Research graph
References from Persistent endothelial dysfunction is associated with exercise intolerance in adults despite preserved myocardial work 3 years after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
A comprehensive review of clinical studies applying flow‐mediated dilation
10.3390/diagnostics14222499 · 2024 · External reference
Considerations of race and ethnicity within rehabilitation studies for post COVID‐19 condition: A scoping review
10.1002/pmrj.70027 · 2025 · External reference
Endothelial function in cardiovascular medicine: A consensus paper of the European Society of Cardiology Working Groups on atherosclerosis and vascular biology, aorta and peripheral vascular diseases, coronary pathophysiology and microcirculation, and thrombosis
10.1093/cvr/cvaa085 · 2021 · External reference
Cardiopulmonary exercise performance and endothelial function in convalescent COVID‐19 patients
10.3390/jcm11051452 · 2022 · External reference
Clinical assessment of endothelial function in convalescent COVID‐19 patients: A meta‐analysis with meta‐regressions
10.1080/07853890.2022.2136403 · 2022 · External reference
COVID‐19, renin‐angiotensin system and endothelial dysfunction
10.3390/cells9071652 · 2020 · External reference
The percentage flow‐mediated dilation index: A large‐sample investigation of its appropriateness, potential for bias and causal nexus in vascular medicine
10.1177/1358863x13508446 · 2013 · External reference
Oxygen uptake efficiency slope: A new index of cardiorespiratory functional reserve derived from the relation between oxygen uptake and minute ventilation during incremental exercise
10.1016/s0735-1097(96)00412-3 · 1996 · External reference
Myocardial injury and COVID‐19: Possible mechanisms
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117723 · 2020 · External reference
The impact of COVID‐19 severity on adult survivors: Is there a relationship between vascular reactivity and cardiorespiratory fitness?
10.14814/phy2.70216 · 2025 · External reference
Clinician's guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adults: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association
10.1161/cir.0b013e3181e52e69 · 2010 · External reference
Special article—Acute myocardial injury in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 infection: A review
10.1016/j.pcad.2020.05.013 · 2020 · External reference
Long‐term prognostic impact of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients recovered from COVID‐19
10.1111/echo.15575 · 2023 · External reference
Impaired endothelial function in individuals with post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19: Effects of combined exercise training
10.1097/hcr.0000000000000928 · 2025 · External reference
Long COVID and rehabilitation
10.1016/j.jfma.2023.03.022 · 2024 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1988 · External reference
Cardiopulmonary testing in long COVID‐19 versus non‐COVID‐19 patients with undifferentiated dyspnea on exertion
10.1016/j.pcad.2023.05.005 · 2024 · External reference
Exercise intolerance and response to training in patients with Postacute sequelae of SARS‐CoV2 (Long COVID): A scientific statement from the American Heart Association
10.1161/cir.0000000000001348 · 2025 · External reference
Myocardial work indices in patients recently recovered from mild‐to‐moderate COVID‐19
10.3390/jcm13144090 · 2024 · External reference
Longitudinal strain and myocardial work in symptomatic patients having recovered from COVID‐19 and possible associations with the severity of the disease
10.1007/s10554-023-03042-2 · 2024 · External reference
Long COVID: Major findings, mechanisms and recommendations
10.1038/s41579-022-00846-2 · 2023 · External reference
Post‐COVID‐19 functional status scale: Cross‐cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version
10.1016/j.bjpt.2023.100503 · 2023 · External reference
Obesity‐related inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in COVID‐19: Impact on disease severity
10.2147/jir.s282710 · 2021 · External reference
10.1101/2022.05.17.22275235
10.1101/2022.05.17.22275235 · External reference
Use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing to evaluate Long COVID‐19 symptoms in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36057 · 2022 · External reference
Ventilatory muscle training for early cardiac rehabilitation improved functional capacity and modulated vascular function of individuals undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: Pilot randomized clinical trial
10.3390/ijerph19159340 · 2022 · External reference
COVID 19 disease independently predicted endothelial dysfunction measured by flow‐mediated dilatation
10.1007/s10554-021-02356-3 · 2022 · External reference
Sympathetic neural overdrive, aortic stiffening, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired exercise capacity in severe COVID‐19 survivors: A mid‐term study of cardiovascular sequelae
10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19958 · 2023 · External reference
Epicardial adipose tissue in coronary microvascular disease
2026 · External reference
Practical guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adults
10.1186/s12931-021-01895-6 · 2022 · External reference
National Institutes of Health COVID‐19 treatment guidelines panel: Perspectives and lessons learned
10.7326/annals-24-00464 · 2024 · External reference
Long COVID prevalence and risk factors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies
2025 · External reference
Flow‐mediated dilation reference values for evaluation of endothelial function and cardiovascular health
10.1093/cvr/cvac095 · 2023 · External reference
Cardiopulmonary exercise test: Background, applicability and interpretation
2016 · External reference
Reference intervals for brachial artery flow‐mediated dilation and the relation with cardiovascular risk factors
10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15754 · 2021 · External reference
Myocardial work and vascular dysfunction are partially improved at 12 months after COVID‐19 infection
10.1002/ejhf.2451 · 2022 · External reference
Mechanisms underlying exercise intolerance in long COVID: An accumulation of multisystem dysfunction
10.14814/phy2.15940 · 2024 · External reference
Long COVID and chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalitis share similar pathophysiologic mechanisms of exercise limitation
10.14814/phy2.70535 · 2025 · External reference
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing: Methodology, interpretation, and role in exercise prescription for cardiac rehabilitation
10.15420/usc.2024.37 · 2024 · External reference
Long COVID—Metabolic risk factors and novel therapeutic management
10.1038/s41574-021-00495-0 · 2021 · External reference
Vascular pathogenesis in acute and Long COVID: Current insights and therapeutic outlook
10.1055/s-0044-1790603 · 2025 · External reference
Obese patients with long COVID‐19 display abnormal hyperventilatory response and impaired gas exchange at peak exercise
10.2217/fca-2022-0017 · 2022 · External reference
Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: An update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging
10.1016/j.echo.2014.10.003 · 2015 · External reference
Validity of the international physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ‐SF): A systematic review
10.1186/1479-5868-8-115 · 2011 · External reference
Immune modulation: The key to combat SARS‐CoV‐2 induced myocardial injury
10.3389/fimmu.2025.1561946 · 2025 · External reference
Oxygen uptake kinetics and chronotropic responses to exercise are impaired in survivors of severe COVID‐19
10.1152/ajpheart.00291.2022 · 2022 · External reference
Subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with persistent dyspnea one year after COVID‐19‐why should screening for cardiovascular diseases Be performed? Reply to Vankrunkelsven, P. Tendentious paper‐titles and wrong Conclusions Lead to fear in the population and medical overconsumption. Comment on “Luchian et al. subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with persistent dyspnea one year after COVID‐19. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 57”
10.3390/diagnostics12081837 · 2022 · External reference
Exploratory analyses in aetiologic research and considerations for assessment of credibility: Mini‐review of literature
10.1136/bmj-2021-070113 · 2022 · External reference
Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal non‐invasive myocardial work indices: Results from the EACVI NORRE study
10.1093/ehjci/jey188 · 2019 · External reference
Effectiveness and tolerance of exercise interventions for long COVID: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082441 · 2025 · External reference
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in post‐COVID‐19 patients: Where does exercise intolerance come from?
2023 · External reference
Reference standards for cardiorespiratory fitness in Brazil: A pooled analysis and overview of heterogeneity in national and international studies
10.1097/hcr.0000000000000690 · 2022 · External reference
Myocardial work efficiency, a novel measure of myocardial dysfunction, is reduced in COVID‐19 patients and associated with in‐hospital mortality
10.3389/fcvm.2021.667721 · 2021 · External reference
Endothelial function provides early prognostic information in patients with COVID‐19: A cohort study
10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106469 · 2021 · External reference
Myocardial work in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19: Relation to biomarkers, COVID‐19 severity, and all‐cause mortality
10.1161/jaha.122.026571 · 2022 · External reference
Sympathetic neural overdrive, vascular dysfunction, and diminished exercise capacity in patients with long COVID‐19: A long‐term study of cardiovascular sequelae
10.1152/ajpregu.00055.2025 · 2025 · External reference
Methodological and statistical considerations for cross‐sectional, case‐control, and cohort studies
10.3390/jcm13144005 · 2024 · External reference
Persistent symptoms and clinical findings in adults with post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19/post‐COVID‐19 syndrome in the second year after acute infection: A population‐based, nested case‐control study
10.1371/journal.pmed.1004511 · 2025 · External reference
Ventilatory efficiency in long‐term dyspnoeic patients following COVID‐19 pneumonia
10.1016/j.resp.2024.104285 · 2024 · External reference
ARTP statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing 2021
10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001121 · 2021 · External reference
Long‐term sequelae of COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of symptoms 3 years post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
10.1002/jmv.70429 · 2025 · External reference
Exploratory analyses: How to meaningfully interpret and report them
10.1002/pmrj.12980 · 2023 · External reference
A novel clinical method for quantification of regional left ventricular pressure‐strain loop area: A non‐invasive index of myocardial work
10.1093/eurheartj/ehs016 · 2012 · External reference
Acute myocardial injury in patients with COVID‐19: Possible mechanisms and clinical implications
10.12998/wjcc.v10.i3.762 · 2022 · External reference
The impact of long COVID on physical and cardiorespiratory parameters: A systematic review
10.1371/journal.pone.0318707 · 2025 · External reference
Clinical and pulmonary function analysis in long‐COVID revealed that long‐term pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular inflammation pathways and metabolic syndrome
10.3389/fmed.2023.1271863 · 2023 · External reference
A single bout of submaximal aerobic functional capacity test acutely promotes endothelial function in long COVID patients
10.1038/s41598-026-41182-2 · 2026 · External reference
Medium‐ to long‐term health condition of patients post‐COVID‐19, exercise intolerance and potential mechanisms: A narrative review and perspective
10.1177/20503121241296701 · 2024 · External reference
From heart to muscle: Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying long‐term physical sequelae from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
10.1152/japplphysiol.00734.2021 · 2022 · External reference
Subclinical patterns of cardiac involvement by transthoracic echocardiography in individuals with mild initial COVID‐19
10.1038/s41598-025-85221-w · 2025 · External reference
Persistent exertional intolerance after COVID‐19: Insights from invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing
10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.010 · 2022 · External reference
Association of obesity with COVID‐19 severity and mortality: An updated systemic review, meta‐analysis, and meta‐regression
10.3389/fendo.2022.780872 · 2022 · External reference
Vascular complications of Long COVID‐from endothelial dysfunction to systemic thrombosis: A systematic review
10.3390/ijms27010433 · 2025 · External reference
Sex differences in sequelae from COVID‐19 infection and in long COVID syndrome: A review
10.1080/03007995.2022.2081454 · 2022 · External reference
Age‐predicted maximal heart rate revisited
10.1016/s0735-1097(00)01054-8 · 2001 · External reference
Expert consensus and evidence‐based recommendations for the assessment of flow‐mediated dilation in humans
10.1093/eurheartj/ehz350 · 2019 · External reference
Functional limitations and exercise intolerance in patients with post‐COVID condition: A randomized crossover clinical trial
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.4386 · 2024 · External reference
Connections between diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome and the outcome of cardiac dysfunctions diagnosed during the recovery from COVID‐19 in patients without a previous history of cardiovascular diseases
10.3390/biology12030370 · 2023 · External reference
The impact of metabolic syndrome and obesity on the evolution of diastolic dysfunction in apparently healthy patients suffering from post‐COVID‐19 syndrome
2022 · External reference
High‐intensity interval training versus progressive high‐intensity circuit resistance training on endothelial function and cardiorespiratory fitness in heart failure: A preliminary randomized controlled trial
10.1371/journal.pone.0257607 · 2021 · External reference
Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: Consensus document of the EACVI/ASE/industry task force to standardize deformation imaging
10.1016/j.echo.2014.11.003 · 2015 · External reference
The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008 · 2008 · External reference
Incremental prognostic value of global myocardial work over ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
10.1093/ehjci/jeaa162 · 2021 · External reference
Cross‐sectional studies: Strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations
10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.012 · 2020 · External reference
Abnormal coronary vascular response in patients with long COVID syndrome ‐ a case‐control study using oxygenation‐sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance
10.1016/j.jocmr.2025.101890 · 2025 · External reference
Damage to endothelial barriers and its contribution to long COVID
10.1007/s10456-023-09878-5 · 2024 · External reference
Long‐term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID‐19
10.1038/s41591-022-01689-3 · 2022 · External reference
Cardiovascular outcomes in long COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
10.3389/fcvm.2025.1450470 · 2025 · External reference
Subclinical myocardial work impairment in non‐diabetic overweight and obese individuals: Impact of cardiometabolic traits
10.1016/j.ijcard.2025.133321 · 2025 · External reference
