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References from Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection in Children From 8 Days to 5 Years of Age. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
The dysfunctional voiding scoring system: quantitative standardization of dysfunctional voiding symptoms in children
10.1097/00005392-200009020-00023 · 2000 · External reference
Prevalence of urinary tract infection in childhood: a meta-analysis
10.1097/inf.0b013e31815e4122 · 2008 · External reference
Urinary tract infection: clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of the initial UTI in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months
10.1542/peds.2011-1330 · 2011 · External reference
10.1542/peds.2026-078567 · 2026 · Admitted local publication
10.1542/peds.2026-078568 · 2026 · Admitted local publication
10.1542/peds.2026-078566 · Admitted local publication
Biomarkers for febrile urinary tract infection in children
10.1007/s00467-021-05173-x · 2022 · External reference
Diagnostic accuracy of the urinalysis for urinary tract infection in infants <3 months of age
10.1542/peds.2015-0012 · 2015 · External reference
GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations
10.1136/bmj.39489.470347.ad · 2008 · External reference
GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026 · 2011 · External reference
GRADE guidelines: 15. Going from evidence to recommendation-determinants of a recommendation’s direction and strength
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.02.003 · 2013 · External reference
GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015 · 2011 · External reference
Guidelines 2.0: systematic development of a comprehensive checklist for a successful guideline enterprise
10.1503/cmaj.131237 · 2014 · External reference
Guidelines International Network: toward international standards for clinical practice guidelines
10.7326/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00009 · 2012 · External reference
Guidelines International Network: principles for disclosure of interests and management of conflicts in guidelines
10.7326/m14-1885 · 2015 · External reference
10.17226/13058
10.17226/13058 · 2011 · External reference
The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
10.1136/bmj.n71 · 2021 · External reference
GRADE guidelines: 2. Framing the question and deciding on important outcomes
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.09.012 · 2011 · External reference
Evaluation and management of well-appearing febrile infants 8 to 60 days old
10.1542/peds.2021-052228 · 2021 · External reference
Technical report: diagnosis and management of an initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children
10.1542/peds.2011-1332 · 2011 · External reference
RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials
10.1136/bmj.l4898 · 2019 · External reference
ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions
10.1136/bmj.i4919 · 2016 · External reference
QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies
10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009 · 2011 · External reference
GRADE Guidelines: 16. GRADE evidence to decision frameworks for tests in clinical practice and public health
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.01.032 · 2016 · External reference
GRADE guidelines: 11. Making an overall rating of confidence in effect estimates for a single outcome and for all outcomes
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.01.006 · 2013 · External reference
GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks: a systematic and transparent approach to making well informed healthcare choices. 2: Clinical practice guidelines
10.1136/bmj.i2089 · 2016 · External reference
GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks: a systematic and transparent approach to making well informed healthcare choices. 1: Introduction
10.1136/bmj.i2016 · 2016 · External reference
Guideline panels should not GRADE good practice statements
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.12.011 · 2015 · External reference
Prevalence of urinary tract infection in acutely unwell children in general practice: a prospective study with systematic urine sampling
10.3399/bjgp13x663127 · 2013 · External reference
Personal history and physical examination in judgment of urinary tract infection in children aged 3 months to 2 years
10.1016/j.pedneo.2015.09.011 · 2016 · External reference
A clinical prediction tool to predict urinary tract infection in pediatric febrile patients younger than 2 years old: a retrospective analysis of a fever registry
10.15441/ceem.20.134 · 2021 · External reference
Urinary tract infections in infants and children
10.1128/microbiolspec.uti-0022-2016 · 2016 · External reference
10.1016/b978-0-7020-3468-8.50057-2
10.1016/b978-0-7020-3468-8.50057-2 · 2008 · External reference
Bacterial and fungal profile, antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial pathogens and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among symptomatic pediatrics patients attending St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College: a cross-sectional study
10.2147/idr.s372299 · 2022 · External reference
The association between vitamin D and urinary tract infection in children: a case-control study
2022 · External reference
Risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infections in a cohort of patients with primary vesicoureteral reflux
10.1097/inf.0b013e3181b8e85f · 2010 · External reference
Visibility of the urethral meatus and risk of urinary tract infections in uncircumcised boys
10.1503/cmaj.111372 · 2012 · External reference
Neonatal circumcision and urinary tract infections in infants with hydronephrosis
10.1542/peds.2017-3703 · 2018 · External reference
Bacterial profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among clinically suspected children attending at Felege-Hiwot comprehensive and specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. A prospective study
10.1186/s12879-020-05402-y · 2020 · External reference
Association of malodorous urine with urinary tract infection in children aged 1 to 36 months
10.1542/peds.2011-2856 · 2012 · External reference
Risk of urinary tract infection in patients with hydroureter: An analysis from the Society of Fetal Urology Prenatal Hydronephrosis Registry
10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.09.001 · 2021 · External reference
Retractable foreskin reduces urinary tract infections in infant boys with vesicoureteral reflux
10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.01.007 · 2021 · External reference
Risk factors for the development of febrile recurrences in children with a history of urinary tract infection
10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.12.037 · 2022 · External reference
Guidelines for urinary tract infections and antenatal hydronephrosis should be gender specific
10.1111/apa.13129 · 2015 · External reference
Risk factors for recurrent urinary tract infection and renal scarring
10.1542/peds.2015-0409 · 2015 · External reference
Urinary tract infection in preterm infants: the protective role of breastfeeding
10.1007/s00467-008-1007-7 · 2009 · External reference
Girls and renal scarring as risk factors for febrile urinary tract infection after stopping antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux
10.1007/s00345-020-03524-1 · 2021 · External reference
Evaluation of the relationship between vitamin D levels and prevalence of urinary tract infections in children
10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100728 · 2020 · External reference
Early discontinuation of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with persistent primary vesicoureteral reflux initially detected during infancy: outcome analysis and risk factors for febrile urinary tract infection
10.1016/j.juro.2014.08.007 · 2015 · External reference
Constipation on abdominal radiograph as potential risk factor for recurrent urinary tract infection development
10.1007/s00467-021-04973-5 · 2021 · External reference
Bacterial pathogens in first febrile urinary tract infection affect breakthrough infections in infants with vesicoureteral reflux treated with prophylactic antibiotics
10.1016/j.urology.2012.11.014 · 2013 · External reference
The risk factors of recurrent urinary tract infection in infants with normal urinary systems
10.1007/s00467-008-1001-0 · 2009 · External reference
Risk factors for breakthrough urinary tract infection in children with vesicoureteral reflux receiving continuous antibiotic prophylaxis
10.21037/tp-21-398 · 2022 · External reference
Risk factors for urinary tract infection in children: a population-based study of 2856 children
10.1111/j.1440-1754.2008.01435.x · 2009 · External reference
What did we find from imaging studies in childhood urinary tract infection and which studies are mandatory?
10.1016/j.urology.2017.09.014 · 2018 · External reference
Fecal impaction detected by imaging predicts recurrent urinary tract infection
10.1111/ped.15171 · 2022 · External reference
Risk factors for urinary tract infections in children aged 0–36 months presenting with fever without source and evaluated for risk of serious bacterial infections
10.1016/j.arcped.2020.07.006 · 2020 · External reference
Predicting early recurrent urinary tract infection in pretoilet trained children with vesicoureteral reflux
10.1016/j.juro.2009.03.020 · 2009 · External reference
Risk factors for febrile urinary tract infection in infants with prenatal hydronephrosis: comprehensive single center analysis
10.1016/j.juro.2013.10.035 · 2014 · External reference
Urinary tract infections in children with prenatal hydronephrosis: a risk assessment from the Society for Fetal Urology Hydronephrosis Registry
2016 · External reference
When to perform urine cultures in respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile older infants?
10.1097/pec.0000000000000203 · 2014 · External reference
Childhood recurrent urinary tract infection in southern Thailand
10.3109/0886022x.2012.741647 · 2013 · External reference
Prevalence of urinary tract infection in febrile infants
10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81531-8 · 1993 · External reference
Development and validation of a calculator for estimating the probability of urinary tract infection in young febrile children
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0217 · 2018 · External reference
Oral versus initial intravenous therapy for urinary tract infections in young febrile children
10.1542/peds.104.1.79 · 1999 · External reference
Early treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children fails to reduce renal scarring: data from the Italian Renal Infection Study Trials
10.1542/peds.2007-2894 · 2008 · External reference
Prospective, randomized trial comparing short and long intravenous antibiotic treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children: dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphic evaluation at 9 months
10.1542/peds.2006-3632 · 2008 · External reference
Randomised controlled trial of three day versus 10 day intravenous antibiotics in acute pyelonephritis: effect on renal scarring
10.1136/adc.84.3.241 · 2001 · External reference
Early antibiotic treatment for pediatric febrile urinary tract infection and renal scarring
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1181 · 2016 · External reference
The impact of therapeutic delay time on acute scintigraphic lesion and ultimate scar formation in children with first febrile UTI
10.1007/s00431-011-1614-3 · 2012 · External reference
Does prompt treatment of urinary tract infection in preschool children prevent renal scarring: mixed retrospective and prospective audits
10.1136/archdischild-2013-304428 · 2014 · External reference
Does early treatment of urinary tract infection prevent renal damage?
10.1542/peds.2006-2417 · 2007 · External reference
Risk factors for renal scar formation in infants with first episode of acute pyelonephritis: a prospective clinical study
10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.164 · 2012 · External reference
Delayed treatment of the first febrile urinary tract infection in early childhood increased the risk of renal scarring
10.1111/apa.13636 · 2017 · External reference
Risk factors in the development of early technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy lesions during first urinary tract infection in children
10.1111/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00463.x · 2003 · External reference
Recurrent urinary tract infections in children with bladder and bowel dysfunction
10.1542/peds.2015-2982 · 2016 · External reference
Development of hypertension and uraemia after pyelonephritis in childhood: 27 year follow up
10.1136/bmj.299.6701.703 · 1989 · External reference
Urinary infection, reflux and renal scarring in females continuously followed for 13–38 years
10.1007/bf00860724 · 1995 · External reference
History of childhood kidney disease and risk of adult end-stage renal disease
10.1056/nejmoa1700993 · 2018 · External reference
Infant urinary tract infection in Sweden - A national study of current diagnostic procedures, imaging and treatment
10.1007/s00467-024-06415-4 · 2024 · External reference
Commentary: Fever is your friend
10.1542/pir.4412commentary · 2023 · External reference
Spontaneous clearance of asymptomatic bacteriuria in infants
10.1111/j.1651-2227.1990.tb11460.x · 1990 · External reference
Biomarkers that differentiate false positive urinalyses from true urinary tract infection
10.1007/s00467-019-04403-7 · 2020 · External reference
Risk factors for contamination of catheterized urine specimens in febrile children
10.1097/pec.0b013e3182037c20 · 2011 · External reference
Pyuria and bacteriuria in urine specimens obtained by catheter from young children with fever
10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83127-0 · 1994 · External reference
Support for the use of a new cutoff to define a positive urine culture in young children
10.1542/peds.2023-061931 · 2023 · External reference
Pediatric urinary tract infections
10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70385-0 · 2001 · External reference
Pediatric urinary tract infections
10.1016/j.pcl.2006.02.011 · 2006 · External reference
Diagnostic role of initial renal cortical scintigraphy in children with the first episode of acute pyelonephritis
10.1007/s12149-010-0431-5 · 2011 · External reference
Evaluation of acute pyelonephritis with DMSA scans in children presenting after the age of 5 years
10.1007/s00467-005-1925-6 · 2005 · External reference
Accuracy of NGAL as a biomarker for urinary tract infection in young febrile children: an individual patient data meta-analysis
10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113394 · 2023 · External reference
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections
10.1542/peds.2017-1090 · 2017 · External reference
Two-step process for ED UTI screening in febrile young children: reducing catheterization rates
10.1542/peds.2015-3023 · 2016 · External reference
Liquid gold: the cost-effectiveness of urine sample collection methods for young precontinent children
10.1136/archdischild-2019-317561 · 2020 · External reference
Short-term treatment of acute urinary tract infection in girls
10.3109/00365549109023403 · 1991 · External reference
Short-term treatment of lower urinary tract infections in children with trimethoprim/sulphadiazine
10.1007/bf01640727 · 1981 · External reference
Three-day therapy of lower urinary tract infections with nitrofurantoin macrocrystals: a randomized clinical trial
10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80037-6 · 1981 · External reference
The role of bacterial adhesins in the outcome of childhood urinary tract infections
1993 · External reference
Comparison of 3-day versus 14-day treatment of lower urinary tract infection in children
10.1007/bf02549709 · 1991 · External reference
Two-day therapy with cefuroxime axetil is effective for urinary tract infections in children
10.1159/000168709 · 1994 · External reference
Single dose antibiotic therapy is not as effective as conventional regimens for management of acute urinary tract infections in children
10.1097/00006454-198805000-00004 · 1988 · External reference
Short oral antibiotic therapy for pediatric febrile urinary tract infections: a randomized trial
10.1542/peds.2023-062598 · 2024 · External reference
Single daily doses of trimethoprim/sulphadiazine for three or 10 days in urinary tract infections
10.1111/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12336.x · 1992 · External reference
Comparative effectiveness of antibiotic treatment duration in children with pyelonephritis
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3951 · 2020 · External reference
Nalidixic acid and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole as alternatives for short-term treatment of urinary infections
10.1080/02724936.1986.11748440 · 1986 · External reference
Short-course therapy for urinary tract infections in children: the SCOUT randomized clinical trial
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.1979 · 2023 · External reference
Cumulative antibiotic exposures over time and the risk of Clostridium difficile infection
10.1093/cid/cir301 · 2011 · External reference
Pediatric caregiver behaviors related to oral antibiotic use
10.1093/jpids/piab020 · 2021 · External reference
Pan-European survey of patients’ attitudes to antibiotics and antibiotic use
10.1177/030006059602400301 · 1996 · External reference
A placebo-controlled trial of antibiotics for smaller skin abscesses
10.1056/nejmoa1607033 · 2017 · External reference
Compliance of German pediatric patients with oral antibiotic therapy: results of a nationwide survey
10.1097/00006454-199912000-00012 · 1999 · External reference
Streptococcal pharyngitis: a prospective study of compliance and complications
10.5402/2012/796389 · 2012 · External reference
Short-duration electronic health record option buttons to reduce prolonged length of antibiotic therapy in outpatients
10.1542/peds.2020-034819 · 2021 · External reference
Antibiotic treatment and antimicrobial resistance in children with urinary tract infections
10.1016/j.jgar.2019.06.016 · 2020 · External reference
A national quality improvement collaborative to improve antibiotic use in pediatric infections
10.1542/peds.2023-062246 · 2024 · External reference
Reducing antibiotic duration for uncomplicated UTI in the pediatric emergency department
10.1542/hpeds.2023-007561 · 2024 · External reference
Randomized trial of oral versus sequential IV/oral antibiotic for acute pyelonephritis in children
10.1542/peds.2011-0814 · 2012 · External reference
Antibiotic treatment for pyelonephritis in children: multicentre randomised controlled non-inferiority trial
10.1136/bmj.39244.692442.55 · 2007 · External reference
Length of intravenous antibiotic therapy and treatment failure in infants with urinary tract infections
10.1542/peds.2009-2948 · 2010 · External reference
Emergency department revisits after an initial parenteral antibiotic dose for UTI
10.1542/peds.2018-0900 · 2018 · External reference
Parenteral antibiotic therapy duration in young infants with bacteremic urinary tract infections
10.1542/peds.2018-3844 · 2019 · External reference
Impact of early oral antibiotic therapy in infants with bacteremic urinary tract infections
10.1542/hpeds.2021-006479 · 2022 · External reference
A comparison of short versus long course intravenous antibiotics when treating urinary tract infection in infants <60 days of age
10.1177/00099228231154364 · 2023 · External reference
Oral antibiotics for neonatal infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1093/jac/dkz252 · 2019 · External reference
Racial and ethnic differences in prescription filling after discharge from an urban pediatric emergency department
10.1097/pec.0000000000002168 · 2022 · External reference
Electronically monitored adherence to short-term antibiotic therapy in children
10.1542/peds.2022-058281 · 2022 · External reference
Acute 99mTc DMSA scan predicts dilating vesicoureteral reflux in young children with a first febrile urinary tract infection: a population-based cohort study
10.1097/rlu.0b013e318279f112 · 2013 · External reference
Are clinical, laboratory, and imaging markers suitable predictors of vesicoureteral reflux in children with their first febrile urinary tract infection?
10.4111/kju.2014.55.8.536 · 2014 · External reference
The efficacy of ultrasound and dimercaptosuccinic acid scan in predicting vesicoureteral reflux in children below the age of 2 years with their first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1007/s00467-009-1232-8 · 2009 · External reference
Combined use of late phase dimercapto-succinic acid renal scintigraphy and ultrasound as first line screening after urinary tract infection in children
10.1016/j.juro.2010.09.029 · 2011 · External reference
The value of renal ultrasound in children with a first episode of urinary tract infection
10.4103/0256-4947.51817 · 2009 · External reference
Renal ultrasonography should be done routinely in children with first urinary tract infections
10.1016/j.urology.2007.10.049 · 2008 · External reference
Prediction of vesicoureteral reflux by ultrasonography and renal scan in children
2022 · External reference
Role of renal ultrasonography in predicting vesicoureteral reflux and renal scarring in children hospitalized with a first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1016/j.pedneo.2015.06.001 · 2016 · External reference
The role of late dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan and renal ultrasonography for vesicoureteral reflux in older children
10.4274/jpr.galenos.2021.65707 · 2021 · External reference
The role of renal ultrasound in children with febrile urinary tract infection
2018 · External reference
Predictive score for vesicoureteral reflux in children with a first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1111/iju.14515 · 2021 · External reference
Imaging practices and implications in young infants with urinary tract infection
10.1542/hpeds.2021-006507 · 2022 · External reference
Screening high-grade vesicoureteral reflux in young infants with a febrile urinary tract infection
10.1007/s00467-012-2104-1 · 2012 · External reference
Serum interleukin -8 is not a reliable marker for prediction of vesicoureteral reflux in children with febrile urinary tract infection
10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.0381 · 2015 · External reference
Value of ultrasound in evaluation of infants with first urinary tract infection
10.1016/j.juro.2010.01.032 · 2010 · External reference
Renal ultrasound for infants younger than 2 months with a febrile urinary tract infection
10.2214/ajr.15.14424 · 2015 · External reference
A new recommendation for febrile urinary tract infection in children aged 2–24 months: Tepecik UTI Guideline-2
10.1093/tropej/fmac109 · 2022 · External reference
Kidney echogenicity and vesicoureteral reflux in children with febrile urinary tract infection
10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.11.065 · 2022 · External reference
The role of DMSA renal scintigraphy in the first episode of urinary tract infection in childhood
10.1007/s12149-012-0671-7 · 2013 · External reference
Characteristics of first urinary tract infection with fever in children: a prospective clinical and imaging study
10.1097/inf.0b013e318204dcf3 · 2011 · External reference
Febrile urinary tract infections in 0- to 3-month-old infants: a prospective follow-up study
10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.06.053 · 2011 · External reference
Ultrasound as a screening test for genitourinary anomalies in children with UTI
10.1542/peds.2013-2109 · 2014 · External reference
Is technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy available for predicting vesicoureteral reflux in children with first febrile urinary tract infection under the age of 24 months?
10.1097/mnm.0000000000001616 · 2022 · External reference
Role of procalcitonin in predicting dilating vesicoureteral reflux in young children hospitalized with a first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1097/inf.0b013e3182905d83 · 2013 · External reference
Voiding cystourethrography is mandatory in infants with febrile urinary tract infection
10.1620/tjem.231.251 · 2013 · External reference
Early dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan in children with first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1007/s13312-015-0631-0 · 2015 · External reference
Evaluating different imaging strategies in children after first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1007/s00467-010-1569-z · 2010 · External reference
Radiologic and clinical evaluation of children with first febrile urinary tract infection
2015 · External reference
Urinary tract infection in the neonates: what radiologic investigations should we do?
2020 · External reference
A local study of radiological findings in children diagnosed with urinary tract infection
2023 · External reference
Diagnostic values of kidney ultrasonography for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and high grade VUR
2021 · External reference
Kidney ultrasonography after first febrile urinary tract infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.1387 · 2023 · External reference
Incidence of abnormal imaging and recurrent pyelonephritis after first febrile urinary tract infection in children 2 to 24 months old
10.1016/j.juro.2013.01.049 · 2013 · External reference
Economic and radiation costs of initial imaging approaches after a child’s first febrile urinary tract infection
10.1177/0009922811417294 · 2012 · External reference
Models of care for vesicoureteral reflux with and without an end point of reflux resolution: a computer cost analysis
10.1016/j.juro.2012.12.051 · 2013 · External reference
Practice parameter: the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children
1999 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2022 · External reference
Effective dose estimation for pediatric voiding cystourethrography using an anthropomorphic phantom set and metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) technology
10.1007/s00247-009-1161-5 · 2009 · External reference
Sedation with midazolam for voiding cystourethrography in children: a randomised double-blind study
10.1007/s00247-003-0874-0 · 2003 · External reference
Distress and radiological investigations of the urinary tract in children
10.1007/bf01957153 · 1996 · External reference
AAP REVISE II QI Collaborative. Improving guideline-concordant care for febrile infants through a quality improvement initiative
10.1542/peds.2023-063339 · 2024 · External reference
Avoidance of voiding cystourethrography in infants younger than 3 months with Escherichia coli urinary tract infection and normal renal ultrasound
10.1136/archdischild-2016-311587 · 2017 · External reference
Urinary imaging findings in young infants with bacteremic urinary tract infection
10.1542/hpeds.2015-0229 · 2016 · External reference
Model for predicting high-grade vesicoureteral reflux in young children presenting with febrile urinary tract infection
10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.06.006 · 2022 · External reference
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography for vesicoureteral reflux diagnosis in children
10.1148/rg.2017170024 · 2017 · External reference
Imaging of vesicoureteral reflux: AJR expert panel narrative review
10.2214/ajr.23.29741 · 2024 · External reference
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography, part 1: vesicoureteral reflux evaluation
10.1007/s00247-020-04906-8 · 2021 · External reference
EAU guidelines on vesicoureteral reflux in children
10.1016/j.eururo.2012.05.059 · 2012 · External reference
Imaging recommendations in paediatric uroradiology: minutes of the ESPR workgroup session on urinary tract infection, fetal hydronephrosis, urinary tract ultrasonography and voiding cystourethrography, Barcelona, Spain, June 2007
10.1007/s00247-007-0695-7 · 2008 · External reference
ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Urinary Tract Infection-Child: 2023 Update
10.1016/j.jacr.2024.02.025 · 2024 · External reference
Accuracy of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography using Optison™ for diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children
10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.10.008 · 2023 · External reference
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux and intrarenal reflux: a comparison of diagnostic performance with fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography
10.14366/usg.20157 · 2021 · External reference
Comparison of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography with voiding cystourethrography in pediatric vesicoureteral reflux
10.5152/tud.2018.76702 · 2018 · External reference
Vesicoureteral reflux: diagnosis and grading with echo-enhanced cystosonography versus voiding cystourethrography
10.1148/radiol.2212001807 · 2001 · External reference
Voiding urosonography with US contrast agents for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux in children. II. Comparison with radiological examinations
10.1007/s00247-007-0528-8 · 2008 · External reference
Reflux in young patients: comparison of voiding US of the bladder and retrovesical space with echo enhancement versus voiding cystourethrography for diagnosis
10.1148/radiology.210.1.r99ja40201 · 1999 · External reference
A comparison of echo-enhanced voiding urosonography with X-ray voiding cystourethrography in the first year of life
10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02588.x · 2012 · External reference
Voiding urosonography including urethrosonography: high-quality examinations with an optimised procedure using a second-generation US contrast agent
10.1007/s00247-012-2360-z · 2012 · External reference
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography, a possible candidate for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children and adolescents; a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.10.023 · 2022 · External reference
Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children
10.1056/nejmoa0902295 · 2009 · External reference
Antibiotic prophylaxis in the management of vesicoureteric reflux: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
10.1007/s00467-014-2943-z · 2015 · External reference
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for children with vesicoureteral reflux
10.1056/nejmoa1401811 · 2014 · External reference
Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? A randomized, controlled trial
10.1542/peds.2007-2652 · 2008 · External reference
Antibiotic prophylaxis in infants with grade III, IV, or V vesicoureteral reflux
10.1056/nejmoa2300161 · 2023 · External reference
The Swedish reflux trial in children: II. Vesicoureteral reflux outcome
10.1016/j.juro.2010.01.059 · 2010 · External reference
Prophylaxis after first febrile urinary tract infection in children? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial
10.1542/peds.2007-3770 · 2008 · External reference
Clinical significance of primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary antibiotic prophylaxis after acute pyelonephritis: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study
10.1542/peds.2005-1362 · 2006 · External reference
Antimicrobial resistance and urinary tract infection recurrence
10.1542/peds.2015-2490 · 2016 · External reference
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