References

Valacyclovir treatment of early symptomatic Alzheimer disease: the VALAD randomized clinical trial

10.1001/jama.2025.21738 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Herpes simplex virus and rates of cognitive decline or whole brain atrophy in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network

10.1002/acn3.51669 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cardiovascular health, infection burden, and incident dementia in the UK Biobank

10.1002/alz.13405 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cognition: A two-step IPD meta-analysis

10.1002/alz.14272 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

The association of common infectious exposures with cognitive performance in community-dwelling older adults

10.1002/alz.70457 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Autophagy and antiviral defense

10.1002/iub.2582 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Herpesviral infections and antimicrobial protection for Alzheimer's disease: Implications for prevention and treatment

10.1002/jmv.25481 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Viruses and autophagy

10.1002/rmv.630 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Practical recommendations for reporting Fine-Gray model analyses for competing risk data

10.1002/sim.7501 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Interleukin 1beta triggers synaptic and memory deficits in Herpes simplex virus type-1-infected mice by downregulating the expression of synaptic plasticity-related genes via the epigenetic MeCP2/HDAC4 complex

10.1007/s00018-023-04817-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Association of herpes zoster with dementia and effect of antiviral therapy on dementia: a population-based cohort study

10.1007/s00406-020-01157-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Molecular mechanisms associated with neurodegeneration of neurotropic viral infection

10.1007/s12035-023-03761-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Influenza vaccination reduces dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.arr.2021.101534 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Infection burden and its association with neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging markers in the UK Biobank

10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.009 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Specific and cumulative infection burden and mild cognitive impairment and dementia: A population-based study

10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.026 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway is related to persistent cognitive impairment in tick-borne encephalitis

10.1016/j.bbi.2025.02.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Multiple early factors anticipate post-acute COVID-19 sequelae

10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.014 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Mild respiratory COVID can cause multi-lineage neural cell and myelin dysregulation

10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.008 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Lack of functional TCR-epitope interaction is associated with herpes zoster through reduced downstream T cell activation

10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114062 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cytomegalovirus persistence and T-cell immunosenescence in people aged fifty and older: a systematic review

10.1016/j.exger.2016.02.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cytomegalovirus infection drives adaptive epigenetic diversification of NK cells with altered signaling and effector function

10.1016/j.immuni.2015.02.008 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Targeted complement inhibition at synapses prevents microglial synaptic engulfment and synapse loss in demyelinating disease

10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.004 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Multi-omics analysis of innate and adaptive responses to BCG vaccination reveals epigenetic cell states that predict trained immunity

10.1016/j.immuni.2023.12.005 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Hospital-treated prevalent infections, the plasma proteome and incident dementia among UK older adults

10.1016/j.isci.2023.108526 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Preclinical Alzheimer's disease: definition, natural history, and diagnostic criteria

10.1016/j.jalz.2016.02.002 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Alzheimer's disease-associated beta-amyloid is rapidly seeded by Herpesviridae to protect against brain infection

10.1016/j.neuron.2018.06.030 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Virus exposure and neurodegenerative disease risk across national biobanks

10.1016/j.neuron.2022.12.029 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Clinical and CSF single-cell profiling of post-COVID-19 cognitive impairment

10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101561 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission

10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01296-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cytomegalovirus in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: the role of inflammation as reflected by elevated C-reactive protein levels

10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00410-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Neuroinflammation in alzheimer's disease

10.1016/s1474-4422(15)70016-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Herpes zoster vaccination and incident dementia in Canada: an analysis of natural experiments

10.1016/s1474-4422(25)00455-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236 379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records

10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00084-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cognitive and psychiatric symptom trajectories 2-3 years after hospital admission for COVID-19: a longitudinal, prospective cohort study in the UK

10.1016/s2215-0366(24)00214-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Epigenetic age acceleration changes 2 years after antiretroviral therapy initiation in adults with HIV: a substudy of the NEAT001/ANRS143 randomised trial

10.1016/s2352-3018(21)00006-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00249-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

A complement-microglial axis drives synapse loss during virus-induced memory impairment

10.1038/nature18283 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Blood-brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders

10.1038/nrneurol.2017.188 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Recombinant zoster vaccine is associated with a reduced risk of dementia

10.1038/s41467-026-69289-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cellular and molecular synergy in AS01-adjuvanted vaccines results in an early IFNγ response promoting vaccine immunogenicity

10.1038/s41541-017-0027-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Prospective cohort study evaluating the association between influenza vaccination and neurodegenerative diseases

10.1038/s41541-024-00841-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Lower risk of dementia with AS01-adjuvanted vaccination against shingles and respiratory syncytial virus infections

10.1038/s41541-025-01172-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Blood-brain barrier injury and neuroinflammation induced by SARS-CoV-2 in a lung-brain microphysiological system

10.1038/s41551-023-01054-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus in the immunocompromised host

10.1038/s41579-021-00582-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cognitive impairment in people living with HIV: consensus recommendations for a new approach

10.1038/s41582-023-00813-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management

10.1038/s41582-023-00879-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Innate immune memory in the brain shapes neurological disease hallmarks

10.1038/s41586-018-0023-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

TOX transcriptionally and epigenetically programs CD8+ T cell exhaustion

10.1038/s41586-019-1325-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

The cGAS-STING pathway drives type I IFN immunopathology in COVID-19

10.1038/s41586-022-04421-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank

10.1038/s41586-022-04569-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

cGAS-STING drives ageing-related inflammation and neurodegeneration

10.1038/s41586-023-06373-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Distinguishing features of long COVID identified through immune profiling

10.1038/s41586-023-06651-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

A natural experiment on the effect of herpes zoster vaccination on dementia

10.1038/s41586-025-08800-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Long COVID after breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection

10.1038/s41591-022-01840-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

The recombinant shingles vaccine is associated with lower risk of dementia

10.1038/s41591-024-03201-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Blood-brain barrier disruption and sustained systemic inflammation in individuals with long COVID-associated cognitive impairment

10.1038/s41593-024-01576-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cerebral hypoperfusion in post-COVID-19 cognitively impaired subjects revealed by arterial spin labeling MRI

10.1038/s41598-023-32275-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease

10.1056/nejmoa1202753 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Efficacy of an adjuvanted herpes zoster subunit vaccine in older adults

10.1056/nejmoa1501184 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Practice effects and longitudinal cognitive change in normal aging vs. incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging

10.1080/13854046.2013.836567 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Broadly targeted human cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells dominate the memory compartments of exposed subjects

10.1084/jem.20050882 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Viral MHCI inhibition evades tissue-resident memory T cell formation and responses

10.1084/jem.20181077 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Using big data to emulate a target trial when a randomized trial is not available

10.1093/aje/kwv254 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Persistent circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike is associated with post-acute coronavirus disease 2019 sequelae

10.1093/cid/ciac722 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Impact of antiretroviral regimens on cerebrospinal fluid viral escape in a prospective multicohort study of antiretroviral therapy-experienced human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected adults in the United States

10.1093/cid/ciy267 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Practice and drop-out effects during a 17-year longitudinal study of cognitive aging

10.1093/geronb/59.2.p84 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Mendelian randomization: genetic anchors for causal inference in epidemiological studies

10.1093/hmg/ddu328 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Collider scope: when selection bias can substantially influence observed associations

10.1093/ije/dyx206 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Impact of zostavax vaccination on T-cell accumulation and cutaneous gene expression in the skin of older humans after varicella zoster virus antigen-specific challenge

10.1093/infdis/jiy420 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Herpes zoster virus infection and the risk of developing dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1097/md.0000000000034503 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cerebrospinal fluid viral escape in aviremic HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: prevalence, risk factors and neurocognitive effects

10.1097/qad.0000000000002074 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Tryptophan-kynurenine pathway activation and cognition in virally suppressed women with HIV

10.1097/qai.0000000000003454 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cognitive decline among individuals with history of mild symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: a longitudinal prospective study nested to a population cohort

10.1111/ene.14775 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

The influence of latent viral infection on rate of cognitive decline over 4 years

10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00796.x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Infectious burden and cognitive decline in the Northern Manhattan Study

10.1111/jgs.13557 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Noncytotoxic lytic granule-mediated CD8+ T cell inhibition of HSV-1 reactivation from neuronal latency

10.1126/science.1164164 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Viral immunology. Comprehensive serological profiling of human populations using a synthetic human virome

10.1126/science.aaa0698 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Trained immunity: A program of innate immune memory in health and disease

10.1126/science.aaf1098 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Persistent complement dysregulation with signs of thromboinflammation in active long Covid

10.1126/science.adg7942 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Cytomegalovirus infection enhances the immune response to influenza

10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa2293 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

The neuronal pentraxin Nptx2 regulates complement activity and restrains microglia-mediated synapse loss in neurodegeneration

10.1126/scitranslmed.adf0141 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Comprehensive phage display viral antibody profiling using VirScan: potential applications in chronic immune-mediated disease

10.1128/jvi.01102-24 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Increased immune response variability during simultaneous viral coinfection leads to unpredictability in CD8 T cell immunity and pathogenesis

10.1128/jvi.01432-15 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Coinfections: another variable in the herpesvirus latency-reactivation dynamic

10.1128/jvi.01865-15 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Shifting the immune memory paradigm: trained immunity in viral infections

10.1146/annurev-virology-091919-072546 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Tissue-resident T cell-derived cytokines eliminate herpes simplex virus-2-infected cells

10.1172/jci132583 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Type I interferon response drives neuroinflammation and synapse loss in Alzheimer disease

10.1172/jci133737 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Herpesvirus latency

10.1172/jci136225 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

MMR vaccination induces trained immunity via functional and metabolic reprogramming of gammadelta T cells

10.1172/jci170848 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Innate immune cell activation by adjuvant AS01 in human lymph node explants is age independent

10.1172/jci174144 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

p38 signaling inhibits mTORC1-independent autophagy in senescent human CD8+ T cells

10.1172/jci75051 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Anti-herpetic treatment reduces dementia risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1177/13872877251409323 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Herpes zoster does not increase the risk of neurodegenerative dementia: a case-control study

10.1177/15333175211006504 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Pericyte infection by HIV-1: a fatal attraction

10.1186/s12977-022-00614-3 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Role of aging in blood-brain barrier dysfunction and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection: impacts on neurological symptoms of COVID-19

10.1186/s12987-022-00357-5 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a long-lived pro-inflammatory transcriptional profile

10.1186/s13073-023-01227-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders persist in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: CHARTER Study

10.1212/wnl.0b013e318200d727 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Infectious burden and cognitive function: the Northern Manhattan Study

10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182896e79 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

HIV DNA reservoir increases risk for cognitive disorders in cART-naive patients

10.1371/journal.pone.0070164 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) positively affect depression and cognitive function in patients with chronic hepatitis C

10.1371/journal.pone.0320221 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Chronic immune activation and gut barrier dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation in ART-suppressed SIV+ rhesus macaques

10.1371/journal.ppat.1011290 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Associations of infectious agents with alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.3233/jad-191337 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Association of influenza vaccination and dementia risk: A meta-analysis of cohort studies

10.3233/jad-221036 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Longitudinal effects of herpesviruses on multiple cognitive outcomes in healthy elderly adults

10.3233/jad-221116 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Adult vaccination as a protective factor for dementia: a meta-analysis and systematic review of population-based observational studies

10.3389/fimmu.2022.872542 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Remodeling of T cell dynamics during long COVID is dependent on severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection

10.3389/fimmu.2022.886431 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Early immune factors associated with the development of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals

10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348041 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Hepatitis C virus-associated neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders: Advances in 2015

10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.11974 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

A fixed spatial structure of CD8(+) T cells in tissue during chronic HSV-2 infection

10.4049/jimmunol.1800471 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E-value

10.7326/m16-2607 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Rapid localized spread and immunologic containment define Herpes simplex virus-2 reactivation in the human genital tract

10.7554/elife.00288 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference

Neuronal hyperexcitability is a DLK-dependent trigger of herpes simplex virus reactivation that can be induced by IL-1

10.7554/elife.58037 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference