Research graph
References from Periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease, common pathways in down syndrome. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Down syndrome: an insight of the disease
10.1186/s12929-015-0138-y · 2015 · External reference
Population prevalence of down’s syndrome in the United Kingdom
10.1111/jir.12277 · 2016 · External reference
Down syndrome
10.1038/s41572-019-0143-7 · 2020 · External reference
Cognitive decline and dementia in down syndrome
10.1097/yco.0000000000000307 · 2017 · External reference
The evaluation and management of respiratory disease in children with down syndrome (DS)
10.1016/j.prrv.2017.07.003 · 2018 · External reference
Endocrine manifestations of down syndrome
10.1097/med.0000000000000382 · 2018 · External reference
Down syndrome and the complexity of genome dosage imbalance
10.1038/nrg.2016.154 · 2017 · External reference
A comprehensive review of the relationship between oral health and down syndrome
10.1007/s40496-024-00363-6 · 2024 · External reference
Beyond the amyloid hypothesis: systemic drivers, CNS-PNS crosstalk, and the future of Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics
10.3390/ijms27115042 · 2026 · External reference
Genetic susceptibility to periodontal disease in down syndrome: a case-control study
10.3390/ijms22126274 · 2021 · External reference
Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by driving Th1 differentiation via ZAP70/NF-κB signaling
10.3389/fimmu.2025.1549102 · 2025 · External reference
Pathological implications of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic potential of gingipain inhibitors
10.21851/obr.25.002 · 2025 · External reference
The interface of oral and brain health: current insights into the bidirectional relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and periodontitis
10.1002/cns.70754 · 2026 · External reference
Classification of human chromosome 21 gene-expression variations in down syndrome: impact on disease phenotypes
10.1086/520000 · 2007 · External reference
Frequent cases of RAS-mutated down syndrome acute lymphoblastic leukaemia lack JAK2 mutations
10.1038/ncomms5654 · 2014 · External reference
Down’s syndrome, neuroinflammation, and Alzheimer neuropathogenesis
10.1186/1742-2094-10-84 · 2013 · External reference
Cytoskeletal pathologies of Alzheimer disease
10.1002/cm.20388 · 2009 · External reference
Further understanding the connection between Alzheimer’s disease and down syndrome
10.1002/alz.12112 · 2020 · External reference
Down syndrome, partial trisomy 21, and absence of Alzheimer’s disease: the role of APP
10.3233/jad-160836 · 2017 · External reference
The age of onset and evolution of braak tangle stage and thal amyloid pathology of Alzheimer’s disease in individuals with down syndrome
10.1186/s40478-018-0559-4 · 2018 · External reference
Profile and regulation of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) expression in the CNS in mice with targeting of green fluorescent protein gene to the ApoE locus
10.1523/jneurosci.5476-05.2006 · 2006 · External reference
Apolipoprotein E, receptors, and modulation of Alzheimer’s disease
10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.03.003 · 2018 · External reference
The Alzheimer’s disease clinical Spectrum: diagnosis and management
10.1016/j.mcna.2018.10.009 · 2019 · External reference
Apolipoprotein E: structure and function in lipid metabolism, neurobiology, and Alzheimer’s diseases
10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.025 · 2014 · External reference
Quantitative analysis of senile plaques in Alzheimer disease: observation of log-normal size distribution and molecular epidemiology of differences associated with apolipoprotein E genotype and trisomy 21 (down syndrome)
10.1073/pnas.92.8.3586 · 1995 · External reference
Proteolytic cleavage of apolipoprotein E in the down syndrome brain
10.14336/ad.2015.1020 · 2016 · External reference
Down syndrome fibroblast model of Alzheimer-related endosome pathology: accelerated endocytosis promotes late endocytic defects
10.2353/ajpath.2008.071053 · 2008 · External reference
The endosomal-lysosomal pathway is dysregulated by APOE4 expression in vivo
10.3389/fnins.2017.00702 · 2017 · External reference
Immune dysregulation in children with down syndrome
10.3389/fped.2020.00073 · 2020 · External reference
Association of dementia with mortality among adults with down syndrome older than 35 years
10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.3616 · 2019 · External reference
Pulmonary complications of down syndrome during childhood
10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.07.023 · 2011 · External reference
Phagocytic cell activity and periodontitis in down syndrome
10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01877.x · 2012 · External reference
Age-related expansion of functionally inefficient cells with markers of natural killer activity in down’s syndrome
10.1182/blood.v77.6.1263.1263 · 1991 · External reference
Immunodeficiency and plasma zinc levels in children with down’s syndrome: a long-term follow-up of oral zinc supplementation
10.1016/0090-1229(91)90137-y · 1991 · External reference
Infections and immunodeficiency in down syndrome
10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04335.x · 2011 · External reference
Immunological patterns in young children with down syndrome: is there a temporal trend?
10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00459.x · 2007 · External reference
Underlying factors of recurrent infections in patients with down syndrome
10.14744/nci.2017.69379 · 2018 · External reference
Immune evaluation and vaccine responses in down syndrome: evidence of immunodeficiency?
10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.060 · 2011 · External reference
Igg subclasses serum concentrations in a population of children with down syndrome: comparative study with siblings and general population
10.1016/s0301-0546(02)79091-5 · 2002 · External reference
Aberrations in circulating inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with down syndrome: a meta-analysis
10.18632/oncotarget.21060 · 2017 · External reference
Increased systemic inflammation in children with down syndrome
10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154938 · 2020 · External reference
Next steps in studying the human microbiome and health in prospective studies, Bethesda, MD, may 16–17, 2017
10.1186/s40168-018-0596-z · 2018 · External reference
Signals from the gut microbiota to distant organs in physiology and disease
10.1038/nm.4185 · 2016 · External reference
Gut microbiome in down syndrome
10.1371/journal.pone.0112023 · 2014 · External reference
The oral microbiota: dynamic communities and host interactions
10.1038/s41579-018-0089-x · 2018 · External reference
Salivary periodontopathic bacteria in children and adolescents with down syndrome
10.1371/journal.pone.0162988 · 2016 · External reference
Periodontopathic bacteria in children with down syndrome
10.1902/jop.2000.71.2.249 · 2000 · External reference
Assessment of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in down’s syndrome subjects and systemically healthy subjects: a comparative clinical trial
10.4103/0972-124x.147408 · 2014 · External reference
The effect of conventional mechanical periodontal treatment on red complex microorganisms and clinical parameters in down syndrome periodontitis patients: a pilot study
10.1007/s10096-014-2268-7 · 2015 · External reference
Chronic low-grade inflammatory phenotype (CLIP) and senescent immune dysregulation
10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.02.001 · 2019 · External reference
Porphyromons gingivalis in Alzheimer’s disease brains: evidence for disease causation and treatment with small-molecule inhibitors
10.1126/sciadv.aau3333 · 2019 · External reference
Local and systemic mechanisms linking periodontal disease and inflammatory comorbidities
10.1038/s41577-020-00488-6 · 2021 · External reference
Improved survival in down syndrome over the last 60 years and the impact of perinatal factors in recent decades
10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.083 · 2016 · External reference
Neurogenesis impairment and increased cell death reduce total neuron number in the hippocampal region of fetuses with down syndrome
10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00113.x · 2008 · External reference
Astroglial and microglial pathology in down syndrome: focus on Alzheimer’s disease
10.3389/fncel.2022.987212 · 2022 · External reference
Plasma biomarkers for amyloid, tau, and cytokines in down syndrome and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
10.1186/s13195-019-0477-0 · 2019 · External reference
The IL-1β phenomena in neuroinflammatory diseases
10.1007/s00702-017-1732-9 · 2018 · External reference
Microglia and inflammation-mediated neurodegeneration: multiple triggers with a common mechanism
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.06.004 · 2005 · External reference
TREM2 modulates microglia phenotypes in the neuroinflammation of Parkinson’s disease
10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.226 · 2018 · External reference
Inflammatory mechanisms in neurodegeneration
10.1111/jnc.14674 · 2019 · External reference
Dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A-mediated phosphorylation of amyloid precursor protein: evidence for a functional link between down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease
10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.05075.x · 2008 · External reference
Intraneuronal abeta immunoreactivity is not a predictor of brain amyloidosis-beta or neurofibrillary degeneration
10.1007/s00401-006-0191-4 · 2007 · External reference
Evolution of neuroinflammation across the lifespan of individuals with down syndrome
10.1093/brain/awaa326 · 2020 · External reference
Innate immune system activation and neuroinflammation in down syndrome and neurodegeneration: therapeutic targets or partners?
10.3389/fnagi.2021.718426 · 2021 · External reference
Genetic markers involved in neuroinflammation in down syndrome: a systematic review
10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2024-0251 · 2025 · External reference
Neuroinflammation as a driver of down syndrome-associated Alzheimer’s disease
10.1016/j.bbi.2026.106513 · 2026 · External reference
Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and therapeutic strategies involving traditional Chinese medicine
10.1039/d4md00660g · 2024 · External reference
Rodent modeling of Alzheimer’s disease in down syndrome: in vivo and ex vivo approaches
10.3389/fnins.2022.909669 · 2022 · External reference
Loss of proteostasis and early-onset neurodegeneration in down syndrome: from mechanisms to interventions
10.3390/antiox15040520 · 2026 · External reference
Crosstalk between stressed brain cells: direct and indirect effects of ischemia and aglycemia on microglia
10.1186/s12974-020-1697-8 · 2020 · External reference
Stress responses in down syndrome neurodegeneration: state of the art and therapeutic molecules
10.3390/biom11020266 · 2021 · External reference
Microglial senescence and activation in healthy aging and Alzheimer’s disease: systematic review and neuropathological scoring
10.3390/cells12242824 · 2023 · External reference
Aberrant oligodendrogenesis in down syndrome: shift in gliogenesis?
10.3390/cells8121591 · 2019 · External reference
Three copies of four interferon receptor genes underlie a mild type I interferonopathy in down syndrome
10.1007/s10875-020-00803-9 · 2020 · External reference
Multidimensional definition of the interferonopathy of down syndrome and its response to JAK inhibition
10.1126/sciadv.adg6218 · 2023 · External reference
Neuroinflammation induces neurodegeneration
2016 · External reference
Novel insights into ferroptosis: implications for age-related diseases
10.7150/thno.50663 · 2020 · External reference
The mechanism of ferroptosis and blood-brain barrier damage in cerebrovascular diseases
10.3390/biomedicines14030604 · 2026 · External reference
Periodontal disease as a possible cause for Alzheimer’s disease
10.1111/prd.12327 · 2020 · External reference
Periodontal disease’s contribution to Alzheimer’s disease progression in down syndrome
10.1016/j.dadm.2016.01.001 · 2016 · External reference
Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease: possible role of periodontal diseases
10.1016/j.jalz.2007.08.004 · 2008 · External reference
Down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease: common molecular traits beyond the amyloid precursor protein
10.18632/aging.102677 · 2020 · External reference
Potential mechanisms between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease: a scoping review
2023 · External reference
Mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis to translocate over the oral mucosa and other tissue barriers
10.1080/20002297.2023.2205291 · 2023 · External reference
Association between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease: a narrative review
10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.004 · 2025 · External reference
Determining the presence of periodontopathic virulence factors in short-term postmortem Alzheimer’s diseas brain tissue
10.3233/jad-121918 · 2013 · External reference
Porphyromonas gingivalis periodontal infection and its putative links with Alzheimer’s disease
10.1155/2015/137357 · 2015 · External reference
Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis in wild type rats is serotype dependent
10.3389/fimmu.2020.588036 · 2020 · External reference
Association between dental diseases and oral hygiene care and the risk of dementia: a retrospective cohort study
10.1016/j.jamda.2023.08.011 · 2023 · External reference
The role of oxidative stress in the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease: a review of the literature
10.3390/jpm15080384 · 2025 · External reference
Porphyromonas gingivalis links Alzheimer’s disease and periodontal disease: neuroinflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic implications
10.1016/j.hlife.2026.03.001 · 2026 · External reference
Microglial activation by Alzheimer’s amyloid precursor protein and modulation by apolipoprotein E
10.1038/42257 · 1997 · External reference
Oral-gut-brain axis in experimental models of periodontitis: associating gut dysbiosis with neurodegenerative diseases
10.3389/fragi.2021.781582 · 2021 · External reference
The oral-brain axis: can periodontal pathogens trigger the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease?
10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358179 · 2024 · External reference
Chronic periodontitis and systemic inflammation in the elderly: implications for neurodegeneration
10.1186/s12974-025-03664-4 · 2026 · External reference
The “aged garlic extract:” (AGE) and one of its active ingredients S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) as potential preventive and therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
10.2174/092986711796504664 · 2011 · External reference
The early events that initiate β-amyloid aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease
10.3389/fnagi.2018.00359 · 2018 · External reference
The oral-brain axis in Alzheimer’s disease: from microbial dysbiosis to neurodegeneration
10.3390/microorganisms13122741 · 2025 · External reference
Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis promotes neuroinflammation and neuronal loss associated with dysfunction of the brain barrier
10.3389/fcimb.2025.1559182 · 2025 · External reference
Genetic, transcriptome, proteomic and epidemiological evidence for blood-brain barrier disruption and polymicrobial brain invasion as determinant factors in Alzheimer’s disease
10.3233/adr-170017 · 2017 · External reference
Blood-brain barrier breakdown, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline in older adults
10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2857 · 2018 · External reference
Trisomy 21 consistently activates the interferon response
10.7554/elife.16220 · 2016 · External reference
Trisomy 21 causes changes in the circulating proteome indicative of chronic autoinflammation
10.1038/s41598-017-13858-3 · 2017 · External reference
The role of DYRK1A in neurodegenerative diseases
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07955.x · 2011 · External reference
Type-I-interferon signaling drives microglial dysfunction and senescence in human iPSC models of down syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease
10.1016/j.stem.2022.06.007 · 2022 · External reference
Human iPSC-derived neural models for studying Alzheimer’s disease: from neural stem cells to cerebral organoids
10.1007/s12015-021-10254-3 · 2022 · External reference
Periodontitis and cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease
10.1371/journal.pone.0151081 · 2016 · External reference
Oral hygiene and caries experience in children with down syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.3389/fdmed.2025.1726952 · 2025 · External reference
Antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery: current insights and future directions for surgical site infection prevention
10.7759/cureus.47858 · 2023 · External reference
Navigating barriers to dental care for patients with down syndrome: a scoping review of challenges and strategies
10.3390/children12030330 · 2025 · External reference
Integrating social work into dentistry to advance equitable oral healthcare for adults with special health care needs
10.1111/scd.70132 · 2026 · External reference
