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References from Effects of bear endozoochory on germination and dispersal of huckleberry in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Long-distance seed dispersal in plant populations
2000 · External reference
Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment
10.1016/s0169-5347(00)01874-7 · 2000 · External reference
Functional complementarity of seed dispersal services provided by birds and mammals in an alpine ecosystem
10.1111/1365-2745.13799 · 2022 · External reference
Mountain-climbing bears protect cherry species from global warming through vertical seed dispersal
10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.002 · 2016 · External reference
Exploring the potential of brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) as a long-distance seed disperser: a pilot study in South-Western Europe.
10.1515/mammalia-2015-0092 · 2016 · External reference
Constant gardeners: Endozoochory promotes repeated seedling recruitment in clonal plants.
10.1002/ecs2.3861 · 2021 · External reference
Effect of birds and bears on seed germination of fleshy-fruited plants in temperate rainforests of southeast Alaska
10.2307/3546519 · 1997 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2016 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1979 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
The diet of grizzly bears in the Flathead River drainage of southeastern British Columbia
10.1139/z95-082 · 1995 · External reference
Seasonal foods of black bears in Tahoe National Forest, California.
1983 · External reference
Black bear seasonal food habits and distribution by elevation in Banff National Park, Alberta.
1990 · External reference
Implications of high-energy and low-protein diet on the body composition, fitness, and competitive abilities of black (Ursus americanus) and grizzly (Ursus arctos) bears.
10.1139/z11-026 · 2011 · External reference
Forage digestibility and fitness in grizzly bears
10.2307/3872536 · 1983 · External reference
Is it good to be eaten by a bear: effects of ingestion on seed germination
10.1674/0003-0031-167.1.205 · 2012 · External reference
Constraints on frugivory by bears
10.1890/0012-9658(1997)078[1105:cofbb]2.0.co;2 · 1997 · External reference
Are American black bears (Ursus americanus) legitimate seed dispersers for fleshy-fruited shrubs?
10.1674/0003-0031(2002)147[0352:aabbua]2.0.co;2 · 2002 · External reference
Seed dispersal by the brown bear in a mixed temperate forest: fruit type matters
10.1007/s13364-020-00551-6 · 2021 · External reference
Germination of cow parsnip seeds from grizzly bear feces.
10.2307/1380120 · 1979 · External reference
Endozoochory by brown bears stimulates germination in bilberry
2019 · External reference
The bear-berry connection: Ecological and management implications of brown bears’ food habits in a highly touristic protected area
10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109376 · 2021 · External reference
Germination inhibitors.
10.1007/bf02861721 · 1949 · External reference
Assessing the benefits of frugivory for seed germination: the importance of the deinhibition effect
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01057.x · 2006 · External reference
Effects of gut passage on seed germination: do experiments answer the questions they ask?
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.00973.x · 2005 · External reference
10.1079/9781845931650.0078
10.1079/9781845931650.0078 · 2007 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2002 · External reference
Effectiveness of three turacos as seed dispersers in a tropical montane forest
10.1007/s004420050288 · 1997 · External reference
Climate change shifts in habitat suitability and phenology of huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum).
10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.107803 · 2020 · External reference
Estimate of the seed shadow created by the Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus and its characteristics as a seed disperser in Japanese cool-temperate forest
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18626.x · 2011 · External reference
Gut retention time in captive brown bears Ursus arctos
10.2981/12-121 · 2013 · External reference
Relationship between seed retention time in bird’s gut and fruit characteristics
10.2326/osj.2.41 · 2003 · External reference
Frugivory by Taiwan barbets (Megalaima nuchalis) and the effects of deinhibition and scarification on seed germination.
10.1139/z2012-030 · 2012 · External reference
Germination of native and exotic seeds dispersed by wild black-and-gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya): assessing deinhibition and scarification effects
10.1007/s10329-020-00791-9 · 2020 · External reference
Functional outcomes of mutualistic network interactions: a community-scale study of frugivore gut passage on germination
10.1111/1365-2745.13108 · 2018 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2021 · External reference
Interactive effects of elevation and canopy affect bilberry performance in a temperate coniferous region.
10.1007/s11258-023-01369-3 · 2024 · External reference
Unsecured attractants, collisions, and high mortality strain coexistence between grizzly bears and people in the Elk Valley, southeast British Columbia.
2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2019 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Effect of manure composition on seedling emergence and growth of two common shrub species of Southeast Alaska.
10.1023/a:1013282313035 · 2001 · External reference
The role of the brown bear Ursus arctos as a legitimate megafaunal seed disperser
10.1038/s41598-020-80440-9 · 2021 · External reference
Seasonal and diel patterns of grizzly bear diet and activity in west-central Alberta.
10.1644/05-mamm-a-410r3.1 · 2006 · External reference
Seed dispersal by brown bears, Ursus arctos, in Southeastern Alaska.
10.22621/cfn.v118i4.53 · 2004 · External reference
The primacy of bears as seed dispersers in salmon-bearing ecosystems
10.1002/ecs2.2076 · 2018 · External reference
Velocity of climate change algorithms for guiding conservation and management
10.1111/gcb.12736 · 2015 · External reference
Seed dispersers help plants to escape global warming
10.1111/oik.04508 · 2017 · External reference
The ecology of human-carnivore coexistence
10.1073/pnas.1922097117 · 2020 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2021 · External reference
A black huckleberry case study in the Kootenays region of British Columbia.
2010 · External reference
