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References from Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of Vernonia amygdalina and Senna siamea leaf extracts against pathogenic bacteria. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Multidrug resistance (MDR): A widespread phenomenon in pharmacological therapies
10.3390/molecules27030616 · 2022 · External reference
Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: A systematic analysis
10.1136/ebnurs-2022-103540 · 2024 · External reference
Overcoming multidrug resistance in bacteria through antibiotics delivery in surface-engineered nano-cargos: Recent developments for future nano-antibiotics
10.3389/fbioe.2021.696514 · 2021 · External reference
Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
10.1016/s0140-6736(22)02185-7 · 2022 · External reference
Antimicrobial resistance: A concise update
10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.07.010 · 2025 · External reference
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)
10.3389/bjbs.2023.11387 · 2023 · External reference
A review on penicillinase production and beta-lactamase activity on commonly isolated bacteria
10.30654/mjia.10020 · 2023 · External reference
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of extended-spectrum beta lactamases-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in selected hospitals of Anyigba, Nigeria
10.4314/ahs.v21i2.4 · 2021 · External reference
Cell-to-cell interaction and cell signaling in biofilm formation.
10.1016/b978-0-443-19252-4.00006-7 · 2024 · External reference
Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Vernonia amygdalina: A review
10.15282/jceib.v2i1.3871 · 2017 · External reference
Pharmacological basis for the continual use of the root of Senna siamea in traditional medicine
2010 · External reference
Phytochemical and antibacterial activities of Vernonia amygdalina leaves (Bitter Leaf) on two drug resistant bacteria
2020 · External reference
Vernonia amygdalina: A comprehensive review of the nutritional makeup, traditional medicinal use, and pharmacology of isolated phytochemicals and compounds
10.3389/fntpr.2024.1347855 · 2024 · External reference
Ethanolic extract of ground Vernonia amygdalina stem exhibited potent antibacterial activity and improved hematological bio-functional parameters in normal and monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats
10.4314/jasem.v25i3.2 · 2021 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1998 · External reference
Antimicrobial activity of leaf of Aspila africana on some pathogenic organisms of clinical origin
2010 · External reference
Synergy assessed by checkerboard. A critical analysis
10.1016/0732-8893(93)90087-n · 1993 · External reference
Synergy, antagonism, and what the chequerboard puts between them
10.1093/jac/dkg301 · 2003 · External reference
Checkerboard testing method indicates synergic effect of pelgipeptins against multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
10.1016/j.biori.2018.12.001 · 2019 · External reference
Microtiter dish biofilm formation assay
2011 · External reference
Quantitative and qualitative assessment methods for biofilm growth: A mini-review
2017 · External reference
Determination of proximate, phytochemicals and minerals composition of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter Leaf)
2020 · External reference
Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) collected from Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria on some selected pathogenic microorganisms
2018 · External reference
Evaluation of toxicity profile and pharmacological potentials of Aju Mbaise polyherbal extract in rats
2021 · External reference
Impact of crude oil on yield and phytochemical composition of selected green leafy vegetables
10.1080/19315260.2018.1563845 · 2019 · External reference
Chemical composition of the methanolic leaf and stem bark extracts of Senna siamea Lam
2013 · External reference
Antibacterial activityof aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on selected species of gram positive and gram negative bacteria
10.3126/ije.v2i1.9217 · 2013 · External reference
Phytochemical studies and thin layer chromatography of leaves and flower extracts of Senna siamea Lam for possible biomedical applications
2015 · External reference
Phytochemical screening, gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and in vitro antiplasmodial analysis of Senna siamea leaves as antimalarial, Yobe State, Nigeria
2020 · External reference
A study of the antimicrobial activity of Alangium salviifolium
10.4103/0253-7613.25810 · 2006 · External reference
Antibacterial activity of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) extracts on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
10.33003/fjs-2025-0904-3344 · 2025 · External reference
Phytochemical analysis and assessment of antibacterial efficacy of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter Leaf) against some selected clinical bacterial isolates
2023 · External reference
Plant flavonoids: Chemical characteristics and biological activity
10.3390/molecules26175377 · 2021 · External reference
Saponins: Extraction, bio-medicinal properties and way forward to anti-viral representatives
10.1016/j.fct.2021.112075 · 2021 · External reference
Polyphenols, saponins and phytosterols in lentils and their health benefits: An overview
10.3390/ph15101225 · 2022 · External reference
A review study on the pharmacological effects and mechanism of action of tannins
2021 · External reference
Anti-microbial activity of leaf and root extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (Bitter leaf) on some bacterial isolates
2011 · External reference
Antibacterial activity of composite mixture of Senna siamea leaves and tamarind pulp extracts on multidrug resistant Salmonella typhi
10.9734/ejmp/2022/v33i330453 · 2022 · External reference
Growth inhibitory effect of Senna siamea leaf extracts on selected microorganisms
2013 · External reference
Invitro antimicrobial activity of bitter melon leaf extract using well diffusion method
10.70604/jmtbas.v1i1.10 · 2024 · External reference
Antibacterial efficacy and phytochemical screening of Senna siamea leaves extracts on some pathogenic bacteria
2018 · External reference
Antimicrobial activities of Hibiscus sabdariffa and Aspilia africana against clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi
2023 · External reference
In vitro antibacterial evaluation of four selected medicinal plants against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Mieso district west Hararghe zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia
10.2174/18742858-v16-e221128-2022-14 · 2022 · External reference
Phytochemical properties and antimicrobial activities of combined effect of extracts of the leaves of Garcinia kola, Vernonia amygdalina and honey on some medically important microorganisms
2009 · External reference
Bacillus subtilis biofilm induction by plant polysaccharides
10.1073/pnas.1218984110 · 2013 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Evolving biofilm inhibition and eradication in clinical settings through plant-based antibiofilm agents
10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154973 · 2023 · External reference
Anti-biofilm effect of medicinal plant extracts against clinical isolate of biofilm of Escherichia coli
2013 · External reference
Biofilm-inhibition activities of fractions of Senna Siamea (LAM) Irwin Barneby leaf against Escherichia coli
10.5897/ajmr2019.9250 · 2020 · External reference