Research graph
References from Proenkephalin/penKid in renal dysfunction: An integrative review of laboratory and clinical evidence. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Acute kidney injury
10.1038/s41572-021-00284-z · 2021 · External reference
KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury
2012 · External reference
New biomarkers in acute kidney injury
10.1080/10408363.2023.2242481 · 2024 · External reference
Assessing GFR with proenkephalin
10.1016/j.ekir.2023.08.006 · 2023 · External reference
Analytical performance of an immunoassay to measure proenkephalin
10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.05.010 · 2018 · External reference
Recommendations on acute kidney injury biomarkers from the acute disease quality initiative consensus conference: A consensus statement
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19209 · 2020 · External reference
The integrative review: Updated methodology
10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x · 2005 · External reference
Proenkephalin compared to conventional methods to assess kidney function in critically Ill sepsis patients
10.1097/shk.0000000000001510 · 2020 · External reference
Proenkephalin as a biomarker correlates with acute kidney injury: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
10.1186/s13054-023-04747-5 · 2023 · External reference
Role of proenkephalin in the diagnosis of severe and subclinical acute kidney injury during the perioperative period of liver transplantation
10.1016/j.plabm.2022.e00278 · 2022 · External reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: An explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
10.1186/s13741-025-00553-5 · 2025 · External reference
Back-to-back comparison of penKID with NephroCheck® to predict acute kidney injury at admission in intensive care unit: A brief report
10.1186/s13054-018-1945-9 · 2018 · External reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 in kidney transplantation: A novel biomarker for superior tracking of graft function trajectories
10.3389/ti.2025.14366 · 2025 · External reference
Clinical utility of proenkephalin a 119-159 for prediction of worsening renal function and prognosis in patients with sepsis-results of a patient-level meta-analysis
10.1186/s13054-026-05947-5 · 2026 · External reference
Proenkephalin improves cardio-renal risk prediction in acute coronary syndromes: The KID-ACS score
10.1093/eurheartj/ehae602 · 2025 · External reference
Implementation and one-year evaluation of proenkephalin A in critical care
10.3390/ijms26062602 · 2025 · External reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 predicts early and successful liberation from renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: A post hoc analysis of the ELAIN trial
10.1186/s13054-022-04217-4 · 2022 · External reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid) and mortality in stable patients at high cardiovascular risk
10.1093/ckj/sfae246 · 2024 · External reference
Proenkephalin predicts kidney function and major adverse kidney events in CKD
10.1093/ndt/gfaf214 · 2026 · External reference
Proenkephalin a 119-159 for evaluating glomerular filtration rate and hemodialysis adequacy in patients with end-stage kidney disease: A prospective cohort study
10.3389/fmed.2026.1762412 · 2026 · External reference
Proenkephalin levels and its determinants in patients with end-stage kidney disease treated with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
10.3390/ijms241915015 · 2023 · External reference
Point-of-care serum proenkephalin as an early predictor of mortality in patients presenting to the emergency department with septic shock
10.3390/biomedicines12051004 · 2024 · External reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid)-a novel biomarker and its quantification on the Nexus IB10 POC system for assessing kidney function
10.1515/cclm-2022-1187 · 2023 · External reference
The biological variation of plasma proenkephalin: Data from a stable heart failure cohort
10.1515/cclm-2018-0876 · 2019 · External reference
Comparative accuracy of biomarkers for the prediction of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s13054-022-04223-6 · 2022 · External reference
Plasma proenkephalin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predict mortality in ICU patients with acute kidney injury
10.1186/s12882-024-03611-0 · 2024 · External reference
NephroPOC-Risk assessment and prediction of acute kidney injury in emergency patients with suspected organ dysfunction: Secondary analysis from the prospective observational LifePOC study
10.1371/journal.pone.0339763 · 2026 · External reference
Serum Proenkephalin a as a marker of renal dysfunction and glycemic status in diabetic nephropathy
10.1177/15578518261444701 · 2026 · External reference
Serum proenkephalin-A as a potential biomarker for assessing renal impairment severity in diabetic kidney disease
10.1007/s11845-026-04397-w · 2026 · External reference
A study on the prognosis of patients with sepsis or septic shock based on plasma proenkephalin levels: A meta-analysis
10.1080/1354750x.2026.2697747 · 2026 · External reference
Dynamics in kidney function markers as predictors of post-ICU survival: An innovative approach to enhance marker accuracy
10.3389/fmed.2026.1765919 · 2026 · External reference
Recommendations on acute kidney injury biomarkers from the acute disease quality initiative consensus conference: A consensus statement
10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19209 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Serum proenkephalin-A as a potential biomarker for assessing renal impairment severity in diabetic kidney disease
10.1007/s11845-026-04397-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Analytical performance of an immunoassay to measure proenkephalin
10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.05.010 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Assessing GFR with proenkephalin
10.1016/j.ekir.2023.08.006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Role of proenkephalin in the diagnosis of severe and subclinical acute kidney injury during the perioperative period of liver transplantation
10.1016/j.plabm.2022.e00278 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Acute kidney injury
10.1038/s41572-021-00284-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
New biomarkers in acute kidney injury
10.1080/10408363.2023.2242481 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A study on the prognosis of patients with sepsis or septic shock based on plasma proenkephalin levels: A meta-analysis
10.1080/1354750x.2026.2697747 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid) and mortality in stable patients at high cardiovascular risk
10.1093/ckj/sfae246 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin improves cardio-renal risk prediction in acute coronary syndromes: The KID-ACS score
10.1093/eurheartj/ehae602 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin predicts kidney function and major adverse kidney events in CKD
10.1093/ndt/gfaf214 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin compared to conventional methods to assess kidney function in critically Ill sepsis patients
10.1097/shk.0000000000001510 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The integrative review: Updated methodology
10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Serum Proenkephalin a as a marker of renal dysfunction and glycemic status in diabetic nephropathy
10.1177/15578518261444701 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Plasma proenkephalin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin predict mortality in ICU patients with acute kidney injury
10.1186/s12882-024-03611-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Back-to-back comparison of penKID with NephroCheck® to predict acute kidney injury at admission in intensive care unit: A brief report
10.1186/s13054-018-1945-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 predicts early and successful liberation from renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: A post hoc analysis of the ELAIN trial
10.1186/s13054-022-04217-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Comparative accuracy of biomarkers for the prediction of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1186/s13054-022-04223-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin as a biomarker correlates with acute kidney injury: A systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
10.1186/s13054-023-04747-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Clinical utility of proenkephalin a 119-159 for prediction of worsening renal function and prognosis in patients with sepsis-results of a patient-level meta-analysis
10.1186/s13054-026-05947-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: An explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
10.1186/s13741-025-00553-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
NephroPOC-Risk assessment and prediction of acute kidney injury in emergency patients with suspected organ dysfunction: Secondary analysis from the prospective observational LifePOC study
10.1371/journal.pone.0339763 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The biological variation of plasma proenkephalin: Data from a stable heart failure cohort
10.1515/cclm-2018-0876 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid)-a novel biomarker and its quantification on the Nexus IB10 POC system for assessing kidney function
10.1515/cclm-2022-1187 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin a 119-159 for evaluating glomerular filtration rate and hemodialysis adequacy in patients with end-stage kidney disease: A prospective cohort study
10.3389/fmed.2026.1762412 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Dynamics in kidney function markers as predictors of post-ICU survival: An innovative approach to enhance marker accuracy
10.3389/fmed.2026.1765919 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin A 119-159 in kidney transplantation: A novel biomarker for superior tracking of graft function trajectories
10.3389/ti.2025.14366 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Point-of-care serum proenkephalin as an early predictor of mortality in patients presenting to the emergency department with septic shock
10.3390/biomedicines12051004 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Proenkephalin levels and its determinants in patients with end-stage kidney disease treated with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
10.3390/ijms241915015 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Implementation and one-year evaluation of proenkephalin A in critical care
10.3390/ijms26062602 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
