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References from High prevalence of heteroresistance in Staphylococcus aureus is caused by a multitude of mutations in core genes. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Environmental and genetic modulation of the phenotypic expression of antibiotic resistance
10.1093/femsre/fux004 · 2017 · External reference
Mechanisms and clinical relevance of bacterial heteroresistance
10.1038/s41579-019-0218-1 · 2019 · External reference
WGS accurately predicts antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli
10.1093/jac/dkv186 · 2015 · External reference
Antimicrobial heteroresistance: An emerging field in need of clarity
10.1128/cmr.00058-14 · 2015 · External reference
Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment
10.1038/nrmicro.2016.34 · 2016 · External reference
The highly dynamic nature of bacterial heteroresistance impairs its clinical detection
10.1038/s42003-021-02052-x · 2021 · External reference
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods
2022 · External reference
Mode of action of streptomycin on type b hemophilus influenzae: ii. nature of resistant variants
10.1084/jem.85.6.607 · 1947 · External reference
Characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococci
10.1128/jb.87.4.887-899.1964 · 1964 · External reference
The high prevalence of antibiotic heteroresistance in pathogenic bacteria is mainly caused by gene amplification
10.1038/s41564-018-0342-0 · 2019 · External reference
Spontaneous mutation rates come into focus in Escherichia coli
10.1016/j.dnarep.2014.09.009 · 2014 · External reference
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibiting clinically undetected colistin heteroresistance leads to treatment failure in a murine model of infection
2018 · External reference
Antibiotic failure mediated by a resistant subpopulation in Enterobacter cloacae
10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.53 · 2016 · External reference
Vancomycin treatment failure associated with heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus in a patient with endocarditis and in the rabbit model of endocarditis
10.1128/aac.47.4.1262-1266.2003 · 2003 · External reference
Impact of Carbapenem Heteroresistance Among Multidrug-Resistant ESBL/AmpC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates on Antibiotic Treatment in Experimentally Infected Mice
10.2147/idr.s340652 · 2021 · External reference
Clinical outcomes and molecular typing of heterogenous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in patients in intensive care units
10.1186/s12879-015-1215-2 · 2015 · External reference
Eravacycline activity against clinical S. aureus isolates from China: in vitro activity, MLST profiles and heteroresistance
10.1186/s12866-018-1349-7 · 2018 · External reference
Prevalence of colistin heteroresistance in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and association with clinical outcomes in patients: An observational study
10.1093/jac/dkab461 · 2022 · External reference
Prevalence and Clinical Consequences of Colistin Heteroresistance and Evolution into Full Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
External reference
Unstable tandem gene amplification generates heteroresistance (variation in resistance within a population) to colistin in Salmonella enterica
10.1111/mmi.13459 · 2016 · External reference
Heteroresistance to cefepime in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.10.013 · 2020 · External reference
Combined effect of Polymyxin B and Tigecycline to overcome Heteroresistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
10.1128/spectrum.00152-21 · 2021 · External reference
Bacteraemia with an MBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: treatment and the potential role of cefiderocol heteroresistance
10.1093/jac/dkac197 · 2022 · External reference
Colistin-heteroresistance in carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter species causing hospital-acquired infections among Egyptian patients
10.1016/j.jgar.2020.11.019 · 2021 · External reference
Route of transmission of Staphylococcus aureus
10.1016/s1473-3099(16)30512-6 · 2017 · External reference
Vancomycin and daptomycin minimum inhibitory concentration distribution and occurrence of heteroresistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus blood isolates in Turkey
10.1186/1471-2334-13-583 · 2013 · External reference
Unstable Vancomycin Heteroresistance Is Common among Clinical Isolates of Methiciliin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/jcm.43.5.2494-2496.2005 · 2005 · External reference
Heterogeneously vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) emerged before the clinical introduction of vancomycin in Japan: a retrospective study
10.1007/s10156-011-0330-2 · 2012 · External reference
In-host evolution of daptomycin resistance and heteroresistance in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains from three endocarditis patients
2021 · External reference
Ceftaroline-Heteroresistant Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/aac.02685-13 · 2014 · External reference
10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00030-8
10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00030-8 · External reference
Phenotypic Detection of Hemin-Inducible Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Heteroresistance in Staphylococcus aureus
2021 · External reference
Exposure to oxacillin subinhibitory concentrations and in vitro induction of resistance expression in heteroresistant and non-heteroresistant oxacillin-susceptible mecA-positive Staphylococcus aureus (OS-MRSA)
2023 · External reference
A modified population analysis profile (PAP) method to detect hetero-resistance to vancomycin in Staphylococcus aureus in a UK hospital
10.1093/jac/47.4.399 · 2001 · External reference
A 1 year surveillance study of glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains in a French hospital
10.1093/jac/dki413 · 2006 · External reference
Relevance of vancomycin-intermediate susceptibility and heteroresistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia
10.1093/jac/dkr169 · 2011 · External reference
agr functionality affects clinical outcomes in patients with persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia
10.1007/s10096-017-3044-2 · 2017 · External reference
Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infections in Children: a Reappraisal of Vancomycin
10.1007/s11908-019-0695-4 · 2019 · External reference
Vancomycin heteroresistance and clinical outcomes in bloodstream infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci
2020 · External reference
Vancomycin Heteroresistance Is Associated with Reduced Mortality in ST239 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Blood Stream Infections
10.1371/journal.pone.0021217 · 2011 · External reference
Clinical Features of Heteroresistant Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia versus Those of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Bacteremia
10.1086/596629 · 2009 · External reference
Comparison of the clinical features, bacterial genotypes and outcomes of patients with bacteraemia due to heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-susceptible S. aureus
10.1093/jac/dks131 · 2012 · External reference
Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform
10.1093/bioinformatics/btp324 · 2009 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Methods for Determining Spontaneous Mutation Rates
10.1016/s0076-6879(05)09012-9 · 2006 · External reference
A practical guide to measuring mutation rates in antibiotic resistance
10.1128/aac.01152-07 · 2008 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
The Bacterial Defensin Resistance Protein MprF Consists of Separable Domains for Lipid Lysinylation and Antimicrobial Peptide Repulsion
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000660 · 2009 · External reference
VraT/YvqF is required for methicillin resistance and activation of the VraSR regulon in Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/aac.01651-12 · 2013 · External reference
Daptomycin and vancomycin heteroresistance revealed among CC5-SCCmecII MRSA clone and in vitro evaluation of treatment alternatives
10.1016/j.jgar.2018.05.001 · 2018 · External reference
Mechanisms of resistance to daptomycin in Staphylococcus aureus
2017 · External reference
Menaquinone biosynthesis potentiates haem toxicity in Staphylococcus aureus
2008 · External reference
Aminoglycosides antibiotics
2006 · External reference
Mutations in the gdpp gene are a clinically relevant mechanism for β-lactam resistance in meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus lacking mec determinants
10.1099/mgen.0.000623 · 2021 · External reference
FmhA and FmhC of Staphylococcus aureus incorporate serine residues into peptidoglycan cross-bridges
10.1074/jbc.ra120.014371 · 2020 · External reference
Genetic changes associated with glycopeptide resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Predominance of amino acid substitutions in YvqF/VraSR
10.1093/jac/dkp394 · 2009 · External reference
Site-specific mutation of Staphylococcus aureus VraS reveals a crucial role for the VraR-VraS sensor in the emergence of glycopeptide resistance
10.1128/aac.00720-10 · 2011 · External reference
Teichoic acids are temporal and spatial regulators of peptidoglycan cross-linking in Staphylococcus aureus
10.1073/pnas.1004304107 · 2010 · External reference
Approved Glycopeptide Antibacterial Drugs: Mechanism of Action and Resistance
10.1101/cshperspect.a026989 · 2016 · External reference
Future trends in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection: An in-depth review of newer antibiotics active against an enduring pathogen
10.1016/j.jgar.2017.05.019 · 2017 · External reference
Additional Routes to Staphylococcus aureus Daptomycin Resistance as Revealed by Comparative Genome Sequencing, Transcriptional Profiling, and Phenotypic Studies
10.1371/journal.pone.0058469 · 2013 · External reference
An RpoB Mutation Confers Dual Heteroresistance to Daptomycin and Vancomycin in Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/aac.00437-10 · 2010 · External reference
Comprehensive identification of mutations responsible for heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA)-to-VISA conversion in laboratory-generated VISA strains derived from hVISA clinical strain Mu3
10.1128/aac.00425-13 · 2013 · External reference
Reduced vancomycin susceptibility and increased macrophage survival in Staphylococcus aureus strains sequentially isolated from a bacteraemic patient during a short course of antibiotic therapy
10.1099/jmm.0.000988 · 2019 · External reference
Effects of membrane-energy mutations and cations on streptomycin and gentamicin accumulation by bacteria: a model for entry of streptomycin and gentamicin in susceptible and resistant bacteria
10.1128/aac.12.2.163 · 1977 · External reference
Genetic and phenotypic identification of fusidic acid-resistant mutants with the small-colony-variant phenotype in Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/aac.00328-07 · 2007 · External reference
Collateral resistance and sensitivity modulate evolution of high-level resistance to drug combination treatment in staphylococcus aureus
10.1093/molbev/msv006 · 2015 · External reference
Alteration of ribosomal protein L6 in mutants of Escherichia coli resistant to gentamicin
10.1007/bf00455118 · 1977 · External reference
Mutations are involved in emergence of aminoglycoside-induced small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus
10.1078/1438-4221-00282 · 2003 · External reference
Comparison of ATB Staph, Rapid ATB Staph, Vitek, and E-test methods for detection of oxacillin heteroresistance in staphylococci possessing mecA
10.1128/jcm.36.1.52-57.1998 · 1998 · External reference
The purine biosynthesis regulator PurR moonlights as a virulence regulator in Staphylococcus aureus
10.1073/pnas.1904280116 · 2019 · External reference
Stress-induced inactivation of the Staphylococcus aureus purine biosynthesis repressor leads to hypervirulence
10.1038/s41467-019-08724-x · 2019 · External reference
De Novo Purine Biosynthesis Is Required for Intracellular Growth of Staphylococcus aureus and for the Hypervirulence Phenotype of a purR Mutant
10.1128/iai.00104-20 · 2020 · External reference
Identification and Characterization of a Monofunctional Glycosyltransferase from Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/jb.183.16.4779-4785.2001 · 2001 · External reference
Investigation of Staphylococcus strains with heterogeneous resistance to glycopeptides in a Turkish university hospital
10.1186/1471-2334-5-31 · 2005 · External reference
VanB phenotype-vanA genotype Enterococcus faecium with heterogeneous expression of teicoplanin resistance
10.1128/jcm.00712-08 · 2008 · External reference
Genomic insights of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with reduced teicoplanin susceptibility: A case of fatal necrotizing fasciitis
10.1016/j.jgar.2018.05.006 · 2018 · External reference
Prevalence and characteristics of heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a tertiary care center
10.1128/jcm.01262-06 · 2007 · External reference
Global prevalence and distribution of vancomycin resistant, vancomycin intermediate and heterogeneously vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1038/s41598-020-69058-z · 2020 · External reference
Resistance or decreased susceptibility to glycopeptides, daptomycin, and linezolid in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
10.1016/j.coph.2010.06.006 · 2010 · External reference
The global prevalence of Daptomycin, Tigecycline, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, and Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase–negative staphylococci strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s13756-020-00714-9 · 2020 · External reference
Gene amplifications cause high-level resistance against albicidin in gram-negative bacteria
10.1371/journal.pbio.3002186 · 2023 · External reference
Prevalence of the aminoglycoside phosphotransferase genes aph(39)-IIIa and aph(39)-IIa in Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. Enterica and Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Aust
10.1099/jmm.0.065789-0 · 2014 · External reference
Detection of high level aminoglycoside resistance genes among clinical isolates of Enterococcus species
10.1186/s43042-019-0032-3 · 2019 · External reference
The prevalence of aminoglycoside resistance and corresponding resistance genes in clinical isolates of staphylococci from 19 European hospitals
10.1093/jac/43.2.253 · 1999 · External reference
Role of mgrA and sarA in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Autolysis and Resistance to Cell Wall-Active Antibiotics
10.1086/595740 · 2009 · External reference
Characterization of four β-lactamases produced by Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/aac.36.2.440 · 1992 · External reference
Inactivation of Cephalothin and Cephaloridine by Staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/jb.90.6.1599-1604.1965 · 1965 · External reference
A class A β-lactamase produced by borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus hydrolyses oxacillin
10.1016/j.jgar.2020.03.002 · 2020 · External reference
The Role of Amino Acid Substitution in HepT Toward Menaquinone Isoprenoid Chain Length Definition and Lysocin E Sensitivity in Staphylococcus aureus
10.3389/fmicb.2020.02076 · 2020 · External reference
Comprehensive genomic investigation of adaptive mutations driving the low-level oxacillin resistance phenotype in staphylococcus aureus
10.1128/mbio.02882-20 · 2020 · External reference
Resistance of gram-positive bacteria to current antibacterial agents and overcoming approaches
10.3390/molecules25122888 · 2020 · External reference
Contribution of hypermutation to fosfomycin heteroresistance in Escherichia coli
2020 · External reference
Predictable Phenotypes of Antibiotic Resistance Mutations
10.1128/mbio.00770-18 · 2018 · External reference
