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References from Galectin-9 promotes immune persistence of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-tolerant cells in oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
2024 · External reference
Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000-14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37 513 025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries
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New promises and challenges in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01029-8 · 2024 · External reference
Biologics for novel driver altered non-small cell lung cancer: potential and pitfalls
10.1016/j.critrevonc.2025.104748 · 2025 · External reference
Mechanism of Drug Tolerant Persister Cancer Cells: The Landscape and Clinical Implication for Therapy
10.1016/j.jtho.2021.07.017 · 2021 · External reference
Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
10.1101/cshperspect.a037895 · 2022 · External reference
Pembrolizumab Plus Pemetrexed and Platinum in Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: 5-Year Outcomes From the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-189 Study
10.1200/jco.22.01989 · 2023 · External reference
Long-term overall survival with dual CTLA-4 and PD-L1 or PD-1 blockade and biomarker-based subgroup analyses in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and reconstructed individual patient data meta-analysis
10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00429-2 · 2025 · External reference
A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab in EGFR-Mutant, PD-L1+, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Naive Patients With Advanced NSCLC
10.1016/j.jtho.2018.03.035 · 2018 · External reference
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with advanced lung cancer and oncogenic driver alterations: results from the IMMUNOTARGET registry
10.1093/annonc/mdz167 · 2019 · External reference
Antigen presentation in cancer - mechanisms and clinical implications for immunotherapy
10.1038/s41571-023-00789-4 · 2023 · External reference
Tumor mutational load predicts survival after immunotherapy across multiple cancer types
10.1038/s41588-018-0312-8 · 2019 · External reference
Association of High Tumor Mutation Burden in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers With Increased Immune Infiltration and Improved Clinical Outcomes of PD-L1 Blockade Across PD-L1 Expression Levels
10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.1981 · 2022 · External reference
Oncogene-specific differences in tumor mutational burden, PD-L1 expression, and outcomes from immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
10.1136/jitc-2021-002891 · 2021 · External reference
Mutational activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor down-regulates major histocompatibility complex class I expression via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase in non-small cell lung cancer
10.1111/cas.13860 · 2019 · External reference
Downregulation of PD-L1 and HLA-I in non-small cell lung cancer with ALK fusion
10.1111/1759-7714.14372 · 2022 · External reference
The cancer-immunity cycle: Indication, genotype, and immunotype
10.1016/j.immuni.2023.09.011 · 2023 · External reference
A chromatin-mediated reversible drug-tolerant state in cancer cell subpopulations
10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.027 · 2010 · External reference
The landscape of therapeutic vulnerabilities in EGFR inhibitor osimertinib drug tolerant persister cells
10.1038/s41698-022-00337-w · 2022 · External reference
The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy
10.1038/nrc3239 · 2012 · External reference
Blockade of novel immune checkpoints and new therapeutic combinations to boost antitumor immunity
10.1186/s13046-022-02264-x · 2022 · External reference
Targeting natural killer cells: from basic biology to clinical application in hematologic malignancies
10.1186/s40164-024-00481-y · 2024 · External reference
Transcriptome-level discovery of survival-associated biomarkers and therapy targets in non-small-cell lung cancer
10.1111/bph.16257 · 2024 · External reference
Lung cancer in never-smokers
10.1183/09031936.00046915 · 2015 · External reference
Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies IRF1 and TFAP4 as transcriptional regulators of Galectin-9 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
10.1126/sciadv.ads8351 · 2025 · External reference
Galectin-9-CD44 interaction enhances stability and function of adaptive regulatory T cells
10.1016/j.immuni.2014.06.011 · 2014 · External reference
Anti-apoptotic effect by the suppression of IRF1 as a downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells
10.1038/s41388-019-0856-9 · 2019 · External reference
Discovery of toxoflavin, a potent IRE1alpha inhibitor acting through structure-dependent oxidative inhibition
10.1038/s41401-022-00949-9 · 2023 · External reference
Emerging roles for the ER stress sensor IRE1alpha in metabolic regulation and disease
10.1074/jbc.rev119.007036 · 2019 · External reference
RSV replication modifies the XBP1s binding complex on the IRF1 upstream enhancer to potentiate the mucosal anti-viral response
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197356 · 2023 · External reference
ER Stress Signaling Promotes the Survival of Cancer "Persister Cells" Tolerant to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1904 · 2018 · External reference
Galectin-9 in cancer therapy: from immune checkpoint ligand to promising therapeutic target
10.3389/fcell.2023.1332205 · 2023 · External reference
T lymphocytes induce human cancer cells derived from solid malignant tumors to secrete galectin-9 which facilitates immunosuppression in cooperation with other immune checkpoint proteins
10.1136/jitc-2022-005714 · 2023 · External reference
Structural analysis of the human galectin-9 N-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain reveals unexpected properties that differ from the mouse orthologue
10.1016/j.jmb.2007.09.060 · 2008 · External reference
The Whole Picture of First-Line Osimertinib for EGFR Mutation-Positive Advanced NSCLC: Real-World Efficacy, Safety, Progression Pattern, and Posttreatment Therapy (Reiwa Study)
2024 · External reference
Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer Patients With Oncogenic Driver Molecular Alterations
10.1200/jco.21.01626 · 2022 · External reference
Amivantamab plus chemotherapy with and without lazertinib in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC after disease progression on osimertinib: primary results from the phase III MARIPOSA-2 study
10.1016/j.annonc.2023.10.117 · 2024 · External reference
Lorlatinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: results from a global phase 2 study
10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30649-1 · 2018 · External reference
Immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer harbouring driver mutations
10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.102179 · 2021 · External reference
The Activity of EGFR CAR NK and CAR T Cells against EGFR Inhibitor-Resistant NSCLC and Drug-Tolerant Persister Cells
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-25-1693 · 2025 · External reference
Natural killer cells infiltrating human nonsmall-cell lung cancer are enriched in CD56 bright CD16(-) cells and display an impaired capability to kill tumor cells
10.1002/cncr.23239 · 2008 · External reference
Profound coordinated alterations of intratumoral NK cell phenotype and function in lung carcinoma
10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-4179 · 2011 · External reference
Galectin-9-An Emerging Glyco-Immune Checkpoint Target for Cancer Therapy
10.3390/ijms26167998 · 2025 · External reference
Tim-3 is an inducible human natural killer cell receptor that enhances interferon gamma production in response to galectin-9
10.1182/blood-2011-06-360321 · 2012 · External reference
Differential impact of TIM-3 ligands on NK cell function
2025 · External reference
The TIM3/Gal9 signaling pathway: An emerging target for cancer immunotherapy
10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.011 · 2021 · External reference
Survival of Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients Predicted from Expression of PD-L1, Galectin-9, and XAGE1 (GAGED2a) on Tumor Cells and Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells
10.1158/2326-6066.cir-15-0266 · 2016 · External reference
Secretion of Galectin-9 as a DAMP during Dengue Virus Infection in THP-1 Cells
10.3390/ijms18081644 · 2017 · External reference
Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents and the EGFR-TKI osimertinib induce calreticulin exposure in non-small cell lung cancer
10.1016/j.lungcan.2021.03.018 · 2021 · External reference
Increased plasma levels of damage-associated molecular patterns during systemic anticancer therapy in patients with advanced lung cancer
10.21037/tlcr-21-92 · 2021 · External reference
The Dual Role of the NFATc2/galectin-9 Axis in Modulating Tumor-Initiating Cell Phenotypes and Immune Suppression in Lung Adenocarcinoma
10.1002/advs.202306059 · 2024 · External reference
Opposing tumor-cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic roles of the IRF1 transcription factor in antitumor immunity
10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114289 · 2024 · External reference
Expression Analysis and Significance of PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Spatially Resolved and Multiparametric Single-Cell Analysis
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4142 · 2019 · External reference
Increased Tim-3 expression in peripheral NK cells predicts a poorer prognosis and Tim-3 blockade improves NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in human lung adenocarcinoma
10.1016/j.intimp.2015.09.017 · 2015 · External reference
LAG-3, TIM-3, and TIGIT: Distinct functions in immune regulation
10.1016/j.immuni.2024.01.010 · 2024 · External reference
Combined Targeting of PD-1 and TIM-3 in Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: AMBER Part 2B
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-25-0806 · 2025 · External reference
NK Cell Exhaustion
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00760 · 2017 · External reference
Non-small cell lung cancer cells expressing CD44 are enriched for stem cell-like properties
10.1371/journal.pone.0014062 · 2010 · External reference
A phase I dose escalation and expansion trial of lyt-200 (a First-In-Class Anti-Galectin-9 Antibody) alone and in combination with venetoclax/HMA in Relapsed/Refractory AML/MDS
10.1182/blood-2025-1648 · 2025 · External reference
Interrogating glioma-M2 macrophage interactions identifies Gal-9/Tim-3 as a viable target against PTEN-null glioblastoma
10.1126/sciadv.abl5165 · 2022 · External reference
Priming of Human Resting NK Cells by Autologous M1 Macrophages via the Engagement of IL-1beta, IFN-beta, and IL-15 Pathways
10.4049/jimmunol.1500325 · 2015 · External reference
Anti-galectin-9 therapy synergizes with EGFR inhibition to reprogram the tumor microenvironment and overcome immune evasion
10.1136/jitc-2024-010926 · 2025 · External reference
Characterization of a cell line, NKL, derived from an aggressive human natural killer cell leukemia
1996 · External reference
Systematic Functional Annotation of Somatic Mutations in Cancer
10.1016/j.ccell.2018.01.021 · 2018 · External reference