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References from Research progress on the pathophysiological mechanisms of pioglitazone-induced heart failure: a review. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
In praise of pioglitazone: a multifaceted insulin sensitiser
10.1111/dom.15222 · 2023 · External reference
Rethinking pioglitazone as a cardioprotective agent: a new perspective on an overlooked drug
10.1186/s12933-021-01294-7 · 2021 · External reference
Association of pioglitazone with major adverse cardiovascular events and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.7759/cureus.46911 · 2023 · External reference
Assessing the need for pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the context of cardiovascular outcome trials: a meta-analysis
10.1038/s41598-020-72967-8 · 2020 · External reference
Cytotoxicity and toxicoproteomics analysis of thiazolidinedione exposure in human-derived cardiomyocytes
10.1002/jat.4613 · 2024 · External reference
Toxicometabolomics-based cardiotoxicity evaluation of thiazolidinediones in human-derived cardiomyocytes
10.1007/s11306-024-02097-z · 2024 · External reference
Etiology of drug-induced edema: a comprehensive review
10.7759/cureus.53400 · 2024 · External reference
Association of glucose-lowering medications with cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review and evidence map
10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30422-x · 2020 · External reference
Effects of pioglitazone on cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1016/j.numecd.2021.12.006 · 2022 · External reference
The effects of antidiabetic agents on heart failure: a narrative review
10.1007/s12471-021-01579-2 · 2022 · External reference
Pioglitazone protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by blocking the NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway
10.1536/ihj.21-404 · 2022 · External reference
Post mortem evaluation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and PPARγ activation in a nonhuman primate model of cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration
10.1371/journal.pone.0226999 · 2020 · External reference
Effects of SGLT2 inhibitor ipragliflozin alone and combined with pioglitazone on fluid retention and cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetic mice with NASH
10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174076 · 2021 · External reference
Pioglitazone, SGLT2 inhibitors and their combination for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and heart failure in type 2 diabetes: a real-world cohort study
10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110685 · 2023 · External reference
Effect of combination pioglitazone with SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1111/dom.15576 · 2024 · External reference
PPARG agonist pioglitazone influences diurnal kidney medulla mRNA expression of core clock genes and ENaC subunits in mice
10.14814/phy2.15535 · 2022 · External reference
Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus with noninsulin pharmacotherapy
2024 · External reference
Oxidized alkyl phospholipids stimulate sodium transport in proximal tubules through a non-genomic PPARγ-dependent pathway
10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101681 · 2022 · External reference
Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on thiazolidinedione-induced changes in volume status in patients with type 2 diabetes
10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0485 · 2025 · External reference
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor ameliorates thiazolidinedione-induced fluid retention by protecting white adipose tissue vascular integrity
10.1111/dom.70356 · 2026 · External reference
Pioglitazone increases blood-brain barrier expression of fatty acid-binding protein 5 and plasma volume expansion markers
10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01131 · 2020 · External reference
Hyperglycemia aggravates blood-brain barrier disruption following diffuse axonal injury and increases vascular permeability
10.1007/s10753-022-01716-y · 2023 · External reference
Review of the case reports on metformin, sulfonylurea, and thiazolidinedione therapies: focus on adverse events
10.3390/medsci11030050 · 2023 · External reference
Modulation of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ influences cardiomyocyte growth and cardiac remodeling
10.1002/iub.70035 · 2025 · External reference
Efficacy of lower doses of pioglitazone after stroke: a post-hoc analysis of the IRIS trial
10.1111/dom.14687 · 2022 · External reference
Small molecule inhibitor of PPARγ acetylation promotes insulin sensitization and browning of white adipose tissue with improved safety
10.64898/2025.12.15.694265 · 2025 · External reference
Metallothionein alleviates glutathione depletion-induced oxidative cardiomyopathy and contractile dysfunction in mice
10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.009 · 2024 · External reference
Cardiovascular efficacy and safety of antidiabetic agents: a focus on heart failure
10.1111/dom.15251 · 2023 · External reference
Pathogenesis and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and its fibrosis: role of PPARγ agonists
10.3350/cmh.2022.0237 · 2023 · External reference
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease complicated by diabetes: pPARγ as a therapeutic target
10.7570/jomes25017 · 2025 · External reference
Pioglitazone alleviates β1-adrenergic receptor antibody-induced atrial fibrillation susceptibility by improving energy metabolism
10.2174/0109298673308673240527092317 · 2025 · External reference
Integrative analysis of toxicometabolomics and toxicoproteomics data reveals multi-level cardiotoxicity mechanisms of thiazolidinediones
10.1007/s11306-024-02201-3 · 2024 · External reference
Pioglitazone inhibits diabetes-induced atrial mitochondrial oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial dynamics
10.3389/fphar.2021.658362 · 2021 · External reference
Pioglitazone ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
10.1111/cpr.70109 · 2026 · External reference
Activation of PGC-1α and mitochondrial biogenesis by pioglitazone protects against prenatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.035 · 2020 · External reference
Pioglitazone corrects dysregulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation in insulin-resistant humans
10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154416 · 2021 · External reference
Pioglitazone-enhanced brown fat whitening contributes to weight gain and is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction
10.1055/a-2178-9113 · 2023 · External reference
PPARγ-independent side effects of thiazolidinediones on mitochondrial redox state in isolated rat hearts
10.3390/cells9010252 · 2020 · External reference
Pharmacologic and endotoxic reprogramming of renal vasodilatory signaling: role of PPARγ
10.1038/s41598-025-87586-4 · 2025 · External reference
Dysregulated ACE/ang II/Ang1–7 signaling provokes cardiovascular and inflammatory sequelae in septic offspring
10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175344 · 2022 · External reference
Worsening baroreflex sensitivity on progression to type 2 diabetes and its modulation by pioglitazone
10.1152/ajpendo.00145.2020 · 2020 · External reference
Gestationally administered RAS modulators reprogram endotoxic cardiovascular responses in adult rat offspring
10.1007/s00210-024-03305-2 · 2025 · External reference
Oral administration of pioglitazone inhibits pulmonary hypertension progression by modulating gut microbiome
10.14814/phy2.70174 · 2025 · External reference
Tribbles homolog 3-mediated vascular insulin resistance contributes to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and is reversed by pioglitazone
10.3389/fphys.2020.542146 · 2020 · External reference
Activation of PPAR-γ prevents TERT-mediated pulmonary vascular remodeling in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14173 · 2023 · External reference
PPARγ activation inhibits PDGF-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through PTEN upregulation
10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113233 · 2022 · External reference
SERCA2 dysfunction stimulates inflammation and causes pulmonary vascular remodeling: reversal by PPARγ activation
10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.178502 · 2026 · External reference
Effects of oral antidiabetic agents on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a systematic review
10.1007/s00228-025-03830-w · 2025 · External reference
Anti-diabetic therapy and heart failure: recent advances and mechanistic insights
10.3390/life13041024 · 2023 · External reference
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) ligand, pioglitazone, increases analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in formalin-induced nociception
10.1007/s00210-023-02715-y · 2024 · External reference
Protective effects of pioglitazone on cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
10.2147/dddt.s367229 · 2022 · External reference
Pioglitazone ameliorates gentamicin ototoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function
10.3389/fncel.2020.566148 · 2020 · External reference
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma prevents activation of RBL-2H3 cells via suppressing NF-κB signaling
10.1007/s00011-025-02022-7 · 2025 · External reference
Possible role of rice bran extract in microglial modulation through PPAR-gamma receptors in a rat model of neuroinflammation
10.1007/s11011-021-00741-4 · 2021 · External reference
Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of pioglitazone on traumatic brain injury: a review
10.1155/2022/9860855 · 2022 · External reference
Antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, reversed doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
10.1002/jbt.23041 · 2022 · External reference
Ginsenoside rd promotes cardiac regeneration through PPARG/HMGCS2-driven ketone body metabolic reprogramming
10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157694 · 2026 · External reference
Procyanidin B2 attenuates pathologic cardiac fibrosis and inflammation: role of PPARγ
10.1097/fjc.0000000000001684 · 2025 · External reference
An in-depth review of PPARγ modulators as anti-diabetes therapeutics: from full agonists to selective modulators
10.1080/03602532.2025.2508152 · 2025 · External reference
Prevalence and incidence of heart failure in type 2 diabetes patients: sex-specific differences
10.1186/s12933-024-02358-0 · 2024 · External reference
Contemporary choice of glucose lowering agents in heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes: a focus on pioglitazone
10.1080/14656566.2022.2143263 · 2022 · External reference
Insulin resistance and insulin sensitizing agents: from pathophysiology to clinical practice
10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154892 · 2021 · External reference
Clinical and pathophysiological links between hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes
10.3389/fcdhc.2026.1765597 · 2026 · External reference
Effects of hypoglycemia on cardiovascular function in patients with diabetes
10.3390/ijms24119357 · 2023 · External reference
Mitophagy disorder mediates cardiac deterioration induced by severe hypoglycemia in diabetic mice
10.1016/j.mce.2023.111994 · 2023 · External reference
Screening for occult heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus using NT-proBNP: a retrospective cross-sectional study
10.7759/cureus.72576 · 2024 · External reference
Treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with heart conditions: a practical approach
10.1080/17446651.2023.2204941 · 2023 · External reference
The impact of metformin on BNP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
10.3390/jcm14082733 · 2025 · External reference
Pioglitazone after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack
10.1056/nejmoa1506930 · 2016 · External reference
Deoxyelephantopin—a novel PPARγ agonist regresses pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and improves cardiac function
10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175841 · 2023 · External reference
Reassessing the risk-benefit profile of thiazolidinediones in the era of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists
10.1016/j.eprac.2025.04.004 · 2025 · External reference
Pleural effusion and anasarca associated with pioglitazone: a case report
10.1177/87551225251348838 · 2025 · External reference
Unveiling an uncommon complication: pleural effusion secondary to pioglitazone use
10.55729/2000-9666.1541 · 2025 · External reference
Canagliflozin improves fatty acid oxidation and ferroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy: implications for PPARγ cross-talk
10.1016/j.mce.2023.112139 · 2024 · External reference
The impact of different antidiabetic drugs on fracture risk and cardiovascular outcomes: a network meta-analysis
10.1016/j.ajmo.2025.100115 · 2025 · External reference
Modulation of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ influences cardiomyocyte growth and cardiac remodeling
10.1002/iub.70035 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Cytotoxicity and toxicoproteomics analysis of thiazolidinedione exposure in human-derived cardiomyocytes
10.1002/jat.4613 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, reversed doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats
10.1002/jbt.23041 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma prevents activation of RBL-2H3 cells via suppressing NF-κB signaling
10.1007/s00011-025-02022-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) ligand, pioglitazone, increases analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in formalin-induced nociception
10.1007/s00210-023-02715-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Gestationally administered RAS modulators reprogram endotoxic cardiovascular responses in adult rat offspring
10.1007/s00210-024-03305-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of oral antidiabetic agents on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a systematic review
10.1007/s00228-025-03830-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hyperglycemia aggravates blood-brain barrier disruption following diffuse axonal injury and increases vascular permeability
10.1007/s10753-022-01716-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Possible role of rice bran extract in microglial modulation through PPAR-gamma receptors in a rat model of neuroinflammation
10.1007/s11011-021-00741-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Toxicometabolomics-based cardiotoxicity evaluation of thiazolidinediones in human-derived cardiomyocytes
10.1007/s11306-024-02097-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Integrative analysis of toxicometabolomics and toxicoproteomics data reveals multi-level cardiotoxicity mechanisms of thiazolidinediones
10.1007/s11306-024-02201-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The effects of antidiabetic agents on heart failure: a narrative review
10.1007/s12471-021-01579-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The impact of different antidiabetic drugs on fracture risk and cardiovascular outcomes: a network meta-analysis
10.1016/j.ajmo.2025.100115 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Metallothionein alleviates glutathione depletion-induced oxidative cardiomyopathy and contractile dysfunction in mice
10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.009 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
PPARγ activation inhibits PDGF-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through PTEN upregulation
10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113233 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone, SGLT2 inhibitors and their combination for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and heart failure in type 2 diabetes: a real-world cohort study
10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110685 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of SGLT2 inhibitor ipragliflozin alone and combined with pioglitazone on fluid retention and cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetic mice with NASH
10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174076 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Dysregulated ACE/ang II/Ang1–7 signaling provokes cardiovascular and inflammatory sequelae in septic offspring
10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175344 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Deoxyelephantopin—a novel PPARγ agonist regresses pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and improves cardiac function
10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175841 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
SERCA2 dysfunction stimulates inflammation and causes pulmonary vascular remodeling: reversal by PPARγ activation
10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.178502 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Reassessing the risk-benefit profile of thiazolidinediones in the era of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists
10.1016/j.eprac.2025.04.004 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Activation of PPAR-γ prevents TERT-mediated pulmonary vascular remodeling in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14173 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Oxidized alkyl phospholipids stimulate sodium transport in proximal tubules through a non-genomic PPARγ-dependent pathway
10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101681 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mitophagy disorder mediates cardiac deterioration induced by severe hypoglycemia in diabetic mice
10.1016/j.mce.2023.111994 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Canagliflozin improves fatty acid oxidation and ferroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy: implications for PPARγ cross-talk
10.1016/j.mce.2023.112139 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone corrects dysregulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation in insulin-resistant humans
10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154416 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Insulin resistance and insulin sensitizing agents: from pathophysiology to clinical practice
10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154892 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Activation of PGC-1α and mitochondrial biogenesis by pioglitazone protects against prenatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.02.035 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of pioglitazone on cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
10.1016/j.numecd.2021.12.006 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Ginsenoside rd promotes cardiac regeneration through PPARG/HMGCS2-driven ketone body metabolic reprogramming
10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157694 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association of glucose-lowering medications with cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review and evidence map
10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30422-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone increases blood-brain barrier expression of fatty acid-binding protein 5 and plasma volume expansion markers
10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01131 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Assessing the need for pioglitazone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the context of cardiovascular outcome trials: a meta-analysis
10.1038/s41598-020-72967-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pharmacologic and endotoxic reprogramming of renal vasodilatory signaling: role of PPARγ
10.1038/s41598-025-87586-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone-enhanced brown fat whitening contributes to weight gain and is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction
10.1055/a-2178-9113 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack
10.1056/nejmoa1506930 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An in-depth review of PPARγ modulators as anti-diabetes therapeutics: from full agonists to selective modulators
10.1080/03602532.2025.2508152 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Contemporary choice of glucose lowering agents in heart failure patients with type 2 diabetes: a focus on pioglitazone
10.1080/14656566.2022.2143263 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with heart conditions: a practical approach
10.1080/17446651.2023.2204941 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Procyanidin B2 attenuates pathologic cardiac fibrosis and inflammation: role of PPARγ
10.1097/fjc.0000000000001684 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
10.1111/cpr.70109 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Efficacy of lower doses of pioglitazone after stroke: a post-hoc analysis of the IRIS trial
10.1111/dom.14687 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
In praise of pioglitazone: a multifaceted insulin sensitiser
10.1111/dom.15222 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Cardiovascular efficacy and safety of antidiabetic agents: a focus on heart failure
10.1111/dom.15251 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of combination pioglitazone with SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1111/dom.15576 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor ameliorates thiazolidinedione-induced fluid retention by protecting white adipose tissue vascular integrity
10.1111/dom.70356 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Worsening baroreflex sensitivity on progression to type 2 diabetes and its modulation by pioglitazone
10.1152/ajpendo.00145.2020 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of pioglitazone on traumatic brain injury: a review
10.1155/2022/9860855 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pleural effusion and anasarca associated with pioglitazone: a case report
10.1177/87551225251348838 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Rethinking pioglitazone as a cardioprotective agent: a new perspective on an overlooked drug
10.1186/s12933-021-01294-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prevalence and incidence of heart failure in type 2 diabetes patients: sex-specific differences
10.1186/s12933-024-02358-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Post mortem evaluation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and PPARγ activation in a nonhuman primate model of cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration
10.1371/journal.pone.0226999 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
PPARG agonist pioglitazone influences diurnal kidney medulla mRNA expression of core clock genes and ENaC subunits in mice
10.14814/phy2.15535 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Oral administration of pioglitazone inhibits pulmonary hypertension progression by modulating gut microbiome
10.14814/phy2.70174 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by blocking the NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway
10.1536/ihj.21-404 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on thiazolidinedione-induced changes in volume status in patients with type 2 diabetes
10.20945/2359-4292-2024-0485 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Protective effects of pioglitazone on cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
10.2147/dddt.s367229 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone alleviates β1-adrenergic receptor antibody-induced atrial fibrillation susceptibility by improving energy metabolism
10.2174/0109298673308673240527092317 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pathogenesis and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and its fibrosis: role of PPARγ agonists
10.3350/cmh.2022.0237 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Clinical and pathophysiological links between hypoglycemia and cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes
10.3389/fcdhc.2026.1765597 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone ameliorates gentamicin ototoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function
10.3389/fncel.2020.566148 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Pioglitazone inhibits diabetes-induced atrial mitochondrial oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial dynamics
10.3389/fphar.2021.658362 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Tribbles homolog 3-mediated vascular insulin resistance contributes to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and is reversed by pioglitazone
10.3389/fphys.2020.542146 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
PPARγ-independent side effects of thiazolidinediones on mitochondrial redox state in isolated rat hearts
10.3390/cells9010252 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Effects of hypoglycemia on cardiovascular function in patients with diabetes
10.3390/ijms24119357 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The impact of metformin on BNP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes
10.3390/jcm14082733 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Anti-diabetic therapy and heart failure: recent advances and mechanistic insights
10.3390/life13041024 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Review of the case reports on metformin, sulfonylurea, and thiazolidinedione therapies: focus on adverse events
10.3390/medsci11030050 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Unveiling an uncommon complication: pleural effusion secondary to pioglitazone use
10.55729/2000-9666.1541 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Small molecule inhibitor of PPARγ acetylation promotes insulin sensitization and browning of white adipose tissue with improved safety
10.64898/2025.12.15.694265 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease complicated by diabetes: pPARγ as a therapeutic target
10.7570/jomes25017 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association of pioglitazone with major adverse cardiovascular events and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.7759/cureus.46911 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Etiology of drug-induced edema: a comprehensive review
10.7759/cureus.53400 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Screening for occult heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus using NT-proBNP: a retrospective cross-sectional study
10.7759/cureus.72576 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference