Research graph
References from Diabetes and the role of primary care: a global perspective. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
11th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas: global, regional, and national diabetes prevalence estimates for 2024 and projections for 2050
10.1016/s2213-8587(25)00299-2 · 2026 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2021 · External reference
The Lancet Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives
10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32374-6 · 2021 · External reference
Diabetes and multiple long-term conditions: a review of our current global health challenge
10.2337/dci23-0035 · 2023 · External reference
Current insights and emerging trends in early-onset type 2 diabetes
10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00225-5 · 2023 · External reference
Developmental overnutrition and obesity and type 2 diabetes in offspring
10.1007/s00125-019-4914-1 · 2019 · External reference
A scoping review on community-based diabetes screening interventions: paving the pathway to early care and prevention of diabetes
10.1007/s11892-025-01605-2 · 2025 · External reference
Screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
10.1001/jama.2021.10403 · 2021 · External reference
Digital interventions for self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic literature review and meta-analysis
10.2196/55757 · 2024 · External reference
Effect of virtual care in type 2 diabetes management—a systematic umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis
10.1186/s12913-025-12496-0 · 2025 · External reference
Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants
10.1016/s0140-6736(24)02317-1 · 2024 · External reference
Mortality attributable to diabetes in 20-79 years old adults, 2019 estimates: results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition
10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108086 · 2020 · External reference
Rural-urban differences in diabetes care and control in 42 low- and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level data
10.2337/dc21-2342 · 2022 · External reference
Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01301-6 · 2023 · External reference
Diabetes mellitus, the fastest growing global public health concern: early detection should be focused
10.1002/hsr2.2004 · 2024 · External reference
A systematic review of the economic burden of diabetes mellitus: contrasting perspectives from high and low middle-income countries
10.1080/20523211.2024.2322107 · 2024 · External reference
Cost of diabetes mellitus in Africa: a systematic review of existing literature
10.1186/s12992-017-0318-5 · 2018 · External reference
Cost of diabetes mellitus and associated factors—an institutional cross-sectional study in Ghana
10.1186/s12913-025-12667-z · 2025 · External reference
Rethinking primary care's gatekeeper role
2016 · External reference
Global, regional, and national estimates of undiagnosed diabetes in adults: findings from the 2025 IDF Diabetes Atlas
10.2337/dc25-2583 · 2026 · External reference
National evidence on glucose-lowering medication use for diabetes from 62 low-and middle-income countries
10.1038/s41467-025-59123-4 · 2025 · External reference
Interventions to address global inequity in diabetes: international progress
10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00914-5 · 2023 · External reference
The epidemiological and economic burden of diabetes in Ghana: a scoping review to inform health technology assessment
10.1371/journal.pgph.0001904 · 2024 · External reference
Diabetes--a global problem needing global solutions
10.1016/j.pcd.2008.12.001 · 2009 · External reference
Global, regional, and national cascades of diabetes care, 2000-23: a systematic review and modelling analysis using findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study
10.1016/s2213-8587(25)00217-7 · 2025 · External reference
Cascade of diabetes care in Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal: identifying gaps in the screening, diagnosis, treatment and control continuum
10.1038/s41598-023-37519-w · 2023 · External reference
The challenges in the development of diabetes prevention and care models in low-income settings
10.3389/fendo.2020.00518 · 2020 · External reference
Invisible inequities in type I diabetes care in India: a multi-stakeholder qualitative study from Karnataka
10.1371/journal.pgph.0005129 · 2025 · External reference
Role of primary care clinicians in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiorenal diseases
10.2337/cd21-0119 · 2022 · External reference
Contribution of primary care to health systems and health
10.1111/j.1468-0009.2005.00409.x · 2005 · External reference
Interpersonal continuity of care and care outcomes: a critical review
10.1370/afm.285 · 2005 · External reference
Effects of continuity of care on health outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension: a systematic review
10.1186/s12875-021-01493-x · 2021 · External reference
Continuity of care with doctors-a matter of life and death? A systematic review of continuity of care and mortality
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021161 · 2018 · External reference
Primary healthcare system performance in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review of the evidence from 2010 to 2017
10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001551 · 2019 · External reference
Can integrated care interventions strengthen primary care and improve outcomes for patients with chronic diseases? A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s12961-024-01260-1 · 2025 · External reference
The involvement of specialists in primary healthcare teams for managing diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s12875-025-02743-y · 2025 · External reference
Improving primary health-care services in LMIC cities
10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00537-0 · 2025 · External reference
“OpenWHO” SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS Courses: Training 10000 Health Care Providers in 100 Countries in 100 Days
10.4103/who-seajph.who-seajph_26_24 · 2024 · External reference
Co-designing interventions to strengthen the primary health care system for the management of hypertension and type 2 diabetes in China
2024 · External reference
Diabetes care in general practice: meta-analysis of randomised control trials
10.1136/bmj.317.7155.390 · 1998 · External reference
Glycemic and weight control in people with type 2 diabetes: a real-world observational study in primary care
10.1016/j.pcd.2024.12.002 · 2025 · External reference
Improving risk factor management for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: a systematic review of healthcare interventions in primary care and community settings
10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015135 · 2017 · External reference
Randomised controlled trial of structured personal care of type 2 diabetes mellitus
10.1136/bmj.323.7319.970 · 2001 · External reference
Interventions to improve the management of diabetes in primary care, outpatient, and community settings: a systematic review
10.2337/diacare.24.10.1821 · 2001 · External reference
The Ambulatory Diabetes Outreach Program (ADOP): rigorous evaluation of a pharmacist and nurse-led care model
10.1007/s11606-024-08970-w · 2025 · External reference
Evaluating a pharmacist-led cardio-renal-metabolic service to reduce healthcare inequities in a socioeconomically deprived population: a prospective intervention study
10.1007/s11096-025-01938-8 · 2025 · External reference
“Outcomes of treatment for people with type 2 diabetes within two nurse-led clinics in primary care in Iceland”
10.1080/22423982.2025.2517932 · 2025 · External reference
Evaluating the impact of the Piki te Ora extended primary care team on clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients: a retrospective study
10.1071/hc24108 · 2025 · External reference
Effects of a nurse-led diabetes self-management programme for people with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin injection therapy: a randomised controlled trial with qualitative process evaluation
10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2025.105200 · 2025 · External reference
Barriers, promoters, and strategies for improving task shifting and task sharing implementation in Nigeria: qualitative perspectives of policymakers
2023 · External reference
Task-shifting for cardiovascular risk factor management: lessons from the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases
10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001092 · 2018 · External reference
The best person (or machine) for the job: rethinking task shifting in healthcare
10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.08.008 · 2020 · External reference
Integrating cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes with HIV services: a systematic review
10.1080/09540121.2017.1344350 · 2018 · External reference
Continuity of care across sectors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide register study in Denmark
10.1016/j.pcd.2025.02.004 · 2025 · External reference
Organisation of primary diabetes care in people with type 2 diabetes in relation to all-cause mortality: a nationwide register-based cohort study
10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108352 · 2020 · External reference
The effect of the integration of health services on health care usage among patients with type 2 diabetes in North Karelia, Finland
10.1186/s12913-021-06059-2 · 2021 · External reference
A cost comparison of an enhanced primary care diabetes service and standard care
10.1016/j.pcd.2020.10.011 · 2021 · External reference
The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme (NHS-DPP): the DIPLOMA long-term multimethod assessment
10.3310/mwkj5102 · 2025 · External reference
Documenting and visualising progress towards Universal Health Coverage of insulin and blood glucose test strips for people with diabetes
10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107859 · 2019 · External reference
Assessing the influence of health systems on type 2 diabetes mellitus awareness, treatment, adherence, and control: A systematic review
10.1371/journal.pone.0195086 · 2018 · External reference
Effectiveness of digital health interventions for chronic conditions management in European primary care settings: systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2025.105820 · 2025 · External reference
Diabetes care delivery and outcomes by race and ethnicity: evaluation of an enhanced primary care practice model in the US Upper Midwest
10.1370/afm.240210 · 2025 · External reference
Barriers and enablers to implementing clinical practice guidelines in primary care: an overview of systematic reviews
2023 · External reference
Barriers and enablers to structured care delivery in Australian rural primary care
10.1111/ajr.12963 · 2023 · External reference
Barriers and facilitators to successful management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review
10.1371/journal.pone.0237542 · 2020 · External reference
A study on the clinical effectiveness of a tiered management model for type 2 diabetes based on a three-level linkage mechanism in the context of residency training: a randomized controlled trial
10.3389/fendo.2025.1618181 · 2025 · External reference
International variations in primary care physician consultation time: a systematic review of 67 countries
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017902 · 2017 · External reference
Measuring the availability of human resources for health and its relationship to universal health coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00532-3 · 2022 · External reference
The layered crisis of the primary care medical workforce in the European region: what evidence do we need to identify causes and solutions?
10.1186/s12960-023-00842-4 · 2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
Administrative burden in primary care: critical review
10.46747/cfp.7106417 · 2025 · External reference
Navigating collaboration in complex care: perspectives from general practitioners, hospital specialists, and patients - a qualitative study
10.1080/21548331.2025.2586449 · 2025 · External reference
Improving medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: strategies for better clinical and economic outcomes
10.1007/s00125-025-06617-x · 2026 · External reference
Association of patient cost sharing with adherence to GLP-1RA and adverse health outcomes
10.2337/dc24-2746 · 2025 · External reference
Diabetes and the fragmented state of US health care and policy
10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00299 · 2022 · External reference
How to fix a broken health care system: pathways to maximize health and well-being for all
10.2337/dci25-0001 · 2026 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2008 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
Diabetes in Kyrgyzstan: changes between 2002 and 2009
10.1002/hpm.2145 · 2013 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2022 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2018 · External reference
NCD Countdown 2025: accountability for the 25 × 25 NCD mortality reduction target
10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61091-6 · 2014 · External reference
25 by 25: Achieving global reduction in cardiovascular mortality
10.1007/s11886-015-0679-4 · 2016 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2013 · External reference
Improving health outcomes of people with diabetes: target setting for the WHO Global Diabetes Compact
10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00001-6 · 2023 · External reference
Global guideline recommended target achievements in glycaemic, blood pressure, and lipid control in type 2 diabetes: An updated meta-analysis of 1,618,972 participants
10.1016/j.diabres.2025.113001 · 2025 · External reference
Effect of intensive control of glucose on cardiovascular outcomes and death in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60697-8 · 2009 · External reference
Blood pressure lowering in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1001/jama.2014.18574 · 2015 · External reference
Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis
10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60104-x · 2008 · External reference
Risk Factors, mortality, and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes
10.1056/nejmoa1800256 · 2018 · External reference
Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes
10.1056/nejmoa0706245 · 2008 · External reference
Prevention and management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes: current challenges and opportunities
10.1097/xce.0000000000000199 · 2020 · External reference
Effect of early intensive multifactorial therapy on 5-year cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes detected by screening (ADDITION-Europe): a cluster-randomised trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60698-3 · 2011 · External reference
Long-term effects of intensive multifactorial therapy in individuals with screen-detected type 2 diabetes in primary care: 10-year follow-up of the ADDITION-Europe cluster-randomised trial
10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30349-3 · 2019 · External reference
Effect of an intensified multifactorial intervention on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in type 2 diabetes (J-DOIT3): an open-label, randomised controlled trial
10.1016/s2213-8587(17)30327-3 · 2017 · External reference
Effect of a multicomponent quality improvement strategy on sustained achievement of diabetes care goals and macrovascular and microvascular complications in South Asia at 6.5 years follow-up: Post hoc analyses of the CARRS randomized clinical trial
10.1371/journal.pmed.1004335 · 2024 · External reference
Effects of glucose-lowering and multifactorial interventions on cardiovascular and mortality outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials
10.1111/dme.12885 · 2016 · External reference
Cardiovascular efficacy and safety of antidiabetic agents: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1111/dom.15251 · 2023 · External reference
Health care provider prescribing habits and barriers to use of new type 2 diabetes medications: a single-system survey study
10.2337/cd22-0100 · 2023 · External reference
Glycaemic control is still central in the hierarchy of priorities in type 2 diabetes management
10.1007/s00125-024-06254-w · 2025 · External reference
Effectiveness of the chronic care model for adults with type 2 diabetes in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s13643-022-02117-w · 2022 · External reference
Quality improvement strategies at primary care level to reduce inequalities in diabetes care: an equity-oriented systematic review
10.1186/s12902-018-0260-4 · 2018 · External reference
Telehealth for diabetes self-management in primary healthcare: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1177/1357633x17700552 · 2018 · External reference
Multistrategic approach to improve quality of care of people with diabetes at the primary care level: Study design and baseline data
10.1016/j.pcd.2016.12.002 · 2017 · External reference
Improving diabetes care at primary care level with a multistrategic approach: results of the DIAPREM programme
10.1007/s00592-017-1016-8 · 2017 · External reference
New model for diabetes primary health care based on patient empowerment and the right to preventive health: the MIDE program
2017 · External reference
Community-based interventions for detection and management of diabetes and hypertension in underserved communities: a mixed-methods evaluation in Brazil, India, South Africa and the USA
10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001959 · 2020 · External reference
Improving care for hypertension and diabetes in India by addition of clinical decision support system and task shifting in the national NCD program: I-TREC model of care
10.1186/s12913-022-08025-y · 2022 · External reference
Expanding access to non-communicable disease care in rural Malawi: outcomes from a retrospective cohort in an integrated NCD-HIV model
10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036836 · 2020 · External reference
Study protocol for the SMART2D adaptive implementation trial: a cluster randomised trial comparing facility-only care with integrated facility and community care to improve type 2 diabetes outcomes in Uganda, South Africa and Sweden
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019981 · 2018 · External reference
Improving the management of type 2 diabetes in China using a multifaceted digital health intervention in primary health care: the SMARTDiabetes cluster randomised controlled trial
2024 · External reference
Preliminary effectiveness and feasibility of ASHA-led mobile health intervention for diabetes care in Indian primary health care settings
10.1038/s41598-025-20728-w · 2025 · External reference
Effects of a technology-assisted integrated diabetes care program on cardiometabolic risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in the asia-pacific region: The JADE Program randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.7557 · 2021 · External reference
No time to wait: resilience as a cornerstone for primary health care across Latin America and the Caribbean, a World Bank-PAHO Lancet Regional Health Americas Commission
2025 · External reference
Redesigning primary care to tackle the global epidemic of noncommunicable disease
10.2105/ajph.2014.302392 · 2015 · External reference
Financing national non-communicable disease responses
10.1080/16549716.2017.1326687 · 2017 · External reference
Tracking development assistance for health, 1990-2030: historical trends, recent cuts, and outlook
10.1016/s0140-6736(25)01240-1 · 2025 · External reference
Recent geopolitical shifts and their implications for global health: a new world order in the making
10.19080/jojph.2025.09.555770 · 2025 · External reference
The Lancet Global Health Commission on financing primary health care: putting people at the centre
10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00005-5 · 2022 · External reference
Health system performance for people with diabetes in 28 low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative surveys
10.1371/journal.pmed.1002751 · 2019 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
Defining the integrated neighbourhood model: a systematic review of key domains and framework development
10.1186/s12889-025-22582-x · 2025 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2020 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2018 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2023 · External reference
Prevalence and incidence of diabetes among Aboriginal people in remote communities of the Northern Territory, Australia: a retrospective, longitudinal data-linkage study
10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059716 · 2022 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2016 · External reference
Effective primary care management of type 2 diabetes for indigenous populations: a systematic review
10.1371/journal.pone.0276396 · 2022 · External reference
Effectiveness of integrated care for diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.5334/ijic.7744 · 2024 · External reference
The effects of multidisciplinary collaborative care on cardiovascular risk factors among patients with diabetes in primary care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/j.pcd.2024.05.003 · 2024 · External reference
Interprofessional collaboration and diabetes management in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of patient-reported outcomes
10.3390/jpm12040643 · 2022 · External reference
Diabetes care components effectively implemented in the ASEAN health systems: an umbrella review of systematic reviews
10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071427 · 2023 · External reference
Assessment of interprofessional collaborative practices and outcomes in adults with diabetes and hypertension in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36725 · 2021 · External reference
Task-sharing interventions for improving control of diabetes in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30449-6 · 2021 · External reference
Effectiveness of integrated chronic care models for cardiometabolic multimorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073652 · 2023 · External reference
Effects of integrated models of care for diabetes and hypertension in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043705 · 2021 · External reference
Advancing digital health equity: directions for behavioral and social science research
10.1093/tbm/ibac088 · 2023 · External reference
Quality improvement strategies for diabetes care: Effects on outcomes for adults living with diabetes
2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2021 · External reference
The impact of virtual consultations on the quality of primary care: systematic review
10.2196/48920 · 2023 · External reference
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of telemedicine among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1111/dme.15343 · 2024 · External reference
Comprehensive telehealth model to support diabetes self-management
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36876 · 2023 · External reference
Community-integrated noncommunicable disease service models: lessons from China
10.7189/jogh.15.04296 · 2025 · External reference
