References

Unresolved reference

1994 · External reference

Long-term effects of early childhood programs on cognitive and school outcomes

10.2307/1602366 · 1995 · External reference

First-grade retention among low-achieving students

1988 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1985 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1987 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1983 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Unresolved reference

1983 · External reference

Characteristics of retainees and early precursors of retention in grade

1993 · External reference

Grade retention and problem behavior

10.3102/00028312031004761 · 1994 · External reference

The perceived competence scale for children

10.2307/1129640 · 1982 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1985 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1999 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1980 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1982 · External reference

Grade level retention effects

1989 · External reference

The research evidence on the effects of grade retention

10.3102/00346543045004613 · 1975 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Unresolved reference

1992 · External reference

Success for All

10.3102/00028312030001123 · 1993 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Failure in grade

10.1080/00220671.1993.9941169 · 1993 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1995 · External reference

A longitudinal study of the effects of retention/promotion on academic achievement

10.3102/00028312024001107 · 1987 · External reference

Effect of grade retention on self-system processes, school engagement, and academic performance

10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.300 · 1992 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1991 · External reference

Early intervention and early experience

10.1037/0003-066x.53.2.109 · 1998 · External reference

Grade retention and school adjustment

10.3102/01623737014002101 · 1992 · External reference

Early schooling of children at risk

10.3102/00028312028002392 · 1991 · External reference

Effects of a preschool plus follow-on intervention for children at risk

10.1037/0012-1649.30.6.787 · 1994 · External reference

One year of preschool intervention or two

10.1016/0885-2006(95)90024-1 · 1995 · External reference

School adjustment of children at risk through fourth grade

1993 · External reference

Unresolved reference

1996 · External reference

Cognitive and family-support mediators of preschool effectiveness

10.2307/1131883 · 1996 · External reference

The state of early childhood intervention

1997 · External reference

Grade retention and school dropout

10.3102/00028312031004729 · 1994 · External reference

Dropping out of middle school

10.3102/00028312032003583 · 1995 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

School and community competence-enhancement and prevention programs

1998 · External reference