Research graph
References from The relationship between problematic social media use and psychological factors among university students with evaluation of ADHD, social anxiety and self-esteem. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Internet addiction: a systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade.
10.2174/13816128113199990617 · 2014 · External reference
Global social media statistics research summary.
External reference
Technological addictions.
10.1007/s11920-022-01351-2 · 2022 · External reference
A critical review of “Internet addiction” criteria with suggestions for the future.
10.1556/jba.3.2014.4.1 · 2014 · External reference
“Internet addiction”: a conceptual minefield.
10.1007/s11469-017-9811-6 · 2018 · External reference
Quality of life and mental health of adolescents: relationships with social media addiction, fear of missing out, and stress associated with neglect and negative reactions by online peers.
10.1371/journal.pone.0286766 · 2023 · External reference
Internet addiction: definition, assessment, epidemiology and clinical management.
10.2165/00023210-200822050-00001 · 2008 · External reference
Social network site addiction – an overview.
10.2174/13816128113199990616 · 2014 · External reference
How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with “smartphone addiction?”.
10.1556/2006.8.2019.59 · 2021 · External reference
Social anxiety and problematic social media use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107995 · 2024 · External reference
The associations between problematic social networking site use and sleep quality, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety and stress.
10.1007/s11469-019-00175-1 · 2021 · External reference
Social media addiction in high school students: a cross-sectional study examining its relationship with sleep quality and psychological problems.
10.1007/s12187-021-09838-9 · 2021 · External reference
Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem.
10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.05.008 · 2016 · External reference
Social media use and anxiety in emerging adults.
10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.040 · 2017 · External reference
Association between social media use and depression among U.S. young adults.
10.1002/da.22466 · 2016 · External reference
The effect of social networking sites on the relationship between perceived social support and depression.
10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.018 · 2016 · External reference
Media use is linked to lower psychological well-being: evidence from three datasets.
10.1007/s11126-019-09630-7 · 2019 · External reference
Sharing, liking, commenting, and distressed? The pathway between Facebook interaction and psychological distress.
10.1089/cyber.2012.0272 · 2013 · External reference
Social media use is (weakly) related to psychological distress.
10.1089/cyber.2019.0176 · 2019 · External reference
Facebook friends with (health) benefits? Exploring social network site use and perceptions of social support, stress, and well-being.
10.1089/cyber.2012.0521 · 2013 · External reference
Social media users have different experiences, motivations, and quality of life.
10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.042 · 2015 · External reference
Problematic social media use: results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample.
10.1371/journal.pone.0169839 · 2017 · External reference
Development of a facebook addiction scale.
10.2466/02.09.18.pr0.110.2.501-517 · 2012 · External reference
Facebook addiction disorder in Germany.
10.1089/cyber.2018.0140 · 2018 · External reference
Association between social media use (Twitter, Instagram, Facebook) and depressive symptoms: are Twitter users at higher risk?
10.1177/0020764018814270 · 2019 · External reference
Perceived interparental conflict and problematic social media use among Chinese adolescents: the mediating roles of self-esteem and maladaptive cognition toward social network sites.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106601 · 2021 · External reference
Influences of digital media use on children and adolescents with ADHD during COVID-19 pandemic.
10.1186/s12992-021-00699-z · 2021 · External reference
Problematic social networking site use—effects on mental health and the brain.
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1106004 · 2023 · External reference
Risk factors associated with social media addiction: an exploratory study.
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837766 · 2022 · External reference
Online and offline social networks: use of social networking sites by emerging adults.
10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.003 · 2008 · External reference
Screen media use and ADHD-related behaviors: four decades of research.
10.1073/pnas.1611611114 · 2018 · External reference
Association of digital media use with subsequent symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among adolescents.
10.1001/jama.2018.8931 · 2018 · External reference
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, social media use intensity, and social media use problems in adolescents: investigating directionality.
10.1111/cdev.13334 · 2020 · External reference
Media use and ADHD-related behaviors in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.
10.1037/a0037318 · 2014 · External reference
Do Angry Birds make for angry children? A meta-analysis of video game influences on children’s and adolescents’ aggression, mental health, prosocial behavior, and academic performance.
10.1177/1745691615592234 · 2015 · External reference
The association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and internet addiction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1186/s12888-017-1408-x · 2017 · External reference
Facebook overuse and addiction among Turkish adolescents: are ADHD and ADHD-related problems risk factors.
10.1080/24750573.2017.1383706 · 2018 · External reference
Concurrent and subsequent associations between daily digital technology use and high-risk adolescents’ mental health symptoms.
10.1111/cdev.12819 · 2018 · External reference
Adolescent social media use and mental health from adolescent and parent perspectives.
10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.08.005 · 2017 · External reference
Which health-related problems are associated with problematic video-gaming or social media use in adolescents? A large-scale cross-sectional study.
2017 · External reference
Language of ADHD in adults on social media.
10.1177/1087054717738083 · 2019 · External reference
Understanding problematic social media use in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a narrative review and clinical recommendations.
10.3390/brainsci12121625 · 2022 · External reference
Problematic mobile phone and social media use among adolescents and its relationship with cyberbullying, cybervictimisation and social anxiety.
10.1038/s41598-026-35842-6 · 2026 · External reference
Problematic media use and anxiety symptoms in adolescents: the role of age and gender.
10.3390/healthcare13030281 · 2025 · External reference
The connection and background mechanisms of social fears and problematic social networking site use: a structural equation modeling analysis.
10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113323 · 2020 · External reference
Digital stress and problematic social media use among college students: exploring dual emotional pathways and the moderating role of cognitive reappraisal.
10.1186/s40359-025-03675-z · 2025 · External reference
Social isolation and social media addiction: the serial mediation roles of social anxiety and FoMO among Chinese university students.
10.1038/s41598-025-33176-3 · 2025 · External reference
Satisfying needs through Social Networking Sites: a pathway towards problematic Internet use for socially anxious people?
2015 · External reference
An exploratory analysis of the relationship of problematic Facebook use with loneliness and self-esteem: the mediating roles of extraversion and self-presentation.
2022 · External reference
The mediating effect of social network identity management on the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction among pre-service teachers.
10.1186/s40359-024-01653-5 · 2024 · External reference
The big five personality domains and their facets: empirical relations to problematic use of video games, social media and alcohol.
10.3390/bs13060444 · 2023 · External reference
Social anxiety as a predisposing factor for social media addiction: a two-wave longitudinal investigation of social comparison as an underlying mechanism.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108658 · 2026 · External reference
Association between problematic social networking use and anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1186/s40359-024-01705-w · 2024 · External reference
Social anxiety and social networking service addiction proneness among university students: a moderated mediation model of narcissism and gender.
10.1371/journal.pone.0304741 · 2024 · External reference
Moderating effect of cultural differences on the association between social media use and mental health outcomes in adolescents: a cross-cultural comparison study.
10.1371/journal.pone.0316365 · 2024 · External reference
Relationship between self-esteem and problematic social media use amongst Chinese college students: a longitudinal study.
10.2147/prbm.s452603 · 2024 · External reference
Audience activity and media use.
10.1080/03637759309376300 · 1993 · External reference
Ethnic pride, self-esteem, and school belonging: a reciprocal analysis over time.
10.1037/dev0000434 · 2017 · External reference
Online communication among adolescents: an integrated model of its attraction, opportunities, and risks.
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.08.020 · 2011 · External reference
The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: findings from a large national survey.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006 · 2017 · External reference
Social comparison, self-consistency, and the concept of self.
10.1037/h0029862 · 1970 · External reference
Problematic social media use in adolescents and young adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.2196/33450 · 2022 · External reference
Sosyal medya bağimliliği ölçeği-yetişkin formu: geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalişmasi.
2017 · External reference
Eriskin Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Kendi Bildirim Ölçeği (ASRS-v1.1): Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği.
2009 · External reference
Association of digital media use with subsequent symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among adolescents.
10.1001/jama.2018.8931 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association between social media use and depression among U.S. young adults.
10.1002/da.22466 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Media use is linked to lower psychological well-being: evidence from three datasets.
10.1007/s11126-019-09630-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
“Internet addiction”: a conceptual minefield.
10.1007/s11469-017-9811-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The associations between problematic social networking site use and sleep quality, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety and stress.
10.1007/s11469-019-00175-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Technological addictions.
10.1007/s11920-022-01351-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social media addiction in high school students: a cross-sectional study examining its relationship with sleep quality and psychological problems.
10.1007/s12187-021-09838-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: findings from a large national survey.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Perceived interparental conflict and problematic social media use among Chinese adolescents: the mediating roles of self-esteem and maladaptive cognition toward social network sites.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106601 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social anxiety and problematic social media use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107995 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social anxiety as a predisposing factor for social media addiction: a two-wave longitudinal investigation of social comparison as an underlying mechanism.
10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108658 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem.
10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.05.008 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Adolescent social media use and mental health from adolescent and parent perspectives.
10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.08.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Online and offline social networks: use of social networking sites by emerging adults.
10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social media use and anxiety in emerging adults.
10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.040 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Online communication among adolescents: an integrated model of its attraction, opportunities, and risks.
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.08.020 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social media users have different experiences, motivations, and quality of life.
10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.042 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The effect of social networking sites on the relationship between perceived social support and depression.
10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.018 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The connection and background mechanisms of social fears and problematic social networking site use: a structural equation modeling analysis.
10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113323 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Media use and ADHD-related behaviors in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.
10.1037/a0037318 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ethnic pride, self-esteem, and school belonging: a reciprocal analysis over time.
10.1037/dev0000434 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social comparison, self-consistency, and the concept of self.
10.1037/h0029862 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social isolation and social media addiction: the serial mediation roles of social anxiety and FoMO among Chinese university students.
10.1038/s41598-025-33176-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Problematic mobile phone and social media use among adolescents and its relationship with cyberbullying, cybervictimisation and social anxiety.
10.1038/s41598-026-35842-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Screen media use and ADHD-related behaviors: four decades of research.
10.1073/pnas.1611611114 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Audience activity and media use.
10.1080/03637759309376300 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Facebook overuse and addiction among Turkish adolescents: are ADHD and ADHD-related problems risk factors.
10.1080/24750573.2017.1383706 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sharing, liking, commenting, and distressed? The pathway between Facebook interaction and psychological distress.
10.1089/cyber.2012.0272 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Facebook friends with (health) benefits? Exploring social network site use and perceptions of social support, stress, and well-being.
10.1089/cyber.2012.0521 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Facebook addiction disorder in Germany.
10.1089/cyber.2018.0140 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social media use is (weakly) related to psychological distress.
10.1089/cyber.2019.0176 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Concurrent and subsequent associations between daily digital technology use and high-risk adolescents’ mental health symptoms.
10.1111/cdev.12819 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, social media use intensity, and social media use problems in adolescents: investigating directionality.
10.1111/cdev.13334 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association between social media use (Twitter, Instagram, Facebook) and depressive symptoms: are Twitter users at higher risk?
10.1177/0020764018814270 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Language of ADHD in adults on social media.
10.1177/1087054717738083 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Do Angry Birds make for angry children? A meta-analysis of video game influences on children’s and adolescents’ aggression, mental health, prosocial behavior, and academic performance.
10.1177/1745691615592234 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and internet addiction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1186/s12888-017-1408-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Influences of digital media use on children and adolescents with ADHD during COVID-19 pandemic.
10.1186/s12992-021-00699-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The mediating effect of social network identity management on the relationship between personality traits and social media addiction among pre-service teachers.
10.1186/s40359-024-01653-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association between problematic social networking use and anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.1186/s40359-024-01705-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Digital stress and problematic social media use among college students: exploring dual emotional pathways and the moderating role of cognitive reappraisal.
10.1186/s40359-025-03675-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Problematic social media use: results from a large-scale nationally representative adolescent sample.
10.1371/journal.pone.0169839 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Quality of life and mental health of adolescents: relationships with social media addiction, fear of missing out, and stress associated with neglect and negative reactions by online peers.
10.1371/journal.pone.0286766 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social anxiety and social networking service addiction proneness among university students: a moderated mediation model of narcissism and gender.
10.1371/journal.pone.0304741 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Moderating effect of cultural differences on the association between social media use and mental health outcomes in adolescents: a cross-cultural comparison study.
10.1371/journal.pone.0316365 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with “smartphone addiction?”.
10.1556/2006.8.2019.59 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A critical review of “Internet addiction” criteria with suggestions for the future.
10.1556/jba.3.2014.4.1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Relationship between self-esteem and problematic social media use amongst Chinese college students: a longitudinal study.
10.2147/prbm.s452603 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Internet addiction: definition, assessment, epidemiology and clinical management.
10.2165/00023210-200822050-00001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Social network site addiction – an overview.
10.2174/13816128113199990616 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Internet addiction: a systematic review of epidemiological research for the last decade.
10.2174/13816128113199990617 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Problematic social media use in adolescents and young adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.
10.2196/33450 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Development of a facebook addiction scale.
10.2466/02.09.18.pr0.110.2.501-517 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Risk factors associated with social media addiction: an exploratory study.
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.837766 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Problematic social networking site use—effects on mental health and the brain.
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1106004 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Understanding problematic social media use in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a narrative review and clinical recommendations.
10.3390/brainsci12121625 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The big five personality domains and their facets: empirical relations to problematic use of video games, social media and alcohol.
10.3390/bs13060444 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Problematic media use and anxiety symptoms in adolescents: the role of age and gender.
10.3390/healthcare13030281 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
