4 in brain metabolism: implications for Alzheimer’s disease
10.3389/fnins.2024.1483708 · 2024 · External reference
The deactivation of soluble guanylyl cyclase by redox-active agents
10.1006/abbi.1997.0408 · 1998 · External reference
Hydrogen peroxide produced by mitochondrial monoamine oxidase catalysis: biological implications
10.2174/13816128113190990406 · 2014 · External reference
Functional analysis of direct in vitro effect of phosphorylated tau on mitochondrial respiration and hydrogen peroxide production
10.3390/biom15040495 · 2025 · External reference
Cannabinoid-induced changes in respiration of brain mitochondria
10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.09.002 · 2014 · External reference
Effect of simvastatin, coenzyme Q10, resveratrol, acetylcysteine and acetylcarnitine on mitochondrial respiration
10.14712/fb2016062020053 · 2016 · External reference
Effects of novel 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 inhibitors on mitochondrial respiration
10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.12.012 · 2021 · External reference
Sustained deficiency of mitochondrial complex I activity during long periods of survival after seizures induced in immature rats by homocysteic acid
10.1016/j.neuint.2009.11.011 · 2010 · External reference
Binding, aggregation and photochemical properties of methylene blue in mitochondrial suspensions
10.1111/j.1751-1097.2004.tb00389.x · 2004 · External reference
The PI3K-AKT pathway: a plausible therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease
10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104846 · 2023 · External reference
Methylene blue does not bypass complex III antimycin block in mouse brain mitochondria
10.1002/1873-3468.13332 · 2019 · External reference
Molecular mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect of methylene blue
10.1134/s0006297922090073 · 2022 · External reference
The influence of NO synthase inhibitor and free oxygen radicals scavenger--methylene blue--on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats
1998 · External reference
Revisiting the physiological effects of methylene blue as a treatment of cyanide intoxication
10.1080/15563650.2018.1429615 · 2018 · External reference
Antidotal effects of methylene blue against cyanide neurological toxicity: in vivo and in vitro studies
10.1111/nyas.14353 · 2020 · External reference
Assessment of the effects of drugs on mitochondrial respiration
10.1007/978-1-0716-1270-5_9 · 2021 · External reference
Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: new findings and perspectives
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111491 · 2025 · External reference
Effects of ultrasound on microbial growth and enzyme activity
10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.018 · 2017 · External reference
Methylene blue accelerates liquid-to-gel transition of tau condensates impacting tau function and pathology
10.1038/s41467-023-41241-6 · 2023 · External reference
Methylene blue counteracts H2S toxicity-induced cardiac depression by restoring L-type ca channel activity
10.1152/ajpregu.00527.2015 · 2016 · External reference
The photodynamic and direct actions of methylene blue on mitochondrial energy metabolism: a balance of the useful and harmful effects of this photosensitizer
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.015 · 2020 · External reference
Methylene blue stimulates substrate-level phosphorylation catalysed by succinyl-CoA ligase in the citric acid cycle
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.05.009 · 2017 · External reference
Mitochondrial effects of Hydromethylthionine, rivastigmine and memantine in tau-transgenic mice
10.3390/ijms241310810 · 2023 · External reference
Simultaneous high-resolution measurement of mitochondrial respiration and hydrogen peroxide production
10.1007/978-1-4939-2257-4_22 · 2015 · External reference
Methylene blue improves streptozotocin-induced memory deficit by restoring mitochondrial function in rats
10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.024 · 2017 · External reference
Methylene blue as a cerebral metabolic and hemodynamic enhancer
2012 · External reference
Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of ubiquinol diacetate: insights from SH-SY5Y cell line and Caenorhabditis elegans models of Parkinson's disease
10.1016/j.yexmp.2026.105023 · 2026 · External reference
The function and the role of the mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in mammalian tissues
10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.11.014 · 2013 · External reference
How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species
10.1042/bj20081386 · 2009 · External reference
Methylene blue inhibits amyloid Abeta oligomerization by promoting fibrillization
10.1021/bi700411k · 2007 · External reference
Methylene blue and Alzheimer’s disease
10.1016/j.bcp.2009.04.034 · 2009 · External reference
Quantification of methylene blue and evaluation of its pharmacokinetics in ICR mice by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry using difluoroacetic acid
10.1002/bmc.70080 · 2025 · External reference
Mitochondrial dysfunction and molecular pathways of disease
10.1016/j.yexmp.2006.09.008 · 2007 · External reference
Neuroprotective actions of methylene blue and its derivatives
10.1371/journal.pone.0048279 · 2012 · External reference
Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction using methylene blue or mitoquinone to improve skeletal aging
10.18632/aging.205147 · 2024 · External reference
Superoxide is produced by the reduced flavin in mitochondrial complex I: a single, unified mechanism that applies during both forward and reverse electron transfer
10.1074/jbc.m110.186841 · 2011 · External reference
Methylene blue and serotonin toxicity: inhibition of monoamine oxidase a (MAO a) confirms a theoretical prediction
10.1038/sj.bjp.0707430 · 2007 · External reference
Beneficial network effects of methylene blue in an amnestic model
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.11.023 · 2011 · External reference
Neurometabolic mechanisms for memory enhancement and neuroprotection of methylene blue
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.10.007 · 2012 · External reference
The association of neuropsychiatric symptoms in MCI with incident dementia and Alzheimer disease
10.1016/j.jagp.2013.01.006 · 2013 · External reference
Lest we forget you--methylene blue
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.12.012 · 2011 · External reference
Physiological roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species
10.1016/j.molcel.2012.09.025 · 2012 · External reference
In vitro effects of Cognitives and nootropics on mitochondrial respiration and monoamine oxidase activity
10.1007/s12035-016-0121-y · 2017 · External reference
Assessment of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymatic activities on tissues and cultured cells
10.1038/nprot.2012.058 · 2012 · External reference
Neuroprotective effects of methylene blue in streptozotocin-induced model of Alzheimer’s disease
10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148290 · 2023 · External reference
Methylene blue bridges the inhibition and produces unusual respiratory changes in complex III-inhibited mitochondria. Studies on rats, mice and guinea pigs
2021 · External reference
Synaptic mitochondria: an early target of amyloid-beta and tau in Alzheimer’s disease
10.3233/jad-215139 · 2021 · External reference
Enhanced hydrogen peroxide generation accompanies the beneficial bioenergetic effects of methylene blue in isolated brain mitochondria
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.09.024 · 2014 · External reference
Assessment of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in patient muscle biopsies, lymphoblasts, and transmitochondrial cell lines
10.1016/s0076-6879(96)64044-0 · 1996 · External reference
From mitochondrial function to neuroprotection-an emerging role for methylene blue
10.1007/s12035-017-0712-2 · 2018 · External reference
Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species
10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049478 · 2003 · External reference
Stimulation of respiration by methylene blue in rat liver mitochondria
10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00767-9 · 1997 · External reference
Alternative mitochondrial electron transfer as a novel strategy for neuroprotection
10.1074/jbc.m110.208447 · 2011 · External reference
Clinical, imaging and blood biomarker outcomes in a phase 3 clinical trial of tau aggregation inhibitor hydromethylthionine mesylate in mild cognitive impairment and mild to moderate dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease
10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100480 · 2026 · External reference
Methylene blue for prevention of perioperative neurocognitive disorders: mechanisms and recent clinical evidence
10.2147/dddt.s602971 · 2026 · External reference
The potentials of methylene blue as an anti-aging drug
10.3390/cells10123379 · 2021 · External reference
Mitochondria as a target for neuroprotection: role of methylene blue and photobiomodulation
10.1186/s40035-020-00197-z · 2020 · External reference
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced ROS release
10.1152/physrev.00026.2013 · 2014 · External reference
