Research graph
References from MedNLI-Pain benchmarks a minimally necessary requirement for large language model alignment. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Appropriateness of cardiovascular disease prevention recommendations obtained from a popular online chat-based artificial intelligence model
10.1001/jama.2023.1044 · 2023 · External reference
Assessment of artificial intelligence chatbot responses to top searched queries about cancer
10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.2947 · 2023 · External reference
Accuracy and reliability of chatbot responses to physician questions
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.36483 · 2023 · External reference
Comparison of ophthalmologist and large language model chatbot responses to online patient eye care questions
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30320 · 2023 · External reference
10.48550/arxiv.2303.12712
10.48550/arxiv.2303.12712 · External reference
10.48550/arxiv.2303.13375
10.48550/arxiv.2303.13375 · 2023 · External reference
Assessment of short-answer questions by ChatGPT in a medical school course
10.1056/aics2500239 · 2026 · External reference
Clinical reasoning of a generative artificial intelligence model compared with physicians
10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.0295 · 2024 · External reference
Artificial intelligence vs clinician performance in estimating probabilities of diagnoses before and after testing
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.47075 · 2023 · External reference
Accuracy of a generative artificial intelligence model in a complex diagnostic challenge
10.1001/jama.2023.8288 · 2023 · External reference
ARTEMIS: a pilot study comparing AI-based and expert therapeutic decisions in simulated clinical cases of neuroendocrine neoplasms
10.1038/s41746-025-02274-x · 2025 · External reference
Re-engineering the clinical approach to suspected cardiac chest pain assessment in the emergency department by expediting research evidence to practice using artificial intelligence. (RAPIDx AI)—a cluster randomized study design
10.1016/j.ahj.2025.02.016 · 2025 · External reference
Impact of artificial intelligence–based triage decision support on emergency department care
10.1056/aioa2400296 · 2025 · External reference
Artificial intelligence in primary care: innovation at a crossroads
10.1016/j.lanprc.2025.100078 · 2026 · External reference
Towards conversational diagnostic artificial intelligence
10.1038/s41586-025-08866-7 · 2025 · External reference
An evaluation framework for clinical use of large language models in patient interaction tasks
10.1038/s41591-024-03328-5 · 2025 · External reference
Development and evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based workflow for the prioritization of patient portal messages
10.1093/jamiaopen/ooae078 · 2024 · External reference
Early clinical evaluation of AI triage of chest radiographs: time to diagnosis for suspected cancer and number of urgent CT referrals
10.1056/aics2500539 · 2025 · External reference
AI alignment: a contemporary survey
10.1145/3770749 · 2025 · External reference
Simulated misuse of large language models and clinical credit systems
10.1038/s41746-024-01306-2 · 2024 · External reference
Sociodemographic biases in medical decision making by large language models
10.1038/s41591-025-03626-6 · 2025 · External reference
When helpfulness backfires: LLMs and the risk of false medical information due to sycophantic behavior
10.1038/s41746-025-02008-z · 2025 · External reference
Medical artificial intelligence and human values
10.1056/nejmra2214183 · 2024 · External reference
10.18653/v1/d18-1187
10.18653/v1/d18-1187 · 2018 · External reference
MIMIC-III, a freely accessible critical care database
10.1038/sdata.2016.35 · 2016 · External reference
Explaining the efficacy of counterfactually augmented data
2021 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Building predictive models in R using the caret package
10.18637/jss.v028.i05 · 2008 · External reference
10.1007/978-3-319-24277-4
10.1007/978-3-319-24277-4 · 2016 · External reference
The assessment of pain in older people: UK national guidelines
10.1093/ageing/afx192 · 2018 · External reference
Comparing the psychometric properties of the checklist of nonverbal pain behaviors (CNPI) and the pain assessment in advanced dementia (PAIN-AD) instruments
10.1111/j.1526-4637.2009.00787.x · 2010 · External reference
A large language model for electronic health records
10.1038/s41746-022-00742-2 · 2022 · External reference
AI agents, automaticity, and value alignment in health care
10.1056/aip2401165 · 2025 · External reference
