References

Unresolved reference

External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

10.1111/joim.13467

10.1111/joim.13467 · External reference

10.3345/cep.2019.00843

10.3345/cep.2019.00843 · External reference

10.1212/wnl.0000000000201630

10.1212/wnl.0000000000201630 · External reference

Associations between exposure to various air pollutants and risk of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1007/s00420-024-02072-0 · 2024 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

10.1161/cir.0b013e3181dbece1

10.1161/cir.0b013e3181dbece1 · External reference

Cardiovascular effects of air pollution

10.1042/cs20070444 · 2008 · External reference

10.1093/toxsci/kfad003

10.1093/toxsci/kfad003 · External reference

Particulate matter air pollution: effects on the respiratory system

10.1172/jci194312 · 2025 · External reference

Chronic Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Increases Mortality Through Pathways of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease: Insights From a Large Mediation Analysis

10.1161/jaha.122.026660 · 2022 · External reference

Clinical effects of air pollution on the central nervous system; a review

10.1016/j.jocn.2017.04.028 · 2017 · External reference

10.1164/rccm.201203-0455pp

10.1164/rccm.201203-0455pp · External reference

The Impact of Pulmonary Disorders on Neurological Health (Lung-Brain Axis)

10.4110/in.2024.24.e20 · 2024 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Multimorbidity

10.1038/s41572-022-00376-4 · 2022 · External reference

Prevalence of Polypharmacy in Elderly Population Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.1002/pds.5880 · 2024 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

10.1136/bmj.n71 · 2021 · External reference

Association of PM2.5, O3 and greenness exposure with risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a prospective cohort study

10.1007/s00484-025-03071-7 · 2026 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions

10.1136/bmj.i4919 · 2016 · External reference

10.1016/j.envint.2024.108602

10.1016/j.envint.2024.108602 · External reference

10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2

10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · External reference

10.1002/9781119558378

10.1002/9781119558378 · External reference

10.1001/jama.280.19.1690

10.1001/jama.280.19.1690 · External reference

10.1111/biom.13197

10.1111/biom.13197 · External reference

Associations of exposure to outdoor PM2.5 and NO2 during pregnancy with childhood asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in a predominantly rural French mother-child cohort

10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125206 · 2024 · External reference

10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557

10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629

10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629 · External reference

10.1111/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x

10.1111/j.0006-341x.2000.00455.x · External reference

10.1164/rccm.201006-0937oc

10.1164/rccm.201006-0937oc · External reference

Lifestyle, air pollution, and risk of multimorbidity in a prospective analysis of the UK Biobank cohort

10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35768 · 2024 · External reference

Household air pollution, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: Results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158896 · 2023 · External reference

Effects of socioeconomic status and regional inequality on the association between PM2.5 and its components and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A multicenter population-based survey in eastern China

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174453 · 2024 · External reference

Long-term influence of air pollutants on morbidity and all-cause mortality of cardiometabolic multi-morbidity: A cohort analysis of the UK Biobank participants

10.1016/j.envres.2023.116873 · 2023 · External reference

Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and physical activity with the risk of systemic inflammation-induced multimorbidity in Chinese adults: results from the China multi-ethnic cohort study (CMEC)

10.1186/s12889-023-17518-2 · 2023 · External reference

Long-term impact of PM2.5 exposure on frailty, chronic diseases, and multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults: insights from a national population-based longitudinal study

10.1007/s11356-023-31505-5 · 2024 · External reference

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164315

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164315 · External reference

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is a risk factor for trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: A prospective study in the UK Biobank

10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104282 · 2022 · External reference

Exposure to household air pollution and childhood multimorbidity risk in Jimma, Ethiopia

10.3389/fpubh.2024.1473320 · 2024 · External reference

Interaction between Extreme Temperature Events and Fine Particulate Matter on Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity: Evidence from Four National Cohort Studies

10.1021/acs.est.4c02080 · 2024 · External reference

Association between household air pollution from solid fuel use and risk of chronic diseases and their multimorbidity among Chinese adults

10.1016/j.envint.2022.107635 · 2022 · External reference

Ambient air pollution and incidence, progression to multimorbidity and death of hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease: A national prospective cohort

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163406 · 2023 · External reference

Joint association of air pollutants on cardiometabolic multimorbidity

10.1038/s41598-024-77886-6 · 2024 · External reference

Ambient air pollution associated with incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: A multi-state analysis of a prospective cohort

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160803 · 2023 · External reference

Air pollution exposure and multimorbidity patterns: evidence from a national cohort study in China

10.1186/s12889-025-25278-4 · 2025 · External reference

Long-term Individual and Joint Exposure to Multiple Ambient Air Pollutants Associated with Progression Trajectory of Neuropsychiatric Multimorbidity: Multi-state Transition Analysis

10.1007/s41742-025-00747-1 · 2025 · External reference

Individual and joint exposure to air pollutants and patterns of multiple chronic conditions

10.1038/s41598-024-73485-7 · 2024 · External reference

Association between air pollution exposure, physical activity, and risk for cardiometabolic multimorbidity incidence: a cohort study from China

10.1007/s00484-025-03122-z · 2026 · External reference

Switching indoor fuels and the incidence of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity: A prospective cohort study

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116719 · 2024 · External reference

Choices of morbidity outcomes and concentration-response functions for health risk assessment of long-term exposure to air pollution

10.1097/ee9.0000000000000314 · 2024 · External reference

Airborne PM2.5-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance by Nrf2/JNK-Mediated Signaling Pathway

10.3390/ijerph14070787 · 2017 · External reference

10.1001/jama.295.10.1127

10.1001/jama.295.10.1127 · External reference

10.1161/01.cir.103.23.2810

10.1161/01.cir.103.23.2810 · External reference

10.1080/10473289.2006.10464485

10.1080/10473289.2006.10464485 · External reference

10.1056/nejmoa1702747

10.1056/nejmoa1702747 · External reference

Community prevalence and dyad disease pattern of multimorbidity in China and India: a systematic review

10.1136/bmjgh-2022-008880 · 2022 · External reference

Recent Patterns of Multimorbidity Among Older Adults in High-Income Countries

10.1089/pop.2018.0069 · 2019 · External reference

Air Pollution (Particulate Matter) Exposure and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar, Psychosis and Suicide Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.1289/ehp4595 · 2019 · External reference

Impact of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.envres.2020.110703 · 2021 · External reference

Ambient air pollution and diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.envres.2019.108817 · 2020 · External reference

Associations of long-term particulate matter exposure with cardiometabolic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166010 · 2023 · External reference

Association between air pollutants and development of chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135522 · 2020 · External reference

Ambient air pollution exposure and adult asthma incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/s2542-5196(24)00279-1 · 2024 · External reference

10.1016/j.jclinepi.2026.112203

10.1016/j.jclinepi.2026.112203 · External reference

Explosion of formulaic research articles, including inappropriate study designs and false discoveries, based on the NHANES US national health database

10.1371/journal.pbio.3003152 · 2025 · External reference

Household Air Pollution in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Health Risks and Research Priorities

10.1371/journal.pmed.1001455 · 2013 · External reference

Unresolved reference

External reference

Polypharmacy, hospitalization, and mortality risk: a nationwide cohort study

10.1038/s41598-020-75888-8 · 2020 · External reference

Polypharmacy stewardship: a novel approach to tackle a major public health crisis

10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00036-3 · 2023 · External reference

10.1093/eurpub/cky098

10.1093/eurpub/cky098 · External reference