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References from Escapism in gaming: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Playful-consumption experiences and subjective well-being: Children's smartphone usage
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Cognitive, metacognitive, motivational, and emotional predictors of the intensity of internet gaming disorder among adolescents
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The ultimate escape: Escapism, sports fan passion and procrastination across two cultures
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Gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1556/2006.2022.00053 · 2022 · External reference
Validating the Motives for Online Gaming Questionnaire (MOGQ) within the WHO and APA gaming disorder symptoms frameworks
10.1016/j.chbr.2024.100504 · 2024 · External reference
Do gaming motives mediate between psychiatric symptoms and problematic gaming? An empirical survey study
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The mediating effect of motivations between psychiatric distress and gaming disorder among esport gamers and recreational gamers
10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152117 · 2019 · External reference
Career as a professional gamer: Gaming motives as predictors of career plans to become a professional esport player
10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01866 · 2020 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1991 · External reference
Are some subtypes of video gamer more at risk for gambling issues? A latent class analysis of a Canadian sample of University students
10.4309/jgi.2021.46.11 · 2021 · External reference
Measuring problem online video gaming and its association with problem gambling and suspected motivational, mental health, and behavioral risk factors in a sample of university students
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Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research
10.1556/2006.4.2015.009 · 2015 · External reference
Why do you play World of Warcraft? An in-depth exploration of self-reported motivations to play online and in-game behaviours in the virtual world of Azeroth
10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.021 · 2013 · External reference
The role of video gaming motives in the relationship between personality risk traits and internet gaming disorder
10.4309/jgi.2021.46.12 · External reference
Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG) player profiles: Exploring player's motives predicting internet addiction disorder
10.5812/ijhrba.107530 · External reference
Problematic video game use as an emotional coping strategy: Evidence from a sample of MMORPG gamers
10.1556/2006.8.2019.02 · 2019 · External reference
Metacognition, desire thinking and craving in problematic video game use
10.1007/s41347-022-00272-4 · 2022 · External reference
10.1002/9780470743386 · 2009 · Admitted local publication
Do coping strategies moderate the relationship between escapism and negative gaming outcomes in World of Warcraft (MMORPG) players?
10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.030 · 2018 · External reference
The Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.032 · 2019 · External reference
Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet-use disorders: An Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model
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Measures of behavioral function predict duration of video game play: Utilization of the video game functional assessment – Revised
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Demonstrating the validity of the Video Game Functional Assessment-Revised (VGFA-R)
10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.037 · 2016 · External reference
Motivations for the use of games in coping and emotional regulation
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Drivers for video games perceived addiction among console and smartphone users
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Maladaptive daydreaming, self-concept clarity, and gaming disorder symptoms assessed through DSM-5 and ICD-11: The role of fantasy and escape motives
10.1080/0144929x.2025.2574370 · 2026 · External reference
From healthy play to gaming disorder: Psychological profiles from emotional regulation and motivational factors
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The mediation effects of gaming motives between game involvement and problematic internet use: Escapism, advancement and socializing
10.1016/j.compedu.2018.03.007 · 2018 · External reference
Exploring user motivations to proactive stickiness through pleasure-arousal-dominance model towards online games
10.1007/s10799-024-00440-3 · 2024 · External reference
Network analysis of the relationship between internet gaming motives, internet gaming disorder, and leisure satisfaction
10.1016/j.paid.2024.112952 · 2025 · External reference
Associations of psychological distress, gaming motives and internet gaming disorder in adolescents: A network analysis
10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1787380 · 2026 · External reference
The indirect associations of gaming motivations between psychological distress and problematic gaming
10.1007/s11469-025-01620-0 · 2025 · External reference
Gaming motivations as moderators and mediators of the gender-internet gaming disorder link
10.1080/0144929x.2025.2573427 · External reference
Problematic gaming: A cluster analysis using gaming motivations and negative emotional states
10.1016/j.paid.2025.113584 · External reference
Prevalence and correlates of (internet) gaming disorder among young adults in Singapore
10.1007/s11126-025-10119-9 · 2025 · External reference
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A descriptive survey of online gaming characteristics and gaming disorder in Ireland
10.1017/ipm.2020.5 · 2020 · External reference
Spending money in free-to-play games: Sociodemographic characteristics, motives, impulsivity and internet gaming disorder specificities
10.3390/ijerph192315709 · 2022 · External reference
The role of self-control dimensions, game motivation, game genre, and game platforms in gaming disorder: Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings
10.2147/prbm.s435125 · 2023 · External reference
The relationship between depressive symptoms, loneliness, self-control, and gaming disorder among Polish male and female gamers: The indirect effects of gaming motives
10.3390/ijerph191610438 · 2022 · External reference
The psychology of passion: A meta-analytical review of a decade of research on intrapersonal outcomes
10.1007/s11031-015-9503-0 · 2015 · External reference
The associations between big five personality traits, gaming motives, and self-reported time spent gaming
10.1016/j.paid.2020.110483 · 2021 · External reference
Passion or addiction? Correlates of healthy versus problematic use of videogames in a sample of French-speaking regular players
10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.02.031 · 2018 · External reference
Escaping reality through videogames is linked to an implicit preference for virtual over real-life stimuli
10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.078 · 2019 · External reference
Why do you play? The development of the motives for online gaming questionnaire (MOGQ)
10.3758/s13428-011-0091-y · 2011 · External reference
A compensatory model to understand dysfunctional personality traits in problematic gaming: The role of vulnerable narcissism
10.1016/j.paid.2020.109921 · 2020 · External reference
Psychometric characteristics of the Iranian version of the Motives for Online Gaming Questionnaire (I-MOGQ)
10.18502/ijps.v17i4.10697 · 2022 · External reference
Pathological game use in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder
10.7717/peerj.3393 · 2017 · External reference
Relationship between internet gaming patterns, game genres, and gaming psychological motivations among students
10.5812/ijhrba-163653 · 2025 · External reference
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on internet use and escapism in adolescents
10.21134/rpcna.2020.mon.2056 · 2022 · External reference
Internet use during COVID-19 lockdown among young people in low- and middle-income countries: Role of psychological wellbeing
10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100379 · 2021 · External reference
How to do a meta-analysis
10.1348/000711010x502733 · 2010 · External reference
Escaping through video games: Using your avatar to find meaning in life
10.1016/j.chb.2023.107756 · 2023 · External reference
Social loneliness and internet gaming addiction among adolescents: The mediating roles of escape motivation and self-control
10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1793599 · 2026 · External reference
How does social presence influence SNS addiction? A belongingness theory perspective
10.1016/j.chb.2017.09.002 · 2017 · External reference
Internet gaming disorder and unmet psychological needs: Mediating roles of self-esteem, depression, and escapism
10.17759/cpse.2024130205 · 2024 · External reference
From active escapism to virtual withdrawal: Validation of the Compensatory-Dissociative Online Gaming scales (C-DOGs)
10.1556/2006.2024.00059 · 2024 · External reference
A further test of the impact of online gaming on psychological wellbeing and the role of play motivations and problematic use
10.1007/s11126-019-09656-x · 2019 · External reference
Conditional role of parental controlling mediation on the relationship between escape, daily game time, and gaming disorder
10.1007/s12144-023-04557-6 · 2024 · External reference
The impacts of academic stress on college students' problematic smartphone use and internet gaming disorder under the background of neijuan: Hierarchical regressions with mediational analysis on escape and coping motives
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1032700 · 2023 · External reference
Mobile gaming and internet addiction: When is playing no longer just fun and games?
10.1016/j.chb.2021.106989 · 2022 · External reference
Escapism among players of MMORPGs-Conceptual clarification, its relation to mental health factors, and development of a new measure
10.1089/cyber.2012.0222 · 2014 · External reference
Fixed- and random-effects models in meta-analysis
10.1037/1082-989x.3.4.486 · 1998 · External reference
Individual differences in motives, preferences, and pathology in video games: The gaming attitudes, motives, and experiences scales (GAMES)
10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00608 · 2013 · External reference
The Motivation to Play Scale (MOPS)—Introducing a validated measure of gaming motivation
10.1007/s12144-024-06631-z · 2024 · External reference
How does escapism foster game experience and game use?
10.1016/j.dss.2024.114207 · 2024 · External reference
Disentangling the effects of empathy components on internet gaming disorder: A study of vulnerable youth in China
10.1556/2006.8.2019.12 · 2019 · External reference
Wired to win, drained to play: Investigating the personality-fatigue nexus in gamers
10.1002/cb.70143 · 2026 · External reference
From play to pay: Exploring imaginal and emotional virtual item retail experiences in online game environment
10.1080/10447318.2024.2415758 · 2025 · External reference
To get high or to get out? Examining the link between addictive behaviors and escapism
10.1080/10826084.2021.2002897 · 2022 · External reference
What are escapists made of, and what does it have to do with excessive gambling and gaming?
10.1007/s11469-024-01394-x · 2024 · External reference
Escapism and excessive online behaviors: A three-wave longitudinal study in Finland during the COVID-19 pandemic
10.3390/ijerph191912491 · 2022 · External reference
MMORPG escapism predicts decreased well-being: Examination of gaming time, game realism beliefs, and online social support for offline problems
10.1089/cyber.2013.0595 · 2014 · External reference
The Trojan player typology: A cross-genre, cross-cultural, behaviorally validated scale of video game play motivations
10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.018 · 2015 · External reference
Problematizing excessive online gaming and its psychological predictors
10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.017 · External reference
The moderating role of psychosocial well-being on the relationship between escapism and excessive online gaming
10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.020 · External reference
How can we conceptualize behavioural addiction without pathologizing common behaviours?
10.1111/add.13763 · 2017 · External reference
Differences in general and gaming-specific self-esteem and their association with different psychological and gaming-related outcomes
10.1016/j.chbr.2026.101131 · 2026 · External reference
Characteristics and psychiatric symptoms of internet gaming disorder among adults using self-reported DSM-5 criteria
10.4306/pi.2016.13.1.58 · 2016 · External reference
Korean validation of the motives for online gaming questionnaire: Focusing on its factor structure and incremental validity
10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107019 · 2021 · External reference
Screening and assessment tools for gaming disorder: A comprehensive systematic review
10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101831 · 2020 · External reference
Toward a consensus definition of pathological video-gaming: A systematic review of psychometric assessment tools
10.1016/j.cpr.2013.01.002 · 2013 · External reference
A comprehensive model to understand and assess the motivational background of video game use: The Gaming Motivation Inventory (GMI)
10.1556/2006.2022.00048 · 2022 · External reference
Intense video gaming is not essentially problematic
10.1037/adb0000316 · 2017 · External reference
The mediating effect of gaming motivation between psychiatric symptoms and problematic online gaming: An online survey
10.2196/jmir.3515 · 2015 · External reference
Trait emotional intelligence and internet gaming disorder among gamers: The mediating role of online gaming motives and moderating role of age groups
10.1007/s11469-019-00179-x · 2020 · External reference
The dark tetrad traits and problematic online gaming: The mediating role of online gaming motives and moderating role of game types
10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.038 · 2018 · External reference
Not only for the (Tom) boys: Gender variables as predictors for playing motivations, passion, and addiction for MMORPGs
2019 · External reference
Four pillars of healthy escapism in games: Emotion regulation, mood management, coping, and recovery
10.1007/978-3-030-37643-7_4 · 2020 · External reference
Need frustration in online video games
10.1080/0144929x.2021.1928753 · 2022 · External reference
Pattern and correlates of internet gaming disorder among medical students -A cross-sectional study from a tertiary care health institute, Rajasthan
10.4103/jehp.jehp_2026_23 · 2024 · External reference
Determinants of gaming disorder among aspiring professional esports players: A prospective study
10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108675 · 2026 · External reference
Internet gaming disorder, motives, game genres and psychopathology
10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.012 · 2017 · External reference
Winning isn't everything: The impact of optimally challenging smartphone games on flow, game preference and individuals gaming to escape aversive bored states
10.1016/j.chb.2021.106857 · 2021 · External reference
Escaping the woes through flow? Examining the relationship between escapism, depression, and flow experience in role-playing and platform games
10.4309/jgi.2021.46.9 · 2021 · External reference
Unresolved reference
1984 · External reference
Comparison of eSports and traditional sports consumption motives
2011 · External reference
Prevalence of internet gaming disorder and its association with personality traits and gaming characteristics among Chinese adolescent gamers
10.3389/fpsyt.2020.598585 · 2020 · External reference
Seeking justice in video games: Belief in a just world and video game preferences
10.1037/ppm0000567 · 2026 · External reference
Computation of effect sizes
10.13140/rg.2.2.17823.92329 · 2017 · External reference
Real-world demotivation as a predictor of continued video game playing: A study on escapism, anxiety and lack of intrinsic motivation
10.1016/j.elerap.2022.101147 · 2022 · External reference
The rationality of escapism and self-deception
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Dynamics and moderating factors of esport participation and loneliness: A daily diary study
10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102384 · 2023 · External reference
Problematic gaming behaviour in Finnish adolescents and young adults: Relation to game genres, gaming motives and self-awareness of problematic use
10.1007/s11469-016-9726-7 · 2017 · External reference
Social anxiety and internet gaming disorder: The role of motives and metacognitions
10.1556/2006.2020.00044 · 2020 · External reference
A stress-coping model of problem online video game use
10.1007/s11469-018-9887-7 · 2019 · External reference
Escaping through virtual gaming-what is the association with emotional, social, and mental health? A systematic review
10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1257685 · 2023 · External reference
Development of gaming disorder: Underlying risk factors and complex temporal dynamics
10.1016/j.chb.2023.108112 · 2024 · External reference
Escaping reality or chasing fantasy? Schizotypy, gaming motivations, and problem video gaming
10.1016/j.chbr.2026.101146 · 2026 · External reference
Driven by motivation, fueled by rage, and struggling to disengage: A serial mediation model of internet gaming disorder in adolescents
10.1038/s41598-026-46538-2 · 2026 · External reference
Psychopathological symptoms and gaming motives in disordered gaming—A psychometric comparison between the WHO and APA diagnostic frameworks
10.3390/jcm8101691 · 2019 · External reference
The relative contribution of motives and maladaptive cognitions to levels of internet gaming disorder
10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100160 · 2019 · External reference
Exploring the motivational drivers of extended reality (XR) sports and fitness gameplay intentions
10.1016/j.chb.2025.108751 · 2025 · External reference
Does playing apart really bring us together? Investigating the link between perceived loneliness and the use of video games during a period of social distancing
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.683842 · 2022 · External reference
Could the construct of modern-type depression predict internet gaming disorder in Italian video gamers? A case–control study
10.3390/brainsci14010048 · 2024 · External reference
Game transfer phenomena and its associated factors: An exploratory empirical online survey study
10.1016/j.chb.2015.04.060 · 2015 · External reference
An empirical examination of factors associated with game transfer phenomena severity
10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.060 · 2016 · External reference
The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews
10.1136/bmj.n71 · 2021 · External reference
SPACE to esc: Affective and motivational correlates to adaptive and maladaptive escapism among video gamers—A network analysis
10.1037/ppm0000582 · 2025 · External reference
Determinants of hyperfocus in the context of escapism and gaming motivations, flow, and ADHD symptoms among adult video gamers
10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105321 · External reference
Game on but pay the price: Hyperfocus, flow, escapism, self-efficacy, and burnout among video gamers with ADHD traits
10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105241 · External reference
Online gaming and internet gaming disorder in Iran: Patterns, motivations, and correlates
10.1007/s12144-021-02490-0 · 2023 · External reference
Digital gaming during the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining the interplay of psychosocial problems, gaming motivations, and gaming disorder severity
10.1016/j.entcom.2025.100933 · 2025 · External reference
Schizotypal personality traits and problematic use of massively-multiplayer online roleplaying games (MMORPGs)
10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.048 · 2017 · External reference
Daily stress and gaming – An ambulatory assessment study in individuals with pathological, risky, and non-problematic gaming behavior
10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106321 · 2026 · External reference
„Game over ”durch fehlendes E-Warrior Talent? Eine empirische Studie über den Einfluss von Gaming-Skills auf die Nutzung unterschiedlicher Computerspielgenres
2009 · External reference
Correlates of borderline personality disorder traits and internet gaming disorder in college students
10.1111/jopy.13003 · 2024 · External reference
Down the digital rabbit hole: Objectification increases problematic gaming
10.1089/cyber.2024.0362 · 2025 · External reference
Toward a delineation of the differences between high engagement and problem gaming
10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100462 · 2022 · External reference
A mediation analysis of Autistic-like traits and gaming motivations on problem gaming symptoms: Are the effects of social and escape motives the same?
10.1016/j.abrep.2025.100625 · 2025 · External reference
A vacation from your mind: Problematic online gaming is a stress response
10.1016/j.chb.2014.06.004 · 2014 · External reference
The moderating role of well-being in the relationship between gaming motivation and problematic gaming
10.4018/ijgcms.320516 · 2023 · External reference
The relationship between online gaming motivation, self-concept clarity and tendency toward problematic gaming
10.5817/cp2018-1-4 · 2018 · External reference
Are there two types of escapism? Exploring a dualistic model of escapism in digital gaming and online streaming
10.1037/ppm0000339 · 2021 · External reference
Activity engagement as escape from self: The role of self-suppression and self-expansion
10.1080/01490400.2012.633849 · 2012 · External reference
Running to get “lost”? Two types of escapism in recreational running and their relations to exercise dependence and subjective well-being
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1035196 · 2023 · External reference
When the going gets tough, does gaming make it tougher? A shortitudinal study of escapism motivations and subjective well-being among adult gamers
10.1016/j.chbr.2026.101119 · 2026 · External reference
Gaming disorder and compensation-based gaming motivations: A longitudinal study of emerging adults
10.1556/2006.2025.00397 · 2026 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2025 · External reference
Escapism from the self, not from the world: A crucial but overlooked distinction in gaming disorder research
10.1016/j.chbr.2026.101064 · 2026 · External reference
The ties that (healthily) bind: Playing in groups increases game loyalty but decrease addiction
10.1016/j.chb.2026.109074 · 2026 · External reference
Attachment, emotion dysregulation, and video game play: Testing the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in gaming disorder
10.1007/s11469-022-00913-y · 2022 · External reference
The interplay of gaming disorder, gaming motivations, and the dark triad
10.1556/2006.2020.00013 · 2020 · External reference
Need frustration, gaming motives, and internet gaming disorder in Mobile Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games: Through the lens of self-determination theory
10.1007/s11469-022-00825-x · 2022 · External reference
The motivation scale for sport consumption: Assessment of the scale's psychometric properties
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10.1002/jrsm.11 · 2010 · External reference
Exploring the effects of psychological ownership, gaming motivations, and primary/secondary control on online game addiction
10.1016/j.dss.2021.113512 · 2021 · External reference
The influence of player motivation on problematic online gaming of youth in China: A mediation effect of age
10.1155/hbe2/9159986 · 2025 · External reference
The associations between gaming motivation and internet gaming disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis
10.2196/23700 · 2022 · External reference
Differences between recreational gamers and internet gaming disorder candidates in a sample of animal crossing: New Horizons players
10.1038/s41598-023-32113-6 · 2023 · External reference
Unresolved reference
2019 · External reference
Motives for online gaming questionnaire: Its psychometric properties and correlation with internet gaming disorder symptoms among Chinese people
10.1556/2006.6.2017.007 · 2017 · External reference
Online game addiction among adolescents: Motivation and prevention factors
10.1057/ejis.2011.56 · 2012 · External reference
Who will spend money uncontrollably in video games? The association between video game playing motivations and compulsive gaming buying among players of different genders
10.1037/ppm0000654 · 2026 · External reference
The impact of pandemic-related life stress on internet gaming: Social cynicism and gaming motivation as serial mediators
10.3390/ijerph19148332 · 2022 · External reference
Motives matter: Motives for playing Pokémon Go and implications for well-being
10.1089/cyber.2016.0562 · 2017 · External reference
Motivations of play in MMORPGs
2005 · External reference
Motivations for play in online games
10.1089/cpb.2006.9.772 · 2006 · External reference
Gaming motivations, avatar-self identification and symptoms of online game addiction
10.1080/01292986.2012.748814 · 2013 · External reference