References

Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries

10.3322/caac.21834 · 2024 · External reference

Localised rectal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

10.1016/j.annonc.2025.05.528 · 2025 · External reference

Management of locally advanced rectal cancer: ASCO Guideline

10.1200/jco.24.01160 · 2024 · External reference

NCCN guidelines® Insights: rectal cancer, version 3.2024

10.6004/jnccn.2024.0041 · 2024 · External reference

Total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: An emerging option

10.1002/cncr.30600 · 2017 · External reference

Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) versus standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1002/onco.13824 · 2021 · External reference

Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer

10.1056/nejmoa040694 · 2004 · External reference

Perineural invasion in cancer: a review of the literature

10.1002/cncr.24396 · 2009 · External reference

Perineural invasion is an important prognostic factor in patients with radically resected (R0) and node-negative (pN0) pancreatic cancer

10.1097/sla.0000000000006320 · 2025 · External reference

The prognostic significance of perineural invasion in prostatic cancer biopsies: a systematic review

10.1002/cncr.22388 · 2007 · External reference

The impact of perineural invasion on prognosis in esophageal cancer patients after surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.3389/fonc.2025.1629335 · 2025 · External reference

Prognostic value of perineural invasion in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

10.1007/s11605-015-2761-z · 2015 · External reference

Perineural invasion is a strong prognostic factor in colorectal cancer: a systematic review

10.1097/pas.0000000000000518 · 2016 · External reference

Long-term outcomes of clinical complete responders after neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer in the International Watch & Wait Database (IWWD): an international multicentre registry study

10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31078-x · 2018 · External reference

Is "watch-and-wait" after chemoradiotherapy safe in patients with rectal cancer

10.1136/bmj.k4472 · 2018 · External reference

Prognostic and inflammatory differences between upper and mid-lower rectal cancers in non-metastatic stage II-II disease

10.3390/curroncol32040227 · 2025 · External reference

Prognostic value of tumor regression grade combined with pathological lymph node status in initially node-positive rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.1080/08941939.2025.2449669 · 2025 · External reference

Prognostic significance of desmoplastic reaction after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in advanced rectal cancer

10.1097/dcr.0000000000003589 · 2025 · External reference

Prognostic value of preoperative D-dimer to albumin ratio in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.1007/s12672-024-01542-8 · 2024 · External reference

The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

10.1136/bmj.n71 · 2021 · External reference

Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses

10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z · 2010 · External reference

Quantified pathologic response assessed as residual tumor burden is a predictor of recurrence-free survival in patients with rectal cancer who undergo resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.1002/cncr.28331 · 2013 · External reference

The clinical relevance of adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer patients achieving near pathological complete response following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: Insights from ypT stage

10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108001 · 2024 · External reference

Perineural invasion predicts for distant metastasis in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery

10.1097/coc.0000000000000214 · 2017 · External reference

Prognostic significance of clinicopathological and molecular features after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients

10.21873/invivo.11691 · 2019 · External reference

Prognostic significance of serum carcinoembryonic antigen normalization on survival in rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiation

10.4143/crt.2013.45.3.186 · 2013 · External reference

Pre-treatment and post-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predict pathological tumor response and survival in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.5505/tjo.2022.3467 · 2022 · External reference

3D spectral CT-based fusion model predicts prognosis and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy benefit in locally advanced rectal cancer

10.1038/s41598-025-14851-x · 2025 · External reference

Immunohistochemical detection of p53 expression in patients with preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer: association with prognosis

10.3349/ymj.2015.56.1.82 · 2015 · External reference

Mismatch repair gene expression as a predictor of tumor responses in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiation

10.1097/md.0000000000002582 · 2016 · External reference

Tumor immune microenvironment biomarkers for recurrence prediction in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.3390/cancers16193353 · 2024 · External reference

Correlation between T stage and lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy

10.1177/17588359221132620 · 2022 · External reference

Prognostic effect of pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen level: a useful tool for prediction of distant metastasis in locally advanced rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision

10.1097/md.0000000000001291 · 2015 · External reference

Prognostic impact of perineural invasion in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.1007/s00268-018-4774-8 · 2019 · External reference

Prognostic significance of survivin expression and combined analysis with cancer stem cell and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers in patients with rectal cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy

10.21873/anticanres.13064 · 2018 · External reference

What are the most important prognostic factors in patients with residual rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy

10.12701/yujm.2019.00157 · 2019 · External reference

Effect of responsiveness of lymph nodes to preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer on prognosis after radical resection

10.1016/j.clcc.2019.03.001 · 2019 · External reference

Pathologic staging inconsistency between ypT4N0 (stage II) and ypT1-2N1 (stage III) after preoperative chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision in rectal cancer: a multi-institutional study

10.1016/j.clcc.2018.11.003 · 2019 · External reference

Adjuvant chemotherapy does not improve cancer-specific survival for pathologic stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery: evidence based on long-term survival analysis from SEER data

10.1007/s00384-023-04428-3 · 2023 · External reference

Prognostic stratification based on the levels of tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells and PD-1/PD-L1 axis in locally advanced rectal cancer

10.3389/fonc.2022.1018700 · 2022 · External reference

BMI may be a prognostic factor for local advanced rectal cancer patients treated with long-term neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

10.2147/cmar.s268928 · 2020 · External reference

The preoperative geriatric nutritional risk index predicts long-term prognosis in elderly locally advanced rectal cancer patients: a two-center retrospective cohort study

10.1007/s40520-022-02297-4 · 2023 · External reference

Impact factors of lymph node retrieval on survival in locally advanced rectal cancer with neoadjuvant therapy

10.12998/wjcc.v8.i24.6229 · 2020 · External reference

Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-neutrophil (PN) index in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study

10.1097/ms9.0000000000001297 · 2024 · External reference

Patient risk subgroups predict benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II rectal cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision

10.1016/j.clcc.2021.02.006 · 2021 · External reference

A subcentimeter distal rectal margin and its impact on local recurrence in rectal cancer patients undergoing curative surgery after preoperative chemoradiotherapy

10.31858/0975-8453.15.1.15-23 · 2024 · External reference

Applying a neoscore in locally advanced rectal cancer is beneficial in predicting local recurrences after surgery

10.1371/journal.pone.0285709 · 2023 · External reference

Prognostic significance of lymph node yield on oncologic outcomes according to tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients

10.3393/ac.2022.00143.0020 · 2023 · External reference

Significance of perineural and lymphovascular invasion in locally advanced rectal cancer treated by preoperative chemoradiotherapy and radical surgery: Can perineural invasion be an indication of adjuvant chemotherapy

10.1016/j.radonc.2019.01.002 · 2019 · External reference

Perineural and lymphovascular invasion predicts for poor prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery

10.7150/jca.31473 · 2019 · External reference

Prognostic value of sterilized lymph nodes after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for patients with ypN0 rectal cancer

10.1245/s10434-016-5736-8 · 2017 · External reference

Individualized conditional survival nomograms for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and radical surgery

10.1016/j.ejso.2021.06.010 · 2021 · External reference

Analysis of survival in complete pathological response after long-course chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced rectal cancer

10.3390/curroncol30010081 · 2023 · External reference

Lymph node yield after rectal resection in patients treated with neoadjuvant radiation for rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1016/j.ejca.2016.10.031 · 2017 · External reference

Tumor regression grading after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal carcinoma revisited: updated results of the CAO/ARO/AIO-94 trial

10.1200/jco.2013.54.3769 · 2014 · External reference

Prognostic significance of tumor regression in locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative radiochemotherapy

10.1515/raon-2017-0059 · 2018 · External reference

Alpha5 nicotine acetylcholine receptor subunit promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma metastasis

10.1038/s41392-024-01761-z · 2024 · External reference

Emerging experimental models for assessing perineural invasion in human cancers

10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215610 · 2022 · External reference

Meta-analysis – perineural invasion as prognostic factor in rectal cancer

10.1016/j.jcol.2018.09.001 · 2019 · External reference

The incidence and prognosis value of perineural invasion in rectal carcinoma: From meta-analyses and real-world clinical pathological features

10.1016/j.clon.2023.05.008 · 2023 · External reference

Perineural and vascular invasion in oral cavity squamous carcinoma: increased incidence on re-review of slides and by using immunohistochemical enhancement

10.5858/2005-129-354-paviio · 2005 · External reference

Nerve growth factor orchestrates NGAL and matrix metalloproteinases activity to promote colorectal cancer metastasis

10.1007/s12094-021-02666-x · 2022 · External reference

Biological influence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on colon cancer cells

10.3892/etm.2013.1330 · 2013 · External reference

Norepinephrine-CREB1-miR-373 axis promotes progression of colon cancer

10.1002/1878-0261.12657 · 2020 · External reference

Expression and significance of autonomic nerves and α9 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in colorectal cancer

10.3892/mmr.2018.8883 · 2018 · External reference

Reprogrammed Schwann cells organize into dynamic tracks that promote pancreatic cancer invasion

10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-1690 · 2022 · External reference

Endoneurial macrophages induce perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by secretion of GDNF and activation of RET tyrosine kinase receptor

10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0764 · 2012 · External reference

Exosomal miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p promote CXCL12/CXCR7-induced metastasis of colorectal cancer by crosstalk with cancer-associated fibroblasts

10.1038/s41419-022-04825-6 · 2022 · External reference

Pathological features of rectal cancer after preoperative radiochemotherapy

10.1007/s003840050134 · 1998 · External reference

College of American Pathologists tumor regression grading system for long-term outcome in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer

10.1002/onco.13707 · 2021 · External reference

Comparison of tumor regression grade systems for locally advanced rectal cancer after multimodality treatment

10.1093/jnci/dju248 · 2014 · External reference

Neural influences in colorectal cancer progression and therapeutic strategies

10.1007/s00384-025-04887-w · 2025 · External reference

Clinical implication of perineural and lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery after preoperative chemoradiotherapy

10.1097/dcr.0000000000002219 · 2022 · External reference

Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) guidelines 2024 for the treatment of colorectal cancer

10.1007/s10147-025-02899-8 · 2025 · External reference

Association of genetic ancestry with molecular tumor profiles in colorectal cancer

10.1186/s13073-024-01373-w · 2024 · External reference