References

The vascularization of the epicardial and periaortic fat pads

1930 · External reference

CT and MR imaging of pericardial disease

10.1148/rg.23si035504 · 2003 · External reference

Pericardial fat, intrathoracic fat, and measures of left ventricular structure and function: the Framingham heart study

10.1161/circulationaha.108.828970 · 2009 · External reference

Validation of cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of pericardial adipose tissue volume

10.1186/1532-429x-11-15 · 2009 · External reference

Relationship between the echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue thickness and serum adiponectin in patients with angina

10.4250/jcu.2009.17.4.121 · 2009 · External reference

Pericardial fat, visceral abdominal fat, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and vascular calcification in a community-based sample: the framingham heart study

10.1161/circulationaha.107.743062 · 2008 · External reference

Epicardial fat and ventricular arrhythmias

10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.11.008 · 2024 · External reference

The role of epicardial adipose tissue-derived MicroRNAs in the regulation of cardiovascular disease: a narrative review

2023 · External reference

Epicardial fat: definition, measurements and systematic review of main outcomes

2013 · External reference

Pericardial and visceral adipose tissues measured volumetrically with computed tomography are highly associated in type 2 diabetic families

10.1097/00004424-200502000-00007 · 2005 · External reference

Epicardial and perivascular adipose tissues and their influence on cardiovascular disease: basic mechanisms and clinical associations

10.1161/jaha.113.000582 · 2014 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue: emerging physiological, pathophysiological and clinical features

10.1016/j.tem.2011.07.003 · 2011 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue in contemporary cardiology

10.1038/s41569-022-00679-9 · 2022 · External reference

Epicardial fat: a new cardiovascular therapeutic target

10.1016/j.coph.2016.01.004 · 2016 · External reference

The ventricular epicardial fat is related to the myocardial mass in normal, ischemic and hypertrophic hearts

10.1016/j.carpath.2004.08.005 · 2004 · External reference

Epicardial adipocytes in cardiac pathology and healing

2024 · External reference

The role of epicardial adipose tissue dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: an overview of pathophysiology, evaluation, and management

10.3389/fendo.2023.1167952 · 2023 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue adiponectin expression is related to intracoronary adiponectin levels

10.1055/s-0028-1100412 · 2009 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue and cardiac arrhythmias: focus on atrial fibrillation

10.3389/fcvm.2022.932262 · 2022 · External reference

Association of perivascular fat attenuation on computed tomography and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

10.1002/ehf2.14419 · 2023 · External reference

Endothelial dysfunction and diabetes: roles of hyperglycemia, impaired insulin signaling and obesity

10.1007/s00441-008-0685-6 · 2009 · External reference

The role of epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease

10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01141.x · 2010 · External reference

Lack of association between epicardial fat volume and extent of coronary artery calcification, severity of coronary artery disease, or presence of myocardial perfusion abnormalities in a diverse, symptomatic patient population: results from the CORE320 multicenter study

10.1161/circimaging.114.002676 · 2015 · External reference

Association of epicardial adipose tissue with progression of coronary artery calcification is more pronounced in the early phase of atherosclerosis: results from the heinz nixdorf recall study

10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.07.002 · 2014 · External reference

Linking abnormal fat distribution with HFpEF and diastolic dysfunction: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of observational studies

10.1186/s12944-024-02266-y · 2024 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue is a robust measure of increased risk of myocardial infarction—a meta-analysis on over 6600 patients and rationale for the EPIC-ACS study

10.1097/md.0000000000028060 · 2021 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue volume assessed by computed tomography and coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1093/ehjci/jex314 · 2018 · External reference

CT-derived epicardial adipose tissue density: systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109902 · 2021 · External reference

Associations of epicardial, abdominal, and overall adiposity with atrial fibrillation

10.1161/circep.116.004378 · 2016 · External reference

The impact of echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness on outcomes of Cryoballoon-Based atrial fibrillation ablation

10.1111/echo.13193 · 2016 · External reference

Association of echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness with the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome

2022 · External reference

Gender difference in the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue and Central obesity

10.1097/md.0000000000040756 · 2024 · External reference

The association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness around the right ventricular free wall evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography and left atrial appendage function

10.1007/s10554-019-01748-w · 2020 · External reference

The relationship between echocardiographic epicardial adipose tissue, P-wave dispersion, and corrected QT interval

2018 · External reference

Association of epicardial adipose tissue on magnetic resonance imaging with cardiovascular outcomes: quality over quantity?

10.1002/oby.24105 · 2024 · External reference

Exenatide decreases liver fat content and epicardial adipose tissue in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a prospective randomized clinical trial using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy

10.1111/dom.12680 · 2016 · External reference

Left atrial epicardial fat volume is associated with atrial fibrillation: a prospective cardiovascular magnetic resonance 3D Dixon study

10.1161/jaha.117.008232 · 2018 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue in obesity with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: cardiovascular magnetic resonance biomarker study

10.4330/wjc.v16.i3.149 · 2024 · External reference

The predictive value of epicardial adipose tissue volume assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance for atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

10.1007/s10554-020-02092-0 · 2021 · External reference

Association of increased epicardial adipose tissue thickness with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation

10.1097/md.0000000000002874 · 2016 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue and cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

2017 · External reference

Association between epicardial adipose tissue and adverse outcomes in coronary heart disease patients with percutaneous coronary intervention

10.1042/bsr20182278 · 2019 · External reference

Deep learning-based quantification of epicardial adipose tissue volume and attenuation predicts major adverse cardiovascular events in asymptomatic subjects

10.1161/circimaging.119.009829 · 2020 · External reference

Deep-learning for epicardial adipose tissue assessment with computed tomography: implications for cardiovascular risk prediction

10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.11.018 · 2023 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue, cardiac damage, and mortality in patients undergoing TAVR for aortic stenosis

10.1007/s10554-024-03307-4 · 2025 · External reference

Non-invasive detection of coronary inflammation using computed tomography and prediction of residual cardiovascular risk (the CRISP CT study): a post-hoc analysis of prospective outcome data

10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31114-0 · 2018 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue dispersion at CT and recurrent atrial fibrillation after pulmonary vein isolation

10.1007/s00330-023-10498-2 · 2024 · External reference

The relationship between enhancing left atrial adipose tissue at CT and recurrent atrial fibrillation

10.1148/radiol.212644 · 2022 · External reference

The pericoronary fat attenuation index in cardio-oncology: a promising imaging biomarker and a need for standardization

10.1007/s00330-025-11481-9 · 2025 · External reference

Beyond the AJR: pericoronary fat attenuation index measurements with CT-The need for standardization

10.2214/ajr.24.31946 · 2025 · External reference

Effect of vessel attenuation, VMI level, and reconstruction kernel on pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation for EID CT and PCD CT: an ex vivo porcine heart study

10.2214/ajr.24.31607 · 2024 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue ceramides are related to lipoprotein lipase activity in coronary artery disease: unfolding a missing link

10.1161/atvbaha.122.317840 · 2022 · External reference

Fully automated body composition analysis in routine CT imaging using 3D semantic segmentation convolutional neural networks

10.1007/s00330-020-07147-3 · 2021 · External reference

Season and clinical factors influence epicardial adipose tissue attenuation measurement on computed tomography and may hamper its utilization as a risk marker

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.01.025 · 2021 · External reference

Prognostic value of epicardial fat volume measurements by computed tomography: a systematic review of the literature

10.1007/s00330-015-3765-5 · 2015 · External reference

Computed tomography measured epicardial adipose tissue and psoas muscle attenuation: new biomarkers to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and mortality in patients with heart disease and critically ill patients. Part I: epicardial adipose tissue

10.5114/ait.2023.130922 · 2023 · External reference

Measurement of skeletal muscle radiation attenuation and basis of its biological variation

10.1111/apha.12224 · 2014 · External reference

Radiomics in medical imaging-"how-to" guide and critical reflection

10.1186/s13244-020-00887-2 · 2020 · External reference

Machine-learning-based radiomics identifies atrial fibrillation on the epicardial fat in contrast-enhanced and non-enhanced chest CT

10.1259/bjr.20211274 · 2022 · External reference

Novel imaging biomarkers: epicardial adipose tissue evaluation

10.1259/bjr.20190770 · 2020 · External reference

Volumetric assessment of epicardial adipose tissue with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging

10.1038/oby.2007.591 · 2007 · External reference

Quantification of epicardial fat using 3D cine dixon MRI

10.1186/s12880-020-00478-z · 2020 · External reference

Deep-learning segmentation of epicardial adipose tissue using four-chamber cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

10.3390/diagnostics12010126 · 2022 · External reference

Reproducibility of echocardiographic measurements of epicardial fat thickness

10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.11.127 · 2010 · External reference

Echocardiographic assessment of epicardial adipose tissue—a marker of visceral adiposity

2007 · External reference

How do we measure epicardial adipose tissue thickness by transthoracic echocardiography?

10.5152/akd.2015.5991 · 2015 · External reference

Relationship between pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation value and image reconstruction parameters

10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34763 · 2024 · External reference

Imaging cardiac fat

10.1093/ehjci/jet045 · 2013 · External reference

Association of pericardial fat, intrathoracic fat, and visceral abdominal fat with cardiovascular disease burden: the framingham heart study

10.1093/eurheartj/ehn573 · 2009 · External reference

Fully automatic myocardial segmentation of contrast echocardiography sequence using random forests guided by shape model

10.1109/tmi.2017.2747081 · 2018 · External reference

Recent progress in epicardial and pericardial adipose tissue segmentation and quantification based on deep learning: a systematic review

10.3390/app12105217 · 2022 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue: anatomic, biomolecular and clinical relationships with the heart

10.1038/ncpcardio0319 · 2005 · External reference

Human epicardial adipose tissue: a review

10.1016/j.ahj.2007.03.019 · 2007 · External reference

Increased subcutaneous and epicardial adipose tissue production of proinflammatory cytokines in cardiac surgery patients: possible role in postoperative insulin resistance

10.1210/jc.2006-1044 · 2006 · External reference

Automatic deep-learning segmentation of epicardial adipose tissue from low-dose chest CT and prognosis impact on COVID-19

10.3390/cells11061034 · 2022 · External reference

Automated pericardial fat quantification from coronary magnetic resonance angiography: feasibility study

2016 · External reference

Machine learning in the prediction of cardiac epicardial and mediastinal fat volumes

10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.02.010 · 2017 · External reference

A review of deep learning in medical imaging: imaging traits, technology trends, case studies with progress highlights, and future promises

10.1109/jproc.2021.3054390 · 2021 · External reference

Deep learning analysis of epicardial adipose tissue to predict cardiovascular risk in heavy smokers

10.1038/s43856-024-00475-1 · 2024 · External reference

Efficacy of cardiometabolic drugs in reduction of epicardial adipose tissue: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1186/s12933-023-01738-2 · 2023 · External reference

AI for radiographic COVID-19 detection selects shortcuts over signal

2020 · External reference

Artificial intelligence and explanation: how, why, and when to explain black boxes

10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111393 · 2024 · External reference

Interpretable machine learning model for early prediction of 28-day mortality in ICU patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy: development and validation

10.1186/s40001-023-01593-7 · 2024 · External reference

Effect of semaglutide on epicardial adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes: insights from the STOP (semaglutide treatment effect on coronary atherosclerosis progression) randomized trial

10.1016/j.jacc.2024.05.065 · 2024 · External reference

Impact of selected glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on serum lipids, adipose tissue, and muscle metabolism-A narrative review

10.3390/ijms25158214 · 2024 · External reference

Semaglutide therapy decreases epicardial fat inflammation and improves psoriasis severity in patients affected by abdominal obesity and type-2 diabetes

2023 · External reference

Human epicardial adipose tissue expresses glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors as potential targets of pleiotropic therapies

10.1093/eurjpc/zwad050 · 2023 · External reference

Human epicardial fat expresses glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 receptors genes

10.1055/s-0043-109563 · 2017 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue GLP-1 receptor is associated with genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and white-to-brown fat differentiation: a target to modulate cardiovascular risk?

10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.039 · 2019 · External reference

Underlying mechanisms and cardioprotective effects of SGLT2i and GLP-1Ra: insights from cardiovascular magnetic resonance

10.1186/s12933-024-02181-7 · 2024 · External reference

Tirzepatide reduces LV mass and paracardiac adipose tissue in obesity-related heart failure: SUMMIT CMR substudy

10.1016/j.jacc.2024.11.001 · 2025 · External reference

The impact of exercise training plus dietary interventions on ectopic fat in population with overweight/obesity with and without chronic disease: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and metaregression of randomized clinical trials

10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.104574 · 2025 · External reference

Dynamics of intrapericardial and extrapericardial fat tissues during long-term, dietary-induced, moderate weight loss

10.3945/ajcn.117.157115 · 2017 · External reference

Elucidating the primary mechanisms of high-intensity interval training for improved cardiac fitness in obesity

10.3389/fphys.2023.1170324 · 2023 · External reference

Epicardial adipose tissue changes after bariatric and metabolic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1007/s11695-023-06848-0 · 2023 · External reference