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References from The role of IRF5 as an immune regulator. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Virus-specific activation of a novel interferon regulatory factor, IRF-5, results in the induction of distinct interferon α genes
10.1074/jbc.m101216200 · 2001 · External reference
Interferon regulatory factor 5, a novel mediator of cell cycle arrest and cell death
2003 · External reference
Role of IFN regulatory factor 5 transcription factor in antiviral immunity and tumor suppression
10.1073/pnas.0611559104 · 2007 · External reference
IRF-5 is a mediator of the death receptor-induced apoptotic signaling pathway
10.1074/jbc.m804744200 · 2009 · External reference
IRF5 promotes the proliferation of human thyroid cancer cells
10.1186/1476-4598-11-21 · 2012 · External reference
Integral role of IRF-5 in the gene induction programme activated by Toll-like receptors
10.1038/nature03308 · 2005 · External reference
TASL is the SLC15A4-associated adaptor for IRF5 activation by TLR7-9
10.1038/s41586-020-2282-0 · 2020 · External reference
The TLR7/9 adaptors TASL and TASL2 mediate IRF5-dependent antiviral responses and autoimmunity in mouse
10.1038/s41467-024-55692-y · 2025 · External reference
Comprehensive evaluation of the genetic variants of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) reveals a novel 5 bp length polymorphism as strong risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus
10.1093/hmg/ddm359 · 2008 · External reference
The interferon regulatory factor 5 gene confers susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and influences its erosive phenotype
10.1136/ard.2010.129171 · 2011 · External reference
A two-marker haplotype in the IRF5 gene is associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a North American cohort
10.1038/gene.2011.90 · 2012 · External reference
The role of IRF5 in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in ALS
10.1016/j.neulet.2026.138580 · 2026 · External reference
Predictive value of interferon regulatory factor 5 nuclear translocation in B cells for disease activity and flare in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective observational cohort study
10.1093/mr/roag024 · 2026 · External reference
Two discrete promoters regulate the alternatively spliced human interferon regulatory factor-5 isoforms
10.1074/jbc.m500543200 · 2005 · External reference
Functional characterization of murine interferon regulatory factor 5 (irf-5) and its role in the innate antiviral response
10.1074/jbc.m800501200 · 2008 · External reference
Interferon regulatory factor 5: a potential target for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory diseases
10.3389/fimmu.2025.1535823 · 2025 · External reference
Advances and challenges in targeting IRF5, a key regulator of inflammation
10.1111/febs.14654 · 2019 · External reference
Role of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in tumor progression: Prognostic and therapeutic potential
10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189061 · 2024 · External reference
Regulating IRFs in IFN driven disease
10.3389/fimmu.2019.00325 · 2019 · External reference
Therapeutic targeting of IRFs: pathway-dependence or structure-based?
10.3389/fimmu.2018.02622 · 2018 · External reference
Monocyte differentiation and antigen-presenting functions
10.1038/nri.2017.28 · 2017 · External reference
Human monocyte subsets and phenotypes in major chronic inflammatory diseases
10.3389/fimmu.2019.02035 · 2019 · External reference
Signals governing monocyte differentiation during inflammation
10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.007 · 2021 · External reference
Inflammation switches the differentiation program of Ly6Chi monocytes from antiinflammatory macrophages to inflammatory dendritic cells in the colon
10.1084/jem.20101387 · 2012 · External reference
From monocytes to M1/M2 macrophages: phenotypical vs. functional differentiation
10.3389/fimmu.2014.00514 · 2014 · External reference
IRF5 guides monocytes towards an inflammatory CD11c+ macrophage phenotype and promotes intestinal inflammation
10.1126/sciimmunol.aax6085 · 2020 · External reference
Interferon regulatory factor 5 involves the pathogenesis of emphysema through NLRP3 and Ly6C expressing cells
10.1038/s12276-025-01632-9 · 2026 · External reference
IRF5 promotes influenza virus-induced inflammatory responses in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myeloid cells and murine models
10.1128/jvi.00121-20 · 2020 · External reference
The macrophage-intrinsic MDA5/IRF5 axis drives HIV-1 intron-containing RNA-induced inflammatory responses
10.1172/jci187663 · 2025 · External reference
Monocytes from Irf5−/− mice have an intrinsic defect in their response to pristane-induced lupus
10.4049/jimmunol.1201162 · 2012 · External reference
CXCL4 synergizes with TLR8 for TBK1–IRF5 activation, epigenomic remodeling and inflammatory response in human monocytes
10.1038/s41467-022-31132-7 · 2022 · External reference
Defining genetic risk factors for scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease: IRF5 and STAT4 gene variants are associated with scleroderma while STAT4 is protective against scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease
10.1007/s10067-019-04922-6 · 2020 · External reference
Monocytes and macrophages: origin, homing, differentiation, and functionality during inflammation
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29686 · 2024 · External reference
IRF5 promotes inflammatory macrophage polarization and TH1–TH17 responses
10.1038/ni.1990 · 2011 · External reference
Irf5 deficiency in myeloid cells prevents necrotizing enterocolitis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization
10.1038/s41385-019-0169-x · 2019 · External reference
Macrophages: shapes and functions
10.1007/s40828-022-00163-4 · 2022 · External reference
The regulatory landscape of macrophage interferon signaling in inflammation
10.1016/j.jaci.2023.04.022 · 2023 · External reference
Irf5 knockdown in bone marrow-derived macrophages favors M1-to-M2 transition
10.3390/cells15030238 · 2026 · External reference
IRF5 is required for bacterial clearance in human M1-polarized macrophages, and IRF5 immune-mediated disease risk variants modulate this outcome
10.4049/jimmunol.1800226 · 2019 · External reference
The multiple roles of interferon regulatory factor family in health and disease
10.1038/s41392-024-01980-4 · 2024 · External reference
IRF5 regulates airway macrophage metabolic responses
10.1111/cei.13573 · 2021 · External reference
Early macrophage response to obesity encompasses Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 regulated mitochondrial architecture remodelling
10.1038/s41467-022-32813-z · 2022 · External reference
Chronic TLR7 and TLR9 signaling drives anemia via differentiation of specialized hemophagocytes
10.1126/science.aao5213 · 2019 · External reference
Effects of microglial activation and polarization on brain injury after stroke
10.3389/fneur.2021.620948 · 2021 · External reference
Redefining microglial identity in health and disease at single-cell resolution
10.1016/j.molmed.2020.09.001 · 2021 · External reference
Microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: mechanism and potential therapeutic targets
10.1038/s41392-023-01588-0 · 2023 · External reference
Microglia polarization from M1 to M2 in neurodegenerative diseases
10.3389/fnagi.2022.815347 · 2022 · External reference
Microglia morphophysiological diversity and its implications for the CNS
10.3389/fimmu.2022.997786 · 2022 · External reference
Microglial IRF5–IRF4 regulatory axis regulates neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia and impacts stroke outcomes
10.1073/pnas.1914742117 · 2020 · External reference
Interferon regulatory factor 5 regulates the phagocytosis of microglia and alleviate Alzheimer’s pathology
10.1093/gerona/glae031 · 2024 · External reference
Age-related differences in interferon regulatory factor-4 and -5 signaling in ischemic brains of mice
10.1038/aps.2017.122 · 2017 · External reference
DTX1 modulates microglial M1 polarization and exacerbates neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury model rats through NF—κB/IRF5
10.1007/s12035-025-05200-0 · 2025 · External reference
Microglia regulate myelin clearance and cholesterol metabolism after demyelination via interferon regulatory factor 5
10.1007/s00018-025-05648-2 · 2025 · External reference
IRF5 governs macrophage adventitial infiltration to fuel abdominal aortic aneurysm formation
10.1172/jci.insight.171488 · 2024 · External reference
Neutrophil diversity and function in health and disease
10.1038/s41392-024-02049-y · 2024 · External reference
Architecture of the neutrophil compartment
10.1038/s41586-025-09807-0 · 2026 · External reference
Interferon regulatory factor 5 associated neutrophil reprogramming by trained immunity protects against lethal-dose bacterial sepsis
10.1016/j.drup.2026.101393 · 2026 · External reference
Distinct transcription factor networks control neutrophil-driven inflammation
10.1038/s41590-021-00968-4 · 2021 · External reference
IRF5 controls both acute and chronic inflammation
10.1073/pnas.1506254112 · 2015 · External reference
Emerging role of human basophil biology in health and disease
10.1007/s11882-013-0408-2 · 2014 · External reference
Human basophils secrete IL-3: evidence of autocrine priming for phenotypic and functional responses in allergic disease
10.4049/jimmunol.0801782 · 2009 · External reference
STAT5 in human basophils: IL-3 is required for its FcεRI-mediated phosphorylation
10.1002/cyto.b.20629 · 2012 · External reference
T cell-intrinsic IRF5 regulates T cell signaling, migration, and differentiation and promotes intestinal inflammation
10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107820 · 2020 · External reference
Single-cell analysis identifies the interaction of altered renal tubules with basophils orchestrating kidney fibrosis
10.1038/s41590-022-01200-7 · 2022 · External reference
Eosinophils and eosinophilic immune dysfunction in health and disease
10.1183/16000617.0150-2021 · 2022 · External reference
A critical role for IRF5 in regulating allergic airway inflammation
10.1038/mi.2016.92 · 2017 · External reference
The GM-CSF-IRF5 signaling axis in eosinophils promotes antitumor immunity through activation of type 1 T cell responses
10.1084/jem.20190706 · 2020 · External reference
Dendritic cells in cancer immunology and immunotherapy
10.1038/s41577-019-0210-z · 2020 · External reference
Transcriptional regulation of DC fate specification
10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.021 · 2020 · External reference
The interferon (IFN) class of cytokines and the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) transcription factor family
10.1101/cshperspect.a028423 · 2018 · External reference
Frequency of IRF5+ dendritic cells is associated with the TLR7-induced inflammatory cytokine response in SARS-CoV-2 infection
10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156109 · 2023 · External reference
IRF5 regulates unique subset of genes in dendritic cells during West Nile virus infection
10.1002/jlb.ma0318-136rrr · 2019 · External reference
The IRAK1/IRF5 axis initiates IL-12 response by dendritic cells and control of Toxoplasma gondii infection
10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113795 · 2024 · External reference
Myeloid cell-intrinsic IRF5 promotes T cell responses through multiple distinct checkpoints in vivo, and IRF5 immune-mediated disease risk variants modulate these myeloid cell functions
10.4049/jimmunol.1900743 · 2020 · External reference
B cell-intrinsic role for IRF5 in TLR9/BCR-induced human B cell activation, proliferation, and plasmablast differentiation
10.3389/fimmu.2017.01938 · 2018 · External reference
Regulation of age-associated B cells by IRF5 in systemic autoimmunity
10.1038/s41590-018-0056-8 · 2018 · External reference
IRF5 controls plasma cell generation and antibody production via distinct mechanisms depending on the antigenic trigger
10.1111/imm.13879 · 2025 · External reference
Potential T cell-intrinsic regulatory roles for IRF5 via cytokine modulation in T helper subset differentiation and function
10.3389/fimmu.2020.01143 · 2020 · External reference
Plasticity of CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation
10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.001 · 2009 · External reference
Critical role of IRF-5 in the development of T helper 1 responses to Leishmania donovani infection
10.1371/journal.ppat.1001246 · 2011 · External reference
IRF5 mediates adaptive immunity via altered glutamine metabolism, mTORC1 signaling and post-transcriptional regulation following T cell receptor activation
10.1101/2024.08.26.609422 · 2024 · External reference
IRF-5 promotes cell death in CD4 T cells during chronic infection
10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.107 · 2018 · External reference
The TLR7/IRF-5 axis sensitizes memory CD4+ T cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis during HIV-1 infection
10.1172/jci.insight.167329 · 2023 · External reference
Interferon regulatory factor 4 differentially regulates the production of Th2 cytokines in naïve vs. effector/memory CD4+ T cells
10.1073/pnas.0803171105 · 2008 · External reference
Transcription factor IRF-5 regulates lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in murine CD8+ T-cells during viral infection
10.1038/s44318-025-00485-2 · 2025 · External reference
TOPK suppresses the CD8+ T cell antitumor immunity via modulation of IRF5 expression
10.34133/cancomm.0021 · 2026 · External reference
Phenotypically and functionally unique CD86 expression CD8 T cell subset shapes immune regulation in the tumor microenvironment
10.1016/j.jare.2026.04.006 · 2026 · External reference
CD8+ T cell states in human cancer: insights from single-cell analysis
10.1038/s41568-019-0235-4 · 2020 · External reference
B7-H1 blockade increases survival of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells and confers protection against Leishmania donovani Infections
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000431 · 2009 · External reference
IRF-5-mediated inflammation limits CD8+ T cell expansion by inducing HIF-1α and impairing dendritic cell functions during Leishmania infection
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004938 · 2015 · External reference
Contribution of IRF5 in B cells to the development of murine SLE-like disease through its transcriptional control of the IgG2a locus
10.1073/pnas.1005599107 · 2010 · External reference
Monoallelic IRF5 deficiency in B cells prevents murine lupus
10.1172/jci.insight.141395 · 2021 · External reference
Age-associated B. cells
10.1146/annurev-immunol-092419-031130 · 2020 · External reference
Genetic and chemical inhibition of IRF5 suppresses pre-existing mouse lupus-like disease
10.1038/s41467-021-24609-4 · 2021 · External reference
Genetic reduction of IRF5 expression after disease initiation reduces disease in a mouse lupus model by impacting systemic and end-organ pathogenic pathways
10.4049/jimmunol.2300298 · 2023 · External reference
Sex differences in the percentage of IRF5 positive B cells are associated with higher production of TNF-α in women in response to TLR9 in humans
10.1186/s13293-023-00495-x · 2023 · External reference