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References from Vaccine equity in Africa: a rapid review of policy, legal and governance frameworks to improve research and development. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Special focus on challenges and opportunities for the development and use of vaccines in Africa
10.1080/21645515.2018.1522921 · 2018 · External reference
Child vaccination in sub-saharan Africa: increasing coverage addresses inequalities
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.005 · 2022 · External reference
Contribution of vaccination to improved survival and health: modelling 50 years of the expanded programme on immunization
10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00850-x · 2024 · External reference
The world of immunization: achievements, challenges, and strategic vision for the next decade
10.1093/infdis/jiab284 · 2021 · External reference
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Advancing local manufacturing capacities for vaccines within Africa – opportunities, priorities and challenges
10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126829 · 2025 · External reference
Building global vaccine manufacturing capacity: spotlight on Africa
10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.009 · 2023 · External reference
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A review of the progress and challenges of developing a vaccine for COVID-19
10.3389/fimmu.2020.585354 · 2020 · External reference
COVID-19 vaccine access in Africa: global distribution, vaccine platforms, and challenges ahead
10.1016/j.immuni.2021.06.017 · 2021 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
Vaccine equity: a fundamental imperative in the fight against COVID-19
10.1371/journal.pmed.1003948 · 2022 · External reference
Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement
10.1186/2046-4053-4-1 · 2015 · External reference
Updated recommendations for the cochrane rapid review methods guidance for rapid reviews of effectiveness
10.1136/bmj-2023-076335 · 2024 · External reference
The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration
10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100 · 2009 · External reference
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2021 · External reference
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2021 · External reference
A landscape analysis of the vaccine ecosystem in Africa: research and development funding, clinical trials, regulation, and manufacturing readiness
10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00314-6 · 2025 · External reference
Building equitable and sustainable vaccine ecosystems in Africa to achieve health sovereignty and universal immunization by 2040
10.1007/s44155-026-00364-z · 2026 · External reference
Building vaccine and biotherapeutics manufacturing capacity in Africa: a practical approach
10.1007/s44337-025-00313-w · 2025 · External reference
Operationalizing African self-reliance in vaccine manufacturing
10.1080/16549716.2025.2560209 · 2025 · External reference
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1995 · External reference
Intellectual property barriers to access to COVID-19 health products in South Africa
2021 · External reference
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2021 · External reference
TRIPS, pharmaceuticals, developing countries, and the Doha “solution.”
2002 · External reference
TRIPS Waiver of COVID-19 vaccines: impact on pharmaceutical industry and what it means to developing countries
10.1111/jwip.12198 · 2021 · External reference
Addressing vaccine inequity during the COVID-19 pandemic: the trips intellectual property waiver proposal and beyond
10.1017/s0008197322000241 · 2022 · External reference
Improving access to COVID-19 vaccines: an analysis of TRIPS waiver discourse among WTO members, civil society organizations, and pharmaceutical industry stakeholders
2022 · External reference
Sharing technology and vaccine doses to address global vaccine inequity and End the COVID-19 pandemic
10.1001/jama.2021.10823 · 2021 · External reference
‘Our project, your problem?’ A case study of the WHO’s mRNA technology transfer programme in South Africa
10.1371/journal.pgph.0003173 · 2024 · External reference
Challenges implementing technology transfer as a viable pathway for equitable vaccine production and access: a case study of the mRNA vaccine hub in South Africa
10.1080/17441692.2025.2504698 · 2025 · External reference
Africa (COVID-19) vaccine technology transfer: where are we?
10.3390/life13091886 · 2023 · External reference
Ensuring vaccine access through local production: the need for a harmonized and sustainable approach
10.1093/jlb/lsaf020 · 2025 · External reference
Can we move beyond vaccine apartheid? Examining the determinants of the COVID-19 vaccine gap
10.1080/17441692.2023.2256822 · 2023 · External reference
Decolonizing global health: africa’s pursuit of pharmaceutical sovereignty
10.1186/s12913-025-13211-9 · 2025 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
Global COVID-19 vaccine inequity: the scope, the impact, and the challenges
10.1016/j.chom.2021.06.007 · 2021 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
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2020 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
South Africa—blazing a trail for African biotechnology
10.1038/nbt1204supp-dc37 · 2004 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
Advancing vaccine manufacturing in Africa: a new era for immunisation programmes towards self-sufficiency
10.11604/pamj.supp.2025.51.1.46888 · 2025 · External reference
Strengthening vaccine capacity building on the African continent
10.1038/s41467-025-62839-y · 2025 · External reference
Africa’s vaccines manufacturing revolution: lessons from COVID-19, ongoing efforts, and challenges to overcome
10.24926/iip.v16i3.6592 · 2025 · External reference
African Medicines agency: how it will change the landscape of medicines in Africa
10.1002/puh2.96 · 2023 · External reference
Comparison of three regional medicines regulatory harmonisation initiatives in Africa: opportunities for improvement and alignment
10.34172/ijhpm.2024.8070 · 2024 · External reference
Accelerating vaccine development and deployment: report of a royal society satellite meeting
10.1098/rstb.2011.0100 · 2011 · External reference
Vaccine production in Africa: a feasible business model for capacity building and sustainable new vaccine Introduction
10.3389/fpubh.2019.00056 · 2019 · External reference
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2019 · External reference
Malaria vaccine development: focusing field erythrocyte invasion studies on phenotypic diversity
10.1016/j.pt.2015.11.009 · 2016 · External reference
Regulatory collaboration: the African vaccine regulatory forum (AVAREF): a platform for collaboration in a public health emergency
2015 · External reference
Developing ANDI: a novel approach to health product R&D in Africa
10.1371/journal.pmed.1000293 · 2010 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
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2016 · External reference
From Africa to the world: reimagining Africa’s research capacity and culture in the global knowledge economy
10.7189/jogh.10.010321 · 2020 · External reference
Investing in health R&D: where we are, what limits US, and how to make progress in Africa
10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001047 · 2019 · External reference
National expenditure on health research in South Africa: how has the landscape changed in the past decade?
10.7196/samj.2020.v110i4.14349 · 2020 · External reference
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Immunization coverage among asplenic patients and strategies to increase vaccination compliance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1080/14760584.2021.1886085 · 2021 · External reference
Vaccine coverage for recommended vaccines among splenectomised patients in apulia, south Italy: a retrospective cohort study
10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069316 · 2023 · External reference
Burden of COVID-19 disease and vaccine coverages in apulian splenectomized patients: a retrospective observational study
10.1111/bjh.18731 · 2023 · External reference
Prevalence of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies in Italian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.047 · 2023 · External reference
Understanding the barriers and facilitators of vaccine hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine in healthcare workers and healthcare students worldwide: an Umbrella review
10.1371/journal.pone.0280439 · 2023 · External reference
Clustering vaccine hesitancy and social media use of nurses and nursing students: a cross-sectional study
10.1016/j.apnr.2025.151976 · 2025 · External reference
Persisting vaccine hesitancy in Africa: the whys, global public health consequences and ways-out—cOVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates as case-in-point
10.3390/vaccines10111934 · 2022 · External reference
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: a scoping review
10.1186/s41256-022-00255-1 · 2022 · External reference
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: a call to action
10.1016/s2214-109x(21)00563-5 · 2022 · External reference
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the adult population in Ghana: evidence from a pre-vaccination rollout survey
10.1186/s41182-021-00357-5 · 2021 · External reference
Fake news, misinformation, vaccine hesitancy and the role of community engagement in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in southern Ghana
10.1371/journal.pone.0316969 · 2025 · External reference
The impact of information sources on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in sub-saharan Africa
10.1186/s12889-022-14972-2 · 2023 · External reference
Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa- moving beyond a reliance on information-based responses
10.1080/21645515.2022.2107851 · 2022 · External reference
“Africa isn’t a testing lab”: considering COVID vaccine trials in a history of biomedical experimentation and abuse
10.14321/jwestafrihist.6.2.0126 · 2020 · External reference
COVID-19 Vaccine hesitancy: experiences from the republic of the Congo, the democratic republic of the Congo and the republic of Guinea-Bissau
10.3390/covid5100165 · 2025 · External reference
Challenges in ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines: production, affordability, allocation, and deployment
10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00306-8 · 2021 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
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2024 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
An mRNA technology transfer programme and economic sustainability in health care
10.2471/blt.24.291388 · 2024 · External reference
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2022 · External reference
Country planning for health interventions under development: lessons from the malaria vaccine decision-making framework and implications for other new interventions
10.1093/heapol/czs039 · 2012 · External reference
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2017 · External reference
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2009 · External reference
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2017 · External reference
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2023 · External reference
COVID-19 vaccines development in Africa: a review of current situation and existing challenges of vaccine production
10.7774/cevr.2022.11.1.82 · 2022 · External reference
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2018 · External reference
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“Unprecedented achievement”: Who received the first billion COVID vaccinations?
2021 · External reference
The PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement
2009 · External reference
