Research graph
References from Combination of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors With Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Targeted Agents in Advanced Gastric and Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
2021 · External reference
Recent progress and current challenges of immunotherapy in advanced/metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma
10.1016/j.ejca.2022.08.023 · 2022 · External reference
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy for gastric cancer: rational strategies, novel advancements, challenges, and future perspectives
10.1186/s10020-025-01075-y · 2025 · External reference
IMbrave150 investigators. atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
10.1056/nejmoa1915745 · 2020 · External reference
Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (CheckMate 9ER): long-term follow-up results from an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00290-x · 2022 · External reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib as first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (CLEAR): extended follow-up from the phase 3, randomised, open-label study
10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00049-9 · 2023 · External reference
The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors with VEGF targeted agents in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: a review on the rationale and results of early phase trials
10.1186/s13045-021-01034-0 · 2021 · External reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer in the first-line or second-line setting (EPOC1706): an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30271-0 · 2020 · External reference
The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.105906 · 2021 · External reference
Use of logit transformation within statistical analyses of experimental results obtained as proportions: example of method validation experiments and EQA in flow cytometry
10.3389/fmolb.2024.1335174 · 2024 · External reference
Bias and efficiency of meta-analytic variance estimators in the random-effects model
10.3102/10769986030003261 · 2005 · External reference
Interpretation of subgroup analyses in systematic reviews: a tutorial
10.1016/j.cegh.2018.05.005 · 2019 · External reference
Multicenter phase I/II study of nivolumab combined with paclitaxel plus ramucirumab as second-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3559 · 2021 · External reference
First-line regorafenib with nivolumab and chemotherapy in advanced oesophageal, gastric, or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer in the USA: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00358-3 · 2023 · External reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in advanced metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: the phase III, randomized LEAP-015 study
10.1200/jco-25-00748 · 2025 · External reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab for patients with previously treated advanced gastric, biliary tract, or pancreatic cancer: results from the phase II LEAP-005 study
10.1158/2767-9764.crc-26-0018 · 2026 · External reference
Ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab in patients with previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, gastro-oesophageal cancer, or urothelial carcinomas (JVDF): a multicohort, non-randomised, open-label, phase 1a/b trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30458-9 · 2019 · External reference
Ramucirumab in combination with pembrolizumab in treatment-naïve advanced gastric or gej adenocarcinoma: safety and antitumor activity from the phase 1a/b jvdf trial
10.3390/cancers12102985 · 2020 · External reference
Distinct spatially resolved tumor microenvironment trajectories define benefit from ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab in refractory PD-L1+ gastric cancer
10.1158/2326-6066.cir-25-0625 · 2026 · External reference
Regorafenib plus nivolumab in patients with advanced gastric or colorectal cancer: an open-label, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion phase Ib trial (REGONIVO, EPOC1603)
10.1200/jco.19.03296 · 2020 · External reference
Ramucirumab, avelumab, and paclitaxel as second-line treatment in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma: the phase 2 RAP (AIO-STO-0218) nonrandomized controlled trial
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52830 · 2024 · External reference
Ramucirumab and durvalumab for previously treated, advanced non–small-cell lung cancer, gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, or hepatocellular carcinoma: an open-label, phase Ia/b study (JVDJ)
10.1016/j.ejca.2020.06.007 · 2020 · External reference
PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX as first-line treatment in patients with AFP-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (CAP 06): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial
10.1038/s41392-025-02193-z · 2025 · External reference
Treatment response, survival, and safety profile of camrelizumab plus apatinib regimen as third-line treatment in metastatic gastric cancer patients
10.1016/j.clinre.2022.101962 · 2022 · External reference
Camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy followed by camrelizumab plus apatinib as first-line therapy for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4691 · 2021 · External reference
Camrelizumab combined with apatinib and S-1 as second-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study
10.1007/s00262-022-03174-9 · 2022 · External reference
A retrospective cohort study examining the effects of anti-PD-1 antibody in combination with apatinib in patients previously treated for HER2-negative advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer
10.1002/jcph.2237 · 2023 · External reference
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with apatinib and camrelizumab for unresectable advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a single-arm, single-center, retrospective study
10.3389/fonc.2023.1143578 · 2023 · External reference
First-line camrelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) plus apatinib (an VEGFR-2 inhibitor) and chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (SPACE): a phase 1 study
2024 · External reference
Anti-PD-1 antibody SHR-1210 combined with apatinib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric, or esophagogastric junction cancer: an open-label, dose escalation and expansion study
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2484 · 2019 · External reference
Efficacy and safety of sintilimab combined with apatinib as third-line or above therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer
10.1097/cad.0000000000001554 · 2024 · External reference
Sintilimab plus apatinib and chemotherapy as second-/third-line treatment for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a prospective, single-arm, phase II trial
10.1186/s12885-023-10661-4 · 2023 · External reference
Cabozantinib plus atezolizumab in previously untreated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and previously treated gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: results from two expansion cohorts of a multicentre, open-label, phase 1b trial (COSMIC-021)
10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102376 · 2023 · External reference
A phase II study of cabozantinib and pembrolizumab in advanced gastric/gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas resistant or refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors
10.1093/oncolo/oyae117 · 2024 · External reference
First-line apatinib combined with tislelizumab and chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis
10.1158/1535-7163.mct-24-0143 · 2025 · External reference
The evaluation of the efficacy and safety about apatinib combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer: a real-world study
10.3389/fonc.2025.1578011 · 2025 · External reference
SAFFRON-104: a phase Ib/II study of sitravatinib alone or with tislelizumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancer/gastroesophageal junction cancer
2024 · External reference
Direct and indirect regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by VEGF
10.1002/jlb.5ru0222-082r · 2022 · External reference
Augmenting anticancer immunity through combined targeting of angiogenic and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways: challenges and opportunities
10.3389/fimmu.2020.598877 · 2020 · External reference
Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone for patients with first-line, advanced gastric cancer: the KEYNOTE-062 phase 3 randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.3370 · 2020 · External reference
First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00797-2 · 2021 · External reference
Ramucirumab monotherapy for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (REGARD): an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61719-5 · 2014 · External reference
RAINBOW Study Group. Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel in patients with previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW): a double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70420-6 · 2014 · External reference
A prognostic model in patients treated for metastatic gastric cancer with second-line chemotherapy
10.1093/annonc/mdq032 · 2010 · External reference
RATIONALE-305 investigators. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first line treatment for advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: RATIONALE-305 randomised, double blind, phase 3 trial
10.1136/bmj-2023-078876 · 2024 · External reference
Efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s13045-016-0340-8 · 2016 · External reference
A systematic review and meta-analysis of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors monotherapy in metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1321 · 2020 · External reference
The efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1007/s00228-025-03861-3 · 2025 · External reference
Gastric cancer, version 2.2025, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology
10.6004/jnccn.2025.0022 · 2025 · External reference
All in the levels-programmed death-ligand 1 expression as a biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor response in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
10.1002/onco.13526 · 2021 · External reference
KEYNOTE-061 investigators. Pembrolizumab versus paclitaxel for previously treated, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (KEYNOTE-061): a randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31257-1 · 2018 · External reference
Ramucirumab, avelumab, and paclitaxel as second-line treatment in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma: the phase 2 RAP (AIO-STO-0218) nonrandomized controlled trial
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.52830 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone for patients with first-line, advanced gastric cancer: the KEYNOTE-062 phase 3 randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.3370 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A retrospective cohort study examining the effects of anti-PD-1 antibody in combination with apatinib in patients previously treated for HER2-negative advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer
10.1002/jcph.2237 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Direct and indirect regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by VEGF
10.1002/jlb.5ru0222-082r · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
All in the levels-programmed death-ligand 1 expression as a biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor response in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
10.1002/onco.13526 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1007/s00228-025-03861-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Camrelizumab combined with apatinib and S-1 as second-line treatment for patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study
10.1007/s00262-022-03174-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Interpretation of subgroup analyses in systematic reviews: a tutorial
10.1016/j.cegh.2018.05.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Treatment response, survival, and safety profile of camrelizumab plus apatinib regimen as third-line treatment in metastatic gastric cancer patients
10.1016/j.clinre.2022.101962 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Cabozantinib plus atezolizumab in previously untreated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and previously treated gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: results from two expansion cohorts of a multicentre, open-label, phase 1b trial (COSMIC-021)
10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102376 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ramucirumab and durvalumab for previously treated, advanced non–small-cell lung cancer, gastric/gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, or hepatocellular carcinoma: an open-label, phase Ia/b study (JVDJ)
10.1016/j.ejca.2020.06.007 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Recent progress and current challenges of immunotherapy in advanced/metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma
10.1016/j.ejca.2022.08.023 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.105906 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ramucirumab monotherapy for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (REGARD): an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61719-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
KEYNOTE-061 investigators. Pembrolizumab versus paclitaxel for previously treated, advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (KEYNOTE-061): a randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31257-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
First-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (CheckMate 649): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00797-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
RAINBOW Study Group. Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel versus placebo plus paclitaxel in patients with previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW): a double-blind, randomised phase 3 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(14)70420-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab in patients with previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, gastro-oesophageal cancer, or urothelial carcinomas (JVDF): a multicohort, non-randomised, open-label, phase 1a/b trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30458-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer in the first-line or second-line setting (EPOC1706): an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30271-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (CheckMate 9ER): long-term follow-up results from an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00290-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib as first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (CLEAR): extended follow-up from the phase 3, randomised, open-label study
10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00049-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
First-line regorafenib with nivolumab and chemotherapy in advanced oesophageal, gastric, or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer in the USA: a single-arm, single-centre, phase 2 trial
10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00358-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
PD-1 antibody camrelizumab plus apatinib and SOX as first-line treatment in patients with AFP-producing gastric or gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma (CAP 06): a multi-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial
10.1038/s41392-025-02193-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
IMbrave150 investigators. atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
10.1056/nejmoa1915745 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A prognostic model in patients treated for metastatic gastric cancer with second-line chemotherapy
10.1093/annonc/mdq032 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A phase II study of cabozantinib and pembrolizumab in advanced gastric/gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas resistant or refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors
10.1093/oncolo/oyae117 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Efficacy and safety of sintilimab combined with apatinib as third-line or above therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer
10.1097/cad.0000000000001554 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
RATIONALE-305 investigators. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy as first line treatment for advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: RATIONALE-305 randomised, double blind, phase 3 trial
10.1136/bmj-2023-078876 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Anti-PD-1 antibody SHR-1210 combined with apatinib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric, or esophagogastric junction cancer: an open-label, dose escalation and expansion study
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2484 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Multicenter phase I/II study of nivolumab combined with paclitaxel plus ramucirumab as second-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3559 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy followed by camrelizumab plus apatinib as first-line therapy for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4691 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
First-line apatinib combined with tislelizumab and chemotherapy for patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis
10.1158/1535-7163.mct-24-0143 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Distinct spatially resolved tumor microenvironment trajectories define benefit from ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab in refractory PD-L1+ gastric cancer
10.1158/2326-6066.cir-25-0625 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab for patients with previously treated advanced gastric, biliary tract, or pancreatic cancer: results from the phase II LEAP-005 study
10.1158/2767-9764.crc-26-0018 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy for gastric cancer: rational strategies, novel advancements, challenges, and future perspectives
10.1186/s10020-025-01075-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sintilimab plus apatinib and chemotherapy as second-/third-line treatment for advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a prospective, single-arm, phase II trial
10.1186/s12885-023-10661-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s13045-016-0340-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors with VEGF targeted agents in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: a review on the rationale and results of early phase trials
10.1186/s13045-021-01034-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab and chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in advanced metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: the phase III, randomized LEAP-015 study
10.1200/jco-25-00748 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Regorafenib plus nivolumab in patients with advanced gastric or colorectal cancer: an open-label, dose-escalation, and dose-expansion phase Ib trial (REGONIVO, EPOC1603)
10.1200/jco.19.03296 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Bias and efficiency of meta-analytic variance estimators in the random-effects model
10.3102/10769986030003261 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Augmenting anticancer immunity through combined targeting of angiogenic and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways: challenges and opportunities
10.3389/fimmu.2020.598877 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Use of logit transformation within statistical analyses of experimental results obtained as proportions: example of method validation experiments and EQA in flow cytometry
10.3389/fmolb.2024.1335174 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with apatinib and camrelizumab for unresectable advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a single-arm, single-center, retrospective study
10.3389/fonc.2023.1143578 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The evaluation of the efficacy and safety about apatinib combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer: a real-world study
10.3389/fonc.2025.1578011 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ramucirumab in combination with pembrolizumab in treatment-naïve advanced gastric or gej adenocarcinoma: safety and antitumor activity from the phase 1a/b jvdf trial
10.3390/cancers12102985 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A systematic review and meta-analysis of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors monotherapy in metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
10.5005/jp-journals-10018-1321 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Gastric cancer, version 2.2025, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology
10.6004/jnccn.2025.0022 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
