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References from Spatial niches of the colorectal cancer microbiome: differences, interrelationships, and clinical implications of fecal, mucosal, and intratumoral microbiota. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
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Fecal microbiota transplant promotes response in immunotherapy-refractory melanoma patients
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Microbiota-based model improves the sensitivity of fecal immunochemical test for detecting colonic lesions
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The tumor microbiome reacts to hypoxia and can influence response to radiation treatment in colorectal cancer
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Using fecal immmunochemical cartridges for gut microbiome analysis within a colorectal cancer screening program
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Metatranscriptomic analysis of the microbiota of tumor tissue in colon cancer
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Analysis of Fusobacterium persistence and antibiotic response in colorectal cancer
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Fecal bacterial biomarkers and blood biochemical indicators as potential key factors in the development of colorectal cancer
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Microbial-driven immunological memory and its potential role in microbiome editing for the prevention of colorectal cancer
10.3389/fcimb.2021.752304 · 2021 · External reference
Fusobacterium nucleatum infection is prevalent in human colorectal carcinoma
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Multidimensional characteristics of the tumor microenviron-ment and advances in targeted delivery strategies
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Spatial microbiome-metabolic crosstalk drives CD8(+) T-cell exhaustion through the butyrate-HDAC axis in colorectal cancer
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Integrated analysis of intestinal microbiota and host gene expression in colorectal cancer patients
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SpaLinker identifies phenotype-associated spatial tumor microenvironment features by integrating bulk and spatial sequencing data
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Bacteroides fragilis toxin coordinates a pro-carcinogenic inflammatory cascade via targeting of colonic epithelial cells
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Altered gut metabolites and microbiota interactions are implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis and can be non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers
10.1186/s40168-021-01208-5 · 2022 · External reference
The tissue-associated microbiota in colorectal cancer: A systematic review
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Intratumoral microbiota-derived S1P sensitizes the combination therapy of capecitabine and PD-1 inhibitors
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Fecal microbiota transplant overcomes resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients
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Microbiome distinctions between the CRC carcinogenic pathways
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Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis harbor colonic biofilms containing tumorigenic bacteria
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Microbiota organization is a distinct feature of proximal colorectal cancers
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The cancer microbiome atlas: A pan-cancer comparative analysis to distinguish tissue-resident microbiota from contaminants
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Gut biogeography of the bacterial microbiota
10.1038/nrmicro3552 · 2016 · External reference
Alterations of the gut microbiome and fecal metabolome in colorectal cancer: Implication of intestinal metabolism for tumorigenesis
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Spatial analysis of gut microbiome reveals a distinct ecological niche associated with the mucus layer
10.1080/19490976.2021.1874815 · 2021 · External reference
Fecal microbiota transplantation plus immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma: The phase 2 FMT-LUMINate trial
10.1038/s41591-025-04186-5 · 2026 · External reference
Intratumoral microbiome: A crucial regulating factor in development and progression of colorectal cancer
10.1186/s43556-025-00376-2 · 2025 · External reference
Fecal microbial biomarkers combined with multi-target stool DNA test improve diagnostic accuracy for colorectal cancer
10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1424 · 2023 · External reference
Gut microbiome development along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence
10.1038/ncomms7528 · 2015 · External reference
Tumour-associated and non-tumour-associated microbiota in colorectal cancer
10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309595 · 2017 · External reference
Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer: From pathogenesis to clinic
10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101941 · 2024 · External reference
Tumor-infiltrating bacteria disrupt cancer epithelial cell interactions and induce cell-cycle arrest
10.1016/j.ccell.2025.09.010 · 2026 · External reference
Effect of the intratumoral microbiota on spatial and cellular heterogeneity in cancer
10.1038/s41586-022-05435-0 · 2022 · External reference
Spatial multi-omics reveals the potential involvement of SPP1(+) fibroblasts in determining metabolic heterogeneity and promoting metastatic growth of colorectal cancer liver metastasis
10.1016/j.ymthe.2025.05.004 · 2025 · External reference
Potential role of intratumor bacteria in mediating tumor resistance to the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine
10.1126/science.aah5043 · 2017 · External reference
The role of gut barrier dysfunction and microbiome dysbiosis in colorectal cancer development
10.3389/fonc.2021.626349 · 2021 · External reference
Adenoma-linked barrier defects and microbial products drive IL-23/IL-17-mediated tumour growth
10.1038/nature11465 · 2012 · External reference
Binding of the Fap2 protein of Fusobacterium nucleatum to human inhibitory receptor TIGIT protects tumors from immune cell attack
10.1016/j.immuni.2015.01.010 · 2015 · External reference
Gut microbiome in colorectal cancer: Recent advances and clinical implications
10.3393/ac.2026.00010.0001 · 2026 · External reference
Microorganism delivery of cancer vaccines
10.1016/j.jconrel.2025.114288 · 2025 · External reference
Intratumoral microbiome is driven by metastatic site and associated with immune histopathological parameters: An ancillary study of the SHIVA clinical trial
10.1016/j.ejca.2023.01.024 · 2023 · External reference
Intratumoral microbiota remodeling of the tumor microenvironment impact solid tumor immunotherapy
10.1038/s41419-025-08211-w · 2025 · External reference
The two mucus layers of colon are organized by the MUC2 mucin, whereas the outer layer is a legislator of host-microbial interactions
10.1073/pnas.1006451107 · 2011 · External reference
The inner of the two Muc2 mucin-dependent mucus layers in colon is devoid of bacteria
10.1073/pnas.0803124105 · 2008 · External reference
Metabolism links bacterial biofilms and colon carcinogenesis
10.1016/j.cmet.2015.04.011 · 2015 · External reference
Microbiome profiling from fecal immunochemical test reveals microbial signatures with potential for colorectal cancer screening
10.3390/cancers15010120 · 2022 · External reference
Comparative microbiome analysis of paired mucosal and fecal samples in Korean colorectal cancer patients
10.3389/fonc.2025.1578861 · 2025 · External reference
Fecal metabolomic signatures in colorectal adenoma patients are associated with gut microbiota and early events of colorectal cancer pathogenesis
10.1128/mbio.03186-19 · 2020 · External reference
Patients with colorectal cancer have identical strains of Fusobacterium nucleatum in their colorectal cancer and oral cavity
10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316661 · 2019 · External reference
Genomic analysis identifies association of Fusobacterium with colorectal carcinoma
10.1101/gr.126573.111 · 2012 · External reference
Using fecal immunochemical tubes for the analysis of the gut microbiome has the potential to improve colorectal cancer screening
10.1038/s41598-021-99046-w · 2021 · External reference
Biofilms and core pathogens shape the tumor microenvironment and immune phenotype in colorectal cancer
10.1080/19490976.2024.2350156 · 2024 · External reference
The gut microbiome in early-onset colorectal cancer: Distinct signatures, targeted prevention and therapeutic strategies
10.3390/jpm15110552 · 2025 · External reference
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota during fecal stream diversion in patients with colorectal cancer
10.1186/s13099-023-00566-9 · 2023 · External reference
Metabolite quantification of faecal extracts from colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls
10.18632/oncotarget.26022 · 2018 · External reference
Gut microbiota signatures in tumor, para-cancerous, normal mucosa, and feces in colorectal cancer patients
10.3389/fcell.2022.916961 · 2022 · External reference
STdGCN: spatial transcriptomic cell-type deconvolution using graph convolutional networks
10.1186/s13059-024-03353-0 · 2024 · External reference
The intratumoral microbiome in colorectal cancer: Origins, microenvironmental interactions, and new horizons in precision medicine
10.3389/fimmu.2026.1795736 · 2026 · External reference
The role of intratumoral microbiome in the occurrence, proliferation, metastasis of colorectal cancer and its underlying therapeutic strategies
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10.1016/j.ccell.2025.12.009 · 2026 · External reference
The characteristics of tissue microbiota in different anatomical locations and different tissue types of the colorectum in patients with colorectal cancer
10.1128/msystems.00198-25 · 2025 · External reference
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius mediates anti-PD1 therapy resistance and exacerbates colorectal cancer via myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice
10.1038/s41564-024-01695-w · 2024 · External reference
Bacterial community structure alterations within the colorectal cancer gut microbiome
10.1186/s12866-021-02153-x · 2021 · External reference
Intratumoral microbiota in colorectal cancer: Focus on specific distribution and potential mechanisms
10.1186/s12964-024-01831-3 · 2024 · External reference
Mucosal adherent bacterial dysbiosis in patients with colorectal adenomas
10.1038/srep26337 · 2016 · External reference
The gut microbiota and its biogeography
10.1038/s41579-023-00969-0 · 2024 · External reference
Emerging importance of stool preservation methods in OMICS studies with special focus on cancer biology
10.1002/cbf.4063 · 2024 · External reference
Bacteria break barrier to promote metastasis
10.1016/j.ccell.2021.03.009 · 2021 · External reference
Virulence factor discovery identifies associations between the Fic gene family and Fap2(+) fusobacteria in colorectal cancer microbiomes
10.1128/mbio.03732-24 · 2025 · External reference
Gut mucosal microbiome across stages of colorectal carcinogenesis
10.1038/ncomms9727 · 2015 · External reference
16S rRNA of mucosal colon microbiome and CCL2 circulating levels are potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer
10.3390/ijms221910747 · 2021 · External reference
Smart capsule for targeted proximal colon microbiome sampling
10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.050 · 2022 · External reference
The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type-specific intracellular bacteria
10.1126/science.aay9189 · 2020 · External reference
Oral microbiota and carcinogenesis: Exploring the systemic impact of oral pathogens
10.3390/pathogens14121233 · 2025 · External reference
Targeting the tumor microbiota in cancer therapy basing on nanomaterials
10.1002/exp.20210185 · 2025 · External reference
Escherichia coli induces DNA double-strand breaks in eukaryotic cells
10.1126/science.1127059 · 2006 · External reference
Network analysis of gut microbiota including Fusobacterium and oral origin bacteria and their distribution on tumor surface, normal mucosa, and in feces in patients with colorectal cancer
10.1159/000527170 · 2022 · External reference
Fusobacterium nucleatum is enriched in invasive biofilms in colorectal cancer
10.1038/s41522-025-00717-7 · 2025 · External reference
An integrated tumor, immune and microbiome atlas of colon cancer
10.1038/s41591-023-02324-5 · 2023 · External reference
Secretory IgA is concentrated in the outer layer of colonic mucus along with gut bacteria
10.3390/pathogens3020390 · 2014 · External reference
Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by modulating E-cadherin/β-catenin signaling via its FadA adhesin
10.1016/j.chom.2013.07.012 · 2013 · External reference
From adenoma to CRC stages: The oral-gut microbiome axis as a source of potential microbial and metabolic biomarkers of Malignancy
10.1016/j.neo.2023.100901 · 2023 · External reference
Crypt- and mucosa-associated core microbiotas in humans and their alteration in colon cancer patients
10.1128/mbio.01315-19 · 2019 · External reference
Microbial systems enhancing CAR-based therapies: A synthetic biology paradigm for next-generation cancer immunotherapy
10.1007/s00284-025-04679-z · 2025 · External reference
The microbiome and human cancer
10.1126/science.abc4552 · 2021 · External reference
Gut mucosal microbiome signatures of colorectal cancer differ according to BMI status
10.3389/fmed.2021.800566 · 2021 · External reference
Tissue-resident microbiota impacts colorectal cancer progression and prognosis
10.1038/s41467-025-67047-2 · 2025 · External reference
Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics integration: New frontiers in tumor microenvironment and cellular communication
10.3389/fimmu.2025.1649468 · 2025 · External reference
Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence in young adults
10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319511 · 2019 · External reference
Increasing incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer
10.1056/nejmra2200869 · 2022 · External reference
Intratumoral microbiota and host genotype cooperatively shape neutrophil cytotoxic functions in colorectal cancer
10.1016/j.chom.2026.02.006 · 2026 · External reference
Differential analysis of microbiomes in mucus and tissues obtained from colorectal cancer patients
10.1038/s41598-022-21928-4 · 2022 · External reference
Spatial heterogeneity of intratumoral microbiota: A new frontier in cancer immunotherapy resistance
10.3390/biomedicines13051261 · 2025 · External reference
Microbiome confounders and quantitative profiling challenge predicted microbial targets in colorectal cancer development
10.1038/s41591-024-02963-2 · 2024 · External reference
Human colon mucosal biofilms from healthy or colon cancer hosts are carcinogenic
10.1172/jci124196 · 2019 · External reference
A possible role of Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin in the aetiology of colorectal cancer
10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01494.x · 2006 · External reference
The gut microbiome: Connecting spatial organization to function
10.1016/j.chom.2017.03.010 · 2017 · External reference
The antibacterial lectin RegIIIgamma promotes the spatial segregation of microbiota and host in the intestine
10.1126/science.1209791 · 2011 · External reference
Colorectal adenoma presence is associated with decreased menaquinone pathway functions in the gut microbiome of patients undergoing routine colonoscopy
10.1371/journal.pone.0344050 · 2026 · External reference
Whole-tumor clearing and imaging of intratumor microbiota in three dimensions with miCDaL strategy
10.1002/advs.202400694 · 2024 · External reference
Decoding the tumor-associated microbiota: From origins to nanomedicine applications in cancer therapy
10.3390/biology14030243 · 2025 · External reference
Targeting the gut-liver axis in cholangiocarcinoma: mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and future directions
10.3389/fonc.2025.1646897 · 2025 · External reference
Crosstalk between microbial biofilms in the gastrointestinal tract and chronic mucosa diseases
10.3389/fmicb.2023.1151552 · 2023 · External reference
The gut-tumor connection: The role of microbiota in cancer progression and treatment strategies
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The microbial landscape of colorectal cancer
10.1038/s41579-023-00973-4 · 2024 · External reference
Meta-analysis of fecal metagenomes reveals global microbial signatures that are specific for colorectal cancer
10.1038/s41591-019-0406-6 · 2019 · External reference
Microbiome analysis from paired mucosal and fecal samples of a colorectal cancer biobank
10.3390/cancers12123702 · 2020 · External reference
Gut microbiota in colorectal cancer development and therapy
10.1038/s41571-023-00766-x · 2023 · External reference
A human colonic commensal promotes colon tumorigenesis via activation of T helper type 17 T cell responses
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The landscape of tissue-resident microbiota across normal, polyp, and colorectal cancer tissues
10.1038/s41467-026-69705-5 · 2026 · External reference
Intratumoral microbiota: Implications for cancer progression and treatment
10.3389/fmicb.2025.1551515 · 2025 · External reference
Intratumor microbiome-derived butyrate promotes chemo-resistance in colorectal cancer
10.3389/fphar.2024.1510851 · 2024 · External reference
Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal distinct stage-specific phenotypes of the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer
10.1038/s41591-019-0458-7 · 2019 · External reference
Fusobacterium nucleatum increases proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and tumor development in mice by activating Toll-Like Receptor 4 signaling to nuclear factor-κB, and up-regulating expression of microRNA-21
10.1053/j.gastro.2016.11.018 · 2017 · External reference
Spatial mapping of human colonic niches reveals rapid, mucus-specific microbiota disruption after bowel cleansing
10.1080/19490976.2026.2635866 · 2026 · External reference
The microbiome compositional and functional differences between rectal mucosa and feces
10.1128/spectrum.03549-23 · 2024 · External reference
Microbiome analysis of more than 2,000 NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme samples shows the potential to improve screening accuracy
10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-3807 · 2021 · External reference
Enrichment of oral-derived bacteria in inflamed colorectal tumors and distinct associations of Fusobacterium in the mesenchymal subtype
10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100920 · 2023 · External reference
Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes chemoresistance to colorectal cancer by modulating autophagy
10.1016/j.cell.2017.07.008 · 2017 · External reference
An interplay between human genetics and intratumoral microbiota in the progression of colorectal cancer
10.1016/j.chom.2025.04.003 · 2025 · External reference
Potential of fecal microbiota for early-stage detection of colorectal cancer
10.15252/msb.20145645 · 2014 · External reference
A distinct Fusobacterium nucleatum clade dominates the colorectal cancer niche
10.1038/s41586-024-07182-w · 2024 · External reference
Spatially-resolved characterization of the metabolic and N-glycan alterations in colorectal cancer using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging
10.1039/d4ra08100e · 2025 · External reference
Combined non-invasive prediction and new biomarkers of oral and fecal microbiota in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer
10.3389/fcimb.2022.830684 · 2022 · External reference
Differential mucosal microbiome profiles across stages of human colorectal cancer
10.3390/life11080831 · 2021 · External reference
Unveiling intratumoral microbiota: An emerging force for colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapy
10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107185 · 2024 · External reference
SDC2 and TFPI2 methylation in stool samples as an integrated biomarker for early detection of colorectal cancer
10.2147/cmar.s300861 · 2021 · External reference
Characterization of the consensus mucosal microbiome of colorectal cancer
10.1093/narcan/zcab049 · 2021 · External reference
Aberrant DNA methylation of SEPT9 and SDC2 in stool specimens as an integrated biomarker for colorectal cancer early detection
10.3389/fgene.2020.00643 · 2020 · External reference
Fusobacterium nucleatum extracellular vesicles are enriched in colorectal cancer and facilitate bacterial adhesion
10.1126/sciadv.ado0016 · 2024 · External reference
Gut microbiome: New biomarkers in early screening of colorectal cancer
10.1002/jcla.24359 · 2022 · External reference
Intratumor microbiota and colorectal cancer: Comprehensive and lucid review
10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2024.06.07 · 2024 · External reference
Comparison of fecal sample collection methods for microbial analysis embedded within colorectal cancer screening programs
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0188 · 2022 · External reference
A systematic review of microbiome-derived biomarkers for early colorectal cancer detection
10.1016/j.neo.2022.100868 · 2023 · External reference
Colorectal tumour mucosa microbiome is enriched in oral pathogens and defines three subtypes that correlate with markers of tumour progression
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