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References from Immunity-metabolism-senescence axis in liver fibrosis: mechanistic insights, therapeutic targets, and translational opportunities. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis: an update
10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7260 · 2014 · External reference
Resmetirom, the first FDA-approved drug for MASH: from drug discovery and action mechanisms to clinical trials
10.1007/s12272-025-01574-w · 2025 · External reference
Emerging insights into transforming growth factor β Smad signal in hepatic fibrogenesis
10.1136/gut.2005.088690 · 2007 · External reference
Oxidative stress and inflammation in hepatic diseases: therapeutic possibilities of N-acetylcysteine
10.3390/ijms161226225 · 2015 · External reference
Hepatic fibrosis: targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha from mechanism to medicines
10.1097/hep.0000000000000182 · 2023 · External reference
Farnesoid X receptor: from structure to function and its pharmacology in liver fibrosis
10.14336/ad.2023.0830 · 2024 · External reference
Targeting metabolic dysregulation for fibrosis therapy
10.1038/s41573-019-0040-5 · 2020 · External reference
Aging, ROS, and cellular senescence: a trilogy in the progression of liver fibrosis
10.1007/s10522-024-10153-3 · 2024 · External reference
Activation of GPR120 in podocytes ameliorates kidney fibrosis and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy
10.1038/s41401-020-00520-4 · 2021 · External reference
Senescence landscape in the liver following sepsis and senolytics as potential therapeutics
10.1111/acel.14354 · 2025 · External reference
Senotherapeutics: targeting senescence in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.008 · 2020 · External reference
Senescence and tissue fibrosis: opportunities for therapeutic targeting
10.1016/j.molmed.2024.05.012 · 2024 · External reference
Liver fibrosis: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic perspectives
10.3390/cells9040875 · 2020 · External reference
Liver immunology and its role in inflammation and homeostasis
10.1038/cmi.2016.3 · 2016 · External reference
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) in innate immunity. TLRs, NLRs, and RLRs ligands as immunotherapeutic agents for hematopoietic diseases
10.3390/ijms222413397 · 2021 · External reference
Structural mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation
10.1146/annurev-immunol-081022-021207 · 2023 · External reference
Activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes in Kupffer cells in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion
10.1111/febs.13123 · 2015 · External reference
The role of autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome in liver fibrosis
10.1155/2020/7269150 · 2020 · External reference
Liuweiwuling tablets attenuate BDL-induced hepatic fibrosis via modulation of TGF-β/Smad and NF-κB signaling pathways
10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.029 · 2018 · External reference
Harnessing metabolism of hepatic macrophages to aid liver regeneration
10.1038/s41419-023-06066-7 · 2023 · External reference
Anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory roles of TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-22 in immunity and autoimmunity
10.1016/j.coph.2009.04.008 · 2009 · External reference
Decreased Th1 cells and increased Th2 cells in peripheral blood are associated with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies patients with interstitial lung disease
10.1007/s10753-022-01747-5 · 2023 · External reference
TGF-β: the master regulator of fibrosis
10.1038/nrneph.2016.48 · 2016 · External reference
Dynamic crosstalk between HSCs and liver microenvironment: multicellular interactions in the regulation of liver fibrosis
10.3389/fcell.2025.1635763 · 2025 · External reference
Wnt/β-catenin signaling in liver development, homeostasis, and pathobiology
10.1146/annurev-pathol-020117-044010 · 2018 · External reference
Autophagy and senescence: the molecular mechanisms and implications in liver diseases
10.3390/ijms242316880 · 2023 · External reference
Mitochondria: a critical hub for hepatic stellate cells activation during chronic liver diseases
10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.04.010 · 2021 · External reference
GPR120: a critical role in adipogenesis, inflammation, and energy metabolism in adipose tissue
10.1007/s00018-017-2492-2 · 2017 · External reference
The role of GPR120 in diet induced obesity, mood dysregulation, and microglial function
2021 · External reference
Targeting hepatic stellate cell PD-L1 alters liver inflammation and fibrosis in CCl4 liver injury mouse model
10.1016/j.jcmgh.2025.101587 · 2025 · External reference
Progressive fibrosis in human MASLD is associated with spatially linked transcriptomic signatures of metabolic reprogramming and senescence
10.1016/j.jhepr.2025.101657 · 2025 · External reference
The power of plasticity—metabolic regulation of hepatic stellate cells
10.1016/j.cmet.2020.10.026 · 2021 · External reference
Insulin resistance in hepatocytes and sinusoidal liver cells: mechanisms and consequences
10.1016/j.jhep.2007.04.002 · 2007 · External reference
Fatty acids acutely enhance insulin-induced oxidative stress and cause insulin resistance by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and nuclear factor-κB inhibitor (IκB) -nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) activation in rat muscle, in the absence of mitochondrial dysfunction
10.1007/s00125-011-2396-x · 2012 · External reference
Role of PNPLA3 in hepatic stellate cells and hepatic cellular crosstalk
10.1111/liv.16117 · 2025 · External reference
Loss of hepatic Mboat7 leads to liver fibrosis
10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320853 · 2021 · External reference
FOXC2-AS1/FOXC2 axis mediates matrix stiffness-induced trans-differentiation of hepatic stellate cells into fibrosis-promoting myofibroblasts
10.7150/ijbs.81581 · 2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2024 · External reference
MBOAT7 in liver and extrahepatic diseases
10.1111/liv.15706 · 2023 · External reference
MBOAT7 down-regulation by genetic and environmental factors predisposes to MAFLD
10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102866 · 2020 · External reference
Relevance of lipid droplets in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
10.1080/14728222.2026.2671694 · 2026 · External reference
Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ modulate profibrogenic and proinflammatory actions in hepatic stellate cells
10.1053/gast.2000.9365 · 2000 · External reference
Limited therapeutic efficacy of pioglitazone on progression of hepatic fibrosis in rats
10.1136/gut.2005.079194 · 2006 · External reference
Lysophosphatidic acid receptors: biochemical and clinical implications in different diseases
10.7150/jca.41841 · 2020 · External reference
Obeticholic acid: first global approval
10.1007/s40265-016-0616-x · 2016 · External reference
Targeting glutamine metabolism in hepatic stellate cells alleviates liver fibrosis
10.1038/s41419-022-05409-0 · 2022 · External reference
Methionine metabolism in chronic liver diseases: an update on molecular mechanism and therapeutic implication
10.1038/s41392-020-00349-7 · 2020 · External reference
Changes in glutathione content in liver diseases: an update
10.3390/antiox10030364 · 2021 · External reference
Epigenetic modification regulates tumor progression and metastasis through EMT (review)
10.3892/ijo.2022.5360 · 2022 · External reference
Deficient synthesis of glutathione underlies oxidative stress in aging and can be corrected by dietary cysteine and glycine supplementation
10.3945/ajcn.110.003483 · 2011 · External reference
Programmed cell death in hepatic fibrosis: current and perspectives
10.1038/s41420-023-01749-8 · 2023 · External reference
The multifaceted role of ferroptosis in liver disease
10.1038/s41418-022-00941-0 · 2022 · External reference
Metformin prevents PFKFB3-related aerobic glycolysis from enhancing collagen synthesis in lung fibroblasts by regulating AMPK/mTOR pathway
10.3892/etm.2021.10013 · 2021 · External reference
Mitochondria: a critical hub for hepatic stellate cells activation during chronic liver diseases
10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.04.010 · 2021 · External reference
A role for mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation
10.1038/nature09663 · 2011 · External reference
Macrophage polarization and its role in liver disease
10.3389/fimmu.2021.803037 · 2021 · External reference
Metabolic mechanisms orchestrated by Sirtuin family to modulate inflammatory responses
10.3389/fimmu.2024.1448535 · 2024 · External reference
Progress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: SIRT family regulates mitochondrial biogenesis
10.3390/biom12081079 · 2022 · External reference
Role of cellular senescence in hepatic diseases (review)
10.3892/ijmm.2025.5623 · 2025 · External reference
Senescence of activated stellate cells limits liver fibrosis
10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.049 · 2008 · External reference
Navigating the complex role of senescence in liver disease
10.1097/cm9.0000000000003439 · 2024 · External reference
Regulation of MnSOD enzymatic activity by Sirt3 connects the mitochondrial acetylome signaling networks to aging and carcinogenesis
10.1089/ars.2013.5482 · 2014 · External reference
Activation of the miR-34a/SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway contributes to the progress of liver fibrosis via inducing apoptosis in hepatocytes but not in HSCs
10.1371/journal.pone.0158657 · 2016 · External reference
New insights into AMPK, as a potential therapeutic target in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and hepatic fibrosis
10.4062/biomolther.2024.188 · 2025 · External reference
Inhibition of ASCT2 induces hepatic stellate cell senescence with modified proinflammatory secretome through an IL-1α/NF-κB feedback pathway to inhibit liver fibrosis
10.1016/j.apsb.2022.03.014 · 2022 · External reference
Cellular and molecular functions of hepatic stellate cells in inflammatory responses and liver immunology
10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2014.11.03 · 2014 · External reference
SASP modulation for cellular rejuvenation and tissue homeostasis: therapeutic strategies and molecular insights
10.3390/cells14080608 · 2025 · External reference
Mechanobiology of YAP and TAZ in physiology and disease
10.1038/nrm.2017.87 · 2017 · External reference
Mechanosignaling via Integrins: pivotal players in liver fibrosis progression and therapy
10.3390/cells14040266 · 2025 · External reference
The role of YAP/TAZ activity in cancer metabolic reprogramming
10.1186/s12943-018-0882-1 · 2018 · External reference
The Hippo signaling pathway manipulates cellular senescence
10.3390/cells14010013 · 2025 · External reference
Flower-shaped lipid nanoparticles evade apolipoprotein E-mediated liver tropism for safe and enhanced cytokine-based cancer immunotherapy
10.1021/acsnano.5c11552 · 2025 · External reference
Transient hepatic reconstitution of trophic factors enhances aged immunity
10.1038/s41586-025-09873-4 · 2025 · External reference
Bile acids induce liver fibrosis through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and the mechanism of FXR inhibition of NLRP3 activation
10.1007/s12072-023-10610-0 · 2024 · External reference
Aspartate reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway via upregulating NS3TP1 expression
10.3390/jpm13030386 · 2023 · External reference