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References from Differences in tuberculosis prevalence by sex in low- and middle-income countries over 1993–2025: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
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2025 · External reference
Assortative social mixing and sex disparities in tuberculosis burden
10.1038/s41598-021-86869-w · 2021 · External reference
Association between tuberculosis in men and social network structure in Kampala, Uganda
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10.1007/978-3-031-35139-6_6 · 2023 · External reference
Gender-related barriers and delays in accessing tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment services: a systematic review of qualitative studies
2014 · External reference
National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Africa, 2008-2016: an overview of results and lessons learned
10.1111/tmi.13485 · 2020 · External reference
Sex differences in tuberculosis burden and notifications in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1371/journal.pmed.1002119 · 2016 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
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2021 · External reference
The 2023 UN high-level meeting on tuberculosis: renewing hope, momentum, and commitment to end tuberculosis
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2020 · External reference
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Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting
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2024 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement
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Stan: a probabilistic programming language for Bayesian inference and optimization
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2016 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
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2017 · External reference
Prevalence and risk factors of active pulmonary tuberculosis among elderly people in China: a population based cross-sectional study
10.1186/s40249-019-0515-y · 2019 · External reference
Prevalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in a rural area in Bangladesh
10.1017/s0950268806006108 · 2006 · External reference
Prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis in persons aged >/= 15 years in Bangladesh: results from a national survey, 2007-2009
10.1017/s0950268811001609 · 2012 · External reference
Convergence of infectious and non-communicable disease epidemics in rural South Africa: a cross-sectional, population-based multimorbidity study
2021 · External reference
Changes in pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence: evidence from the 2010 population survey in a populous province of China
10.1186/1471-2334-14-21 · 2014 · External reference
Analysis of tuberculosis screening results in six remove villages in Yunnan Province
2013 · External reference
Tuberculosis prevalence in China, 1990-2010; a longitudinal analysis of national survey data
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62639-2 · 2014 · External reference
Low tuberculosis notification in mountainous Vietnam is not due to low case detection: a cross-sectional survey
10.1186/1471-2334-7-109 · 2007 · External reference
High prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and inadequate case finding in rural western Kenya
10.1164/rccm.201008-1269oc · 2011 · External reference
Estimation of the burden of bacteriologically positive Tuberculosis among Adults in Kashmir: A baseline for future surveys in the Valley
10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_179_19 · 2020 · External reference
Significant decline in the tuberculosis burden in the Philippines ten years after initiating DOTS
2009 · External reference
Do women with tuberculosis have a lower likelihood of getting diagnosed? Prevalence and case detection of sputum smear positive pulmonary TB, a population-based study from Vietnam
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2002.11.001 · 2004 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among the tribal populations in India
10.1371/journal.pone.0251519 · 2021 · External reference
Two-thirds of smear-positive tuberculosis cases in the community were undiagnosed in Northwest Ethiopia: population based cross-sectional study
10.1371/journal.pone.0028258 · 2011 · External reference
Three-fold reduction in the prevalence of tuberculosis over 25 years in Indonesia
2007 · External reference
Prevalence of tuberculosis in Faridabad district, Haryana State, India
10.4103/0971-5916.155593 · 2015 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in adult population of Tanzania: a national survey, 2012
10.5588/ijtld.15.0340 · 2016 · External reference
Population impact of factors associated with prevalent pulmonary tuberculosis in Tanzania
10.5588/ijtld.15.0608 · 2016 · External reference
Active case finding of undetected tuberculosis among chronic coughers in a slum setting in Kampala, Uganda
2009 · External reference
Yield of undetected tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection from active case finding in urban Uganda
10.5588/ijtld.13.0129 · 2014 · External reference
Determining the burden of tuberculosis in Eritrea: a new approach
10.2471/blt.06.038604 · 2007 · External reference
Pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous community in the mountains of Ecuador
2007 · External reference
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Active detection of tuberculosis and paragonimiasis in the remote areas in North-Eastern India using cough as a simple indicator
10.1179/2047773213y.0000000086 · 2013 · External reference
Pulmonary tuberculosis: a public health problem amongst the Saharia, a primitive tribe of Madhya Pradesh, Central India
2010 · External reference
Declining tuberculosis prevalence in Saharia, a particularly vulnerable tribal community in Central India: evidences for action
10.1186/s12879-019-3815-8 · 2019 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis--a baseline survey in central India
2012 · External reference
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Population based national tuberculosis prevalence survey among adults (>15 Years) in Pakistan, 2010-2011
10.1371/journal.pone.0148293 · 2016 · External reference
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2011 · External reference
Burden of pulmonary tuberculosis among tribal population: a cross-sectional study in tribal areas of Maharashtra, India
10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_120_18 · 2019 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Wardha district of Maharashtra, Central India
10.1016/j.jegh.2015.03.002 · 2015 · External reference
National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Asia, 1990-2012: an overview of results and lessons learned
10.1111/tmi.12534 · 2015 · External reference
The second national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Vietnam
10.1371/journal.pone.0232142 · 2020 · External reference
Influence of sex and sex-based disparities on prevalent tuberculosis, Vietnam, 2017-2018
10.3201/eid2905.221476 · 2023 · External reference
Prevalence of tuberculosis in adolescents, western Kenya: implications for control programs
10.1016/j.ijid.2015.03.008 · 2015 · External reference
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Prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2017-19: a multistage, cluster-based, cross-sectional survey
10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00149-9 · 2022 · External reference
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2015 · External reference
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2012 · External reference
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1994 · External reference
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2010 · External reference
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2011 · External reference
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2013 · External reference
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2020 · External reference
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Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in western China in 2010-11: a population-based, cross-sectional survey
10.1016/s2214-109x(16)30074-2 · 2016 · External reference
Prevalence of tuberculosis in Rwanda: Results of the first nationwide survey in 2012 yielded important lessons for TB control
10.1371/journal.pone.0231372 · 2020 · External reference
Population-based screening for pulmonary tuberculosis utilizing community health workers in Ethiopia
10.1016/j.ijid.2019.10.012 · 2019 · External reference
Cross-sectional studies of tuberculosis prevalence in Cambodia between 2002 and 2011
10.2471/blt.13.131581 · 2014 · External reference
The first national TB prevalence survey of Lao PDR (2010-2011)
10.1111/tmi.12536 · 2015 · External reference
High TB burden and low notification rates in the Philippines: the 2016 national TB prevalence survey
2021 · External reference
Trends in the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis over a period of seven and half years in a rural community in south India with DOTS
2013 · External reference
Prevalence survey of bacillary pulmonary tuberculosis in Western Uttar Pradesh, India
2015 · External reference
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A survey of tuberculosis prevalence in Hanoi, Vietnam
2007 · External reference
National survey of tuberculosis prevalence in Viet Nam
10.2471/blt.09.067801 · 2010 · External reference
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Prevalence and incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in the Hetosa District of Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State of Central Ethiopia
10.1186/s12879-017-2321-0 · 2017 · External reference
Gender differences in tuberculosis: a prevalence survey done in Bangladesh
2004 · External reference
Prevalence of tuberculosis in a rural population aged 15 years and above in R.S. pura block of district Jammu
2013 · External reference
A baseline survey of the prevalence of tuberculosis in a community in south India at the commencement of a DOTS programme
2003 · External reference
Recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in India: Findings from the 2019-2021 nationwide community-based TB prevalence survey
10.1371/journal.pone.0294254 · 2023 · External reference
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10.1101/2023.04.20.23288872 · External reference
Prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and associated risk factors: A community survey in Thirvallur District, south India
10.1371/journal.pone.0247245 · 2021 · External reference
Prevalence and risk factors for adult pulmonary tuberculosis in a metropolitan city of South India
10.1371/journal.pone.0124260 · 2015 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary TB and spoligotype pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among TB suspects in a rural community in Southwest Ethiopia
10.1186/1471-2334-12-54 · 2012 · External reference
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A rapid survey to determine the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis in Addis Ababa
2002 · External reference
Sub-national prevalence survey of tuberculosis in rural communities of Ethiopia
10.1186/s12889-019-6620-9 · 2019 · External reference
Comparison of two active case-finding strategies for community-based diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive tuberculosis and control of infectious tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe (DETECTB): a cluster-randomised trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(10)61425-0 · 2010 · External reference
Prevalent infectious tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe: burden, risk factors and implications for control
2009 · External reference
High prevalence of tuberculosis and insufficient case detection in two communities in the Western Cape, South Africa
10.1371/journal.pone.0058689 · 2013 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among adults in a rural sub-district of South India
10.1371/journal.pone.0042625 · 2012 · External reference
National population-based tuberculosis prevalence survey in Ghana, 2013
10.5588/ijtld.19.0163 · 2020 · External reference
High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous Saharia tribe in Madhya Pradesh, central India-A prospective cohort study
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000039 · 2022 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis amongst the tribal population of Madhya Pradesh, central India
10.1093/ije/dyp222 · 2009 · External reference
Population-based prevalence survey of tuberculosis in the Tigray region of Ethiopia
10.1186/1471-2334-13-448 · 2013 · External reference
Survey for tuberculosis in an indigenous population of Amazonia: the Surui of Rondonia, Brazil
10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.07.014 · 2006 · External reference
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in an urban slum of Dhaka City, Bangladesh
10.1371/journal.pone.0077721 · 2013 · External reference
Prevalence and incidence of symptomatic pulmonary tuberculosis based on repeated population screening in a district in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070594 · 2023 · External reference
Effect of household and community interventions on the burden of tuberculosis in southern Africa: the ZAMSTAR community-randomised trial
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61131-9 · 2013 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis on the roof of the world
1998 · External reference
Hyperendemic pulmonary tuberculosis in peri-urban areas of Karachi, Pakistan
10.1186/1471-2458-7-70 · 2007 · External reference
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among adults in a north Indian district
10.1371/journal.pone.0117363 · 2015 · External reference
Programmatic implications of a sub-national TB prevalence survey in India
10.5588/ijtld.23.0456 · 2024 · External reference
Persistently high TB prevalence in Nairobi County neighbourhoods, 2015-2022
2025 · External reference
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A new improved graphical and quantitative method for detecting bias in meta-analysis
10.1097/xeb.0000000000000141 · 2018 · External reference
Real-life implications of prevalence meta-analyses? Doi plots and prediction intervals are the answer
10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00096-4 · 2023 · External reference
The misuse of funnel plots in meta-analyses of proportions: are they really useful?
10.1093/ckj/sfac035 · 2022 · External reference
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Inequalities in the impact of COVID-19-associated disruptions on tuberculosis diagnosis by age and sex in 45 high TB burden countries
10.1186/s12916-022-02624-6 · 2022 · External reference
“For a mere cough, men must just chew Conjex, gain strength, and continue working”: the provider construction and tuberculosis care-seeking implications in Blantyre, Malawi
10.3402/gha.v8.26292 · 2015 · External reference
Healthcare seeking patterns for TB symptoms: Findings from the first national TB prevalence survey of South Africa, 2017–2019
10.1371/journal.pone.0282125 · 2023 · External reference
HIV-1/mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection immunology: how does HIV-1 exacerbate tuberculosis?
10.1128/iai.01126-10 · 2011 · External reference
Risk factors for tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons: a prospective cohort study
10.1001/jama.1995.03530020061033 · 1995 · External reference
CD4 count and tuberculosis risk in HIV-positive adults not on ART: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.7717/peerj.4165 · 2017 · External reference
Tuberculosis bacillary load, an early marker of disease severity: the utility of tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay
10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-214238 · 2020 · External reference
Xpert MTB/RIF as a measure of sputum bacillary burden. Variation by HIV status and immunosuppression
10.1164/rccm.201312-2140oc · 2014 · External reference
Assessing tuberculosis case fatality ratio: a meta-analysis
10.1371/journal.pone.0020755 · 2011 · External reference
Mortality and associated factors among patients with TB-HIV co-infection in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s12879-024-09683-5 · 2024 · External reference
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001270
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001270 · External reference
Antiretrovirals and isoniazid preventive therapy in the prevention of HIV-associated tuberculosis in settings with limited health-care resources
10.1016/s1473-3099(10)70078-5 · 2010 · External reference
Constructions of masculinity and their influence on men’s well-being: a theory of gender and health
10.1016/s0277-9536(99)00390-1 · 2000 · External reference
Control, struggle, and emergent masculinities: a qualitative study of men’s care-seeking determinants for chronic cough and tuberculosis symptoms in Blantyre, Malawi
10.1186/1471-2458-14-1053 · 2014 · External reference
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Co-creation of a gender responsive TB intervention in Nigeria: a researcher-led collaborative study
10.1186/s12913-025-12241-7 · 2025 · External reference
Finding the missing men with tuberculosis: a participatory approach to identify priority interventions in Uganda
10.1093/heapol/czae087 · 2025 · External reference
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2017 · External reference
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Designing community-based strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia: a rapid qualitative study among key stakeholders
10.3389/fpubh.2024.1408213 · 2025 · External reference
Systematic review of strategies to increase men’s HIV-testing in sub-Saharan Africa
10.1097/qad.0000000000000395 · 2014 · External reference
Community-based strategies to strengthen men’s engagement in the HIV care cascade in sub-Saharan Africa
10.1371/journal.pmed.1002262 · 2017 · External reference
Understanding “masculinity” and the challenges of managing type-2 diabetes among African-American men
2007 · External reference
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2024 · External reference
