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References from Correlation analysis between tongue hyperspectral imaging and tongue coating microbiota and feasibility study for early screening of type 2 diabetes mellitus status. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
11th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas: global, regional, and national diabetes prevalence estimates for 2024 and projections for 2050
10.1016/s2213-8587(25)00299-2 · 2026 · External reference
Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the functional signature of microbes and metabolomics in pre-diabetes individuals
10.1128/spectrum.01459-24 · 2025 · External reference
Impact of HbA1c control and type 2 diabetes mellitus exposure on the oral microbiome profile in the elderly population
10.1080/20002297.2024.2345942 · 2024 · External reference
Microbial flora in oral diseases
10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1477 · 2013 · External reference
Tongue manifestation in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A cross-sectional study
10.1111/os.13388 · 2022 · External reference
Tongue anatomy and physiology, the scientific basis for a novel targeted neurostimulation system designed for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00514.x · 2013 · External reference
Computerized tongue image analysis for non-invasive disease screening: a review
10.1186/s13020-025-01242-7 · 2025 · External reference
Non-invasive assessment of sublingual microcirculation using flow derived from green light PPG: evaluation and reference values
10.1117/1.jbo.29.1.017001 · 2024 · External reference
Oral care tablet containing kiwifruit powder affects tongue coating microbiome
10.1002/cre2.591 · 2022 · External reference
A review of selected studies that determine the physical and chemical properties of saliva in the field of dental treatment
10.1155/2018/6572381 · 2018 · External reference
The digestive tract as the origin of systemic inflammation
10.1186/s13054-016-1458-3 · 2016 · External reference
Multiple color representation and fusion for diabetes mellitus diagnosis based on back tongue images
10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106652 · 2023 · External reference
AI-driven tongue image analysis for diagnosing and predicting coronary artery disease
10.1038/s41598-025-28417-4 · 2025 · External reference
Distinct microbiome of tongue coating and gut in type 2 diabetes with yellow tongue coating
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22615 · 2024 · External reference
Application of tongue image characteristics and oral-gut microbiota in predicting pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes with machine learning
10.3389/fcimb.2024.1477638 · 2024 · External reference
Application of intelligent tongue image analysis in conjunction with microbiomes in the diagnosis of MAFLD
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29269 · 2024 · External reference
Integration of tongue image features and tongue coating microbiome for differentiating dampness patterns in MASLD
10.3389/fendo.2026.1851610 · 2026 · External reference
Sublingual vein extraction algorithm based on hyperspectral tongue imaging technology
10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.10.001 · 2011 · External reference
Evaluation of hyperspectral technology for assessing the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease
10.1016/j.jvs.2011.06.022 · 2011 · External reference
Use of hyperspectral imaging technology to develop a diagnostic support system for gastric cancer
10.1117/1.jbo.20.1.016017 · 2015 · External reference
Hyperspectral imaging for measurement of oxygen saturation in the optic nerve head
10.1167/iovs.03-1069 · 2004 · External reference
The use of medical hyperspectral technology to evaluate microcirculatory changes in diabetic foot ulcers and to predict clinical outcomes
10.2337/dc06-2209 · 2007 · External reference
Classification of skin cancer using novel hyperspectral imaging engineering via YOLOv5
10.3390/jcm12031134 · 2023 · External reference
Reliability of noninvasive hyperspectral tongue diagnosis for menstrual diseases using machine learning method
10.1038/s41598-025-90679-9 · 2025 · External reference
Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: Standards of care in diabetes-2025
10.2337/dc25-s002 · 2025 · External reference
Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in type 2 diabetes: A risk-based approach to targeted screening
10.34172/aim.2021.28 · 2021 · External reference
Association between acute-phase reactants and advanced glycation end products in type 2 diabetes
10.2337/diacare.27.1.223 · 2004 · External reference
Novel inflammatory markers for incident pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Rotterdam Study
10.1007/s10654-017-0236-0 · 2017 · External reference
The oral microbiome profile and biomarker in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
10.1007/s12020-020-02269-6 · 2020 · External reference
Comparative analysis of salivary microbiota in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals of North India using metagenomics
10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.12.003 · 2024 · External reference
Nitrite-producing oral microbiome in adults and children
10.1038/s41598-020-73479-1 · 2020 · External reference
Dietary nitrate and nitric oxide metabolism: Mouth, circulation, skeletal muscle, and exercise performance
10.1249/mss.0000000000002470 · 2021 · External reference
Prevotella diversity, niches and interactions with the human host
10.1038/s41579-021-00559-y · 2021 · External reference
Biology of oral streptococci
10.1128/microbiolspec.gpp3-0042-2018 · 2018 · External reference
Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus: a two-way relationship
10.1902/annals.1998.3.1.51 · 1998 · External reference
Salivary biomarker panel that identifies periodontitis in persons with type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study
10.1111/jcpe.70049 · 2026 · External reference
Bridging oral and systemic health: exploring pathogenesis, biomarkers, and diagnostic innovations in periodontal disease
10.1007/s15010-025-02568-y · 2025 · External reference
Comparative analysis of oral microbiome in Indian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis cohorts
10.3390/diseases14020038 · 2026 · External reference
Oral-gut microbial transmission promotes diabetic coronary heart disease
10.1186/s12933-024-02217-y · 2024 · External reference
Decubitus ulcer infection and bacteremia due to tazobactam/piperacillin-resistant Veillonella parvula
10.18999/nagjms.86.3.524 · 2024 · External reference
Non-vertebral Veillonella species septicemia and osteomyelitis in a patient with diabetes: a case report and review of the literature
10.1186/1752-1947-8-365 · 2014 · External reference
Saccharibacteria (TM7) in saliva and subgingival microbiome as a predictor for gingivitis in individuals with type2 diabetes evaluated by qPCR
10.3389/fdmed.2025.1550936 · 2025 · External reference
Association of the oral microbiome with the progression of impaired fasting glucose in a Chinese elderly population
10.1080/20002297.2019.1605789 · 2019 · External reference
Characterization and prevalence of Solobacterium moorei associated with oral halitosis
10.1088/1752-7155/2/1/017002 · 2008 · External reference
Advances in the study of oral microbiota in association with T2DM: a systematic review
10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629304 · 2025 · External reference
Transcriptomic analysis of polysaccharide utilization loci reveals substrate preferences in ruminal generalists Segatella bryantii TF1-3 and Xylanibacter ruminicola KHP1
10.1186/s12864-024-10421-z · 2024 · External reference
Changes in selected hematological parameters in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.3389/fmed.2024.1294290 · 2024 · External reference
Evaluation of hematological changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their correlation with glycemic control
10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1111_25 · 2025 · External reference
Optical reflectance assay for the detection of biofilm formation
10.1117/1.1953347 · 2005 · External reference
Oral cancer detection using diffuse reflectance spectral ratio R540/R575 of oxygenated hemoglobin bands
10.1117/1.2165184 · 2006 · External reference
Near-IR spectroscopic imaging for skin hydration: the long and the short of it
10.1002/bip.10056 · 2002 · External reference
Near-IR spectroscopic imaging for skin hydration: the long and the short of it
10.1002/bip.10056 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Oral care tablet containing kiwifruit powder affects tongue coating microbiome
10.1002/cre2.591 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Novel inflammatory markers for incident pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Rotterdam Study
10.1007/s10654-017-0236-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The oral microbiome profile and biomarker in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
10.1007/s12020-020-02269-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Bridging oral and systemic health: exploring pathogenesis, biomarkers, and diagnostic innovations in periodontal disease
10.1007/s15010-025-02568-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Multiple color representation and fusion for diabetes mellitus diagnosis based on back tongue images
10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106652 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sublingual vein extraction algorithm based on hyperspectral tongue imaging technology
10.1016/j.compmedimag.2010.10.001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Distinct microbiome of tongue coating and gut in type 2 diabetes with yellow tongue coating
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22615 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Application of intelligent tongue image analysis in conjunction with microbiomes in the diagnosis of MAFLD
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29269 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Comparative analysis of salivary microbiota in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals of North India using metagenomics
10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.12.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Evaluation of hyperspectral technology for assessing the presence and severity of peripheral artery disease
10.1016/j.jvs.2011.06.022 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
11th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas: global, regional, and national diabetes prevalence estimates for 2024 and projections for 2050
10.1016/s2213-8587(25)00299-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Prevotella diversity, niches and interactions with the human host
10.1038/s41579-021-00559-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Nitrite-producing oral microbiome in adults and children
10.1038/s41598-020-73479-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
AI-driven tongue image analysis for diagnosing and predicting coronary artery disease
10.1038/s41598-025-28417-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Reliability of noninvasive hyperspectral tongue diagnosis for menstrual diseases using machine learning method
10.1038/s41598-025-90679-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association of the oral microbiome with the progression of impaired fasting glucose in a Chinese elderly population
10.1080/20002297.2019.1605789 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Impact of HbA1c control and type 2 diabetes mellitus exposure on the oral microbiome profile in the elderly population
10.1080/20002297.2024.2345942 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Characterization and prevalence of Solobacterium moorei associated with oral halitosis
10.1088/1752-7155/2/1/017002 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Tongue anatomy and physiology, the scientific basis for a novel targeted neurostimulation system designed for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea
10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00514.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Salivary biomarker panel that identifies periodontitis in persons with type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study
10.1111/jcpe.70049 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Tongue manifestation in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A cross-sectional study
10.1111/os.13388 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Optical reflectance assay for the detection of biofilm formation
10.1117/1.1953347 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Oral cancer detection using diffuse reflectance spectral ratio R540/R575 of oxygenated hemoglobin bands
10.1117/1.2165184 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Use of hyperspectral imaging technology to develop a diagnostic support system for gastric cancer
10.1117/1.jbo.20.1.016017 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Non-invasive assessment of sublingual microcirculation using flow derived from green light PPG: evaluation and reference values
10.1117/1.jbo.29.1.017001 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Biology of oral streptococci
10.1128/microbiolspec.gpp3-0042-2018 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the functional signature of microbes and metabolomics in pre-diabetes individuals
10.1128/spectrum.01459-24 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A review of selected studies that determine the physical and chemical properties of saliva in the field of dental treatment
10.1155/2018/6572381 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hyperspectral imaging for measurement of oxygen saturation in the optic nerve head
10.1167/iovs.03-1069 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Non-vertebral Veillonella species septicemia and osteomyelitis in a patient with diabetes: a case report and review of the literature
10.1186/1752-1947-8-365 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Transcriptomic analysis of polysaccharide utilization loci reveals substrate preferences in ruminal generalists Segatella bryantii TF1-3 and Xylanibacter ruminicola KHP1
10.1186/s12864-024-10421-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Oral-gut microbial transmission promotes diabetic coronary heart disease
10.1186/s12933-024-02217-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Computerized tongue image analysis for non-invasive disease screening: a review
10.1186/s13020-025-01242-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The digestive tract as the origin of systemic inflammation
10.1186/s13054-016-1458-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Dietary nitrate and nitric oxide metabolism: Mouth, circulation, skeletal muscle, and exercise performance
10.1249/mss.0000000000002470 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Decubitus ulcer infection and bacteremia due to tazobactam/piperacillin-resistant Veillonella parvula
10.18999/nagjms.86.3.524 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus: a two-way relationship
10.1902/annals.1998.3.1.51 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The use of medical hyperspectral technology to evaluate microcirculatory changes in diabetic foot ulcers and to predict clinical outcomes
10.2337/dc06-2209 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: Standards of care in diabetes-2025
10.2337/dc25-s002 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Association between acute-phase reactants and advanced glycation end products in type 2 diabetes
10.2337/diacare.27.1.223 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Application of tongue image characteristics and oral-gut microbiota in predicting pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes with machine learning
10.3389/fcimb.2024.1477638 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Advances in the study of oral microbiota in association with T2DM: a systematic review
10.3389/fcimb.2025.1629304 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Saccharibacteria (TM7) in saliva and subgingival microbiome as a predictor for gingivitis in individuals with type2 diabetes evaluated by qPCR
10.3389/fdmed.2025.1550936 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Integration of tongue image features and tongue coating microbiome for differentiating dampness patterns in MASLD
10.3389/fendo.2026.1851610 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Changes in selected hematological parameters in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.3389/fmed.2024.1294290 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Comparative analysis of oral microbiome in Indian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis cohorts
10.3390/diseases14020038 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Classification of skin cancer using novel hyperspectral imaging engineering via YOLOv5
10.3390/jcm12031134 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in type 2 diabetes: A risk-based approach to targeted screening
10.34172/aim.2021.28 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Evaluation of hematological changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their correlation with glycemic control
10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1111_25 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Microbial flora in oral diseases
10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1477 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
