Research graph
References from Conditional Senescence and Longevity Mechanisms in Early-Branching Metazoans: Insights from Hydra. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Cellular Senescence: Aging, Cancer, and Injury
10.1152/physrev.00020.2018 · 2019 · External reference
10.3389/fcell.2021.645593
10.3389/fcell.2021.645593 · External reference
10.3390/ijms222313173
10.3390/ijms222313173 · External reference
Programmed Cell Senescence Is Required for Sensory Organ Development in Drosophila
10.1016/j.isci.2025.112048 · 2025 · External reference
A Large and Consistent Phylogenomic Dataset Supports Sponges as the Sister Group to All Other Animals
10.1016/j.cub.2017.02.031 · 2017 · External reference
Senescence as a Trade-off between Successful Land Colonisation and Longevity: Critical Review and Analysis of a Hypothesis
10.7717/peerj.12286 · 2021 · External reference
Refining Convergent Rate Analysis with Topology in Mammalian Longevity and Marine Transitions
10.1093/molbev/msab226 · 2021 · External reference
Aging and Longevity in the Simplest Animals and the Quest for Immortality
10.1016/j.arr.2014.05.003 · 2014 · External reference
Constant Mortality and Fertility over Age in Hydra
10.1073/pnas.1521002112 · 2015 · External reference
Chronic Inflammation (Inflammaging) and Its Potential Contribution to Age-Associated Diseases
10.1093/gerona/glu057 · 2014 · External reference
Inflammaging: A New Immune–Metabolic Viewpoint for Age-Related Diseases
10.1038/s41574-018-0059-4 · 2018 · External reference
10.3390/ijms25158542
10.3390/ijms25158542 · External reference
10.3390/cells14221831
10.3390/cells14221831 · External reference
Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Interventions and Treatments
10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0 · 2022 · External reference
Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Anti-Aging Strategies
10.1186/s12964-024-01663-1 · 2024 · External reference
Evolution of Senescence by Damage Accumulation That Accelerates with Age Throughout an Organism’s Lifespan
10.1002/ece3.72988 · 2026 · External reference
Senescence-Induced Cellular Reprogramming Drives Cnidarian Whole-Body Regeneration
2022 · External reference
The Evolution of Cancer and Ageing: A History of Constraint
10.1038/s41568-025-00861-4 · 2025 · External reference
10.1371/journal.pone.0134566
10.1371/journal.pone.0134566 · External reference
10.3390/genes12040506
10.3390/genes12040506 · External reference
The Buds of Oscarella lobularis (Porifera, Homoscleromorpha): A New Convenient Model for Sponge Cell and Evolutionary Developmental Biology
10.1002/jez.b.23271 · 2024 · External reference
Placozoan Fiber Cells: Mediators of Innate Immunity and Participants in Wound Healing
10.1038/s41598-021-02735-9 · 2021 · External reference
Error, Signal, and the Placement of Ctenophora Sister to All Other Animals
10.1073/pnas.1503453112 · 2015 · External reference
Somatic Stem Cells Express Piwi and Vasa Genes in an Adult Ctenophore: Ancient Association of “Germline Genes” with Stemness
10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.10.019 · 2011 · External reference
The Conservation of the Germline Multipotency Program, from Sponges to Vertebrates: A Stepping Stone to Understanding the Somatic and Germline Origins
2017 · External reference
Developmental Expression of “Germline”- and “Sex Determination”-Related Genes in the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
10.1186/s13227-016-0051-9 · 2016 · External reference
Hydra, a Fruitful Model System for 270 Years
10.1387/ijdb.120086bg · 2012 · External reference
Hydra, a Powerful Model for Aging Studies
10.1080/07924259.2014.927805 · 2015 · External reference
Diversity of Ageing across the Tree of Life
10.1038/nature12789 · 2014 · External reference
10.3390/microorganisms10040774
10.3390/microorganisms10040774 · External reference
Mortality Patterns Suggest Lack of Senescence in Hydra
10.1016/s0531-5565(97)00113-7 · 1998 · External reference
Hydra, the Everlasting Embryo, Confronts Aging
10.1387/ijdb.113461dm · 2012 · External reference
An Explanation for Negligible Senescence in Animals
10.1002/ece3.8970 · 2022 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Inducible Aging in Hydra oligactis Implicates Sexual Reproduction, Loss of Stem Cells, and Genome Maintenance as Major Pathways
10.1007/s11357-020-00214-z · 2020 · External reference
Deficient Autophagy in Epithelial Stem Cells Drives Aging in the Freshwater Cnidarian Hydra
10.1242/dev.177840 · 2020 · External reference
Age-dependent Plasticity in Reproductive Investment, Regeneration Capacity and Survival in a Partially Clonal Animal (Hydra oligactis)
10.1111/1365-2656.13287 · 2020 · External reference
Telomeres and Telomerase in Basal Metazoa
2017 · External reference
A Theory of Marginotomy
10.1016/0022-5193(73)90198-7 · 1973 · External reference
The Connection Between Cell Fate and Telomere
2021 · External reference
10.3390/ijms26030993
10.3390/ijms26030993 · External reference
When Does Early-life Telomere Length Predict Survival? A Case Study and Meta-analysis
10.1111/mec.16894 · 2023 · External reference
The Regulations of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) in Cancer
10.1038/s41419-024-06454-7 · 2024 · External reference
The Telomere Repeat Motif of Basal Metazoa
2007 · External reference
Sponges (Porifera) Model Systems to Study the Shift from Immortal to Senescent Somatic Cells: The Telomerase Activity in Somatic Cells
10.1016/s0047-6374(97)00120-6 · 1998 · External reference
Telomere Maintenance and Telomerase Activity Are Differentially Regulated in Asexual and Sexual Worms
10.1073/pnas.1118885109 · 2012 · External reference
Loss of Neurogenesis in Hydra Leads to Compensatory Regulation of Neurogenic and Neurotransmission Genes in Epithelial Cells
10.1098/rstb.2015.0040 · 2016 · External reference
10.3389/fcell.2026.1893030
10.3389/fcell.2026.1893030 · External reference
Unresolved reference
External reference
Mechanism and Medical Implications of Mammalian Autophagy
10.1038/s41580-018-0003-4 · 2018 · External reference
Cellular, Metabolic, and Developmental Dimensions of Whole-Body Regeneration in Hydra
10.1101/cshperspect.a040725 · 2021 · External reference
The Mechanisms and Roles of Selective Autophagy in Mammals
10.1038/s41580-022-00542-2 · 2023 · External reference
WIPI2 Links LC3 Conjugation with PI3P, Autophagosome Formation, and Pathogen Clearance by Recruiting Atg12–5-16L1
10.1016/j.molcel.2014.05.021 · 2014 · External reference
Mammalian Atg18 (WIPI2) Localizes to Omegasome-Anchored Phagophores and Positively Regulates LC3 Lipidation
10.4161/auto.6.4.11863 · 2010 · External reference
The ULK1 Kinase, a Necessary Component of the pro-Regenerative and Anti-Aging Machinery in Hydra
10.1016/j.mad.2020.111414 · 2021 · External reference
Essential Role for Autophagy in Life Span Extension
10.1172/jci73946 · 2015 · External reference
Autophagy as a Promoter of Longevity: Insights from Model Organisms
10.1038/s41580-018-0033-y · 2018 · External reference
The Proteostasis Network and Its Decline in Ageing
10.1038/s41580-019-0101-y · 2019 · External reference
Autophagy in Healthy Aging and Disease
10.1038/s43587-021-00098-4 · 2021 · External reference
Autophagic Control of Cell “Stemness”
10.1002/emmm.201201999 · 2013 · External reference
Autophagy and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications
10.1038/s41418-019-0292-y · 2019 · External reference
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00629
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00629 · External reference
Reciprocal Interactions between Gut Microbiota and Autophagy
10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8283 · 2021 · External reference
Microbiota–Host Interactions Shape Ageing Dynamics
10.1098/rstb.2019.0596 · 2020 · External reference
The Aging Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Host Immunity
10.1038/s41435-021-00126-8 · 2021 · External reference
The Connection between Aging, Cellular Senescence and Gut Microbiome Alterations: A Comprehensive Review
10.1111/acel.14315 · 2024 · External reference
Integrating Cellular Senescence with the Concept of Damage Accumulation in Aging: Relevance for Clearance of Senescent Cells
10.1111/acel.12841 · 2019 · External reference
Model Systems for Environmental Signaling
10.1093/icb/45.4.605 · 2005 · External reference
Phylogenetic Evidence for the Modular Evolution of Metazoan Signalling Pathways
10.1098/rstb.2015.0477 · 2017 · External reference
TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) Ion Channel Family: Structures, Biological Functions and Therapeutic Interventions for Diseases
10.1038/s41392-023-01464-x · 2023 · External reference
Environmental Temperature Differentially Modulates C. elegans Longevity through a Thermosensitive TRP Channel
10.1016/j.celrep.2015.04.066 · 2015 · External reference
FoxO Is a Critical Regulator of Stem Cell Maintenance in Immortal Hydra
10.1073/pnas.1209714109 · 2012 · External reference
Evolution of TRP Channels Inferred by Their Classification in Diverse Animal Species
10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.016 · 2015 · External reference
10.3390/ijms27104609
10.3390/ijms27104609 · External reference
10.1371/journal.pone.0151386
10.1371/journal.pone.0151386 · External reference
The Dual Personality of NO
10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01499-1 · 2000 · External reference
10.3390/antiox13101213
10.3390/antiox13101213 · External reference
Involvement of Nitric Oxide in the Head Regeneration of Hydra vulgaris
10.1016/j.niox.2009.07.003 · 2009 · External reference
ROS and RNS Signalling: Adaptive Redox Switches through Oxidative/Nitrosative Protein Modifications
10.1080/10715762.2018.1457217 · 2018 · External reference
Nitric Oxide Mediated Redox Regulation of Protein Homeostasis
10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.10.019 · 2019 · External reference
Nitric Oxide Contributes to Protein Homeostasis by S-Nitrosylations of the Chaperone HSPA8 and the Ubiquitin Ligase UBE2D
10.1016/j.redox.2018.10.002 · 2019 · External reference
Complex Interplay between Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Development of Pulmonary Disease
10.1016/j.redox.2020.101679 · 2020 · External reference
Interactions between Reactive Oxygen Species and Autophagy
10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119041 · 2021 · External reference
The Interplay Involving Oxidative Stress and Autophagy: Mechanisms, Implications, and Therapeutic Opportunities
10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104989 · 2025 · External reference
Enhancing Autophagy by Redox Regulation Extends Lifespan in Drosophila
10.1038/s41467-025-60603-w · 2025 · External reference
Extra-Telomeric Functions of Human Telomerase: Cancer, Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress
10.2174/1381612820666140630095606 · 2014 · External reference
10.3390/ijms20061509
10.3390/ijms20061509 · External reference
Non-Canonical Functions of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase—Impact on Redox Homeostasis
10.1016/j.redox.2020.101543 · 2020 · External reference
Canonical and Extra-telomeric Functions of Telomerase: Implications for Healthy Ageing Conferred by Endurance Training
10.1111/acel.13836 · 2023 · External reference
10.3390/ijms24054450
10.3390/ijms24054450 · External reference
10.1371/journal.pgen.1011923
10.1371/journal.pgen.1011923 · External reference
Evolution of Senescence by Damage Accumulation That Accelerates with Age Throughout an Organism’s Lifespan
10.1002/ece3.72988 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
An Explanation for Negligible Senescence in Animals
10.1002/ece3.8970 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Autophagic Control of Cell “Stemness”
10.1002/emmm.201201999 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Buds of Oscarella lobularis (Porifera, Homoscleromorpha): A New Convenient Model for Sponge Cell and Evolutionary Developmental Biology
10.1002/jez.b.23271 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Inducible Aging in Hydra oligactis Implicates Sexual Reproduction, Loss of Stem Cells, and Genome Maintenance as Major Pathways
10.1007/s11357-020-00214-z · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A Theory of Marginotomy
10.1016/0022-5193(73)90198-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Aging and Longevity in the Simplest Animals and the Quest for Immortality
10.1016/j.arr.2014.05.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Interactions between Reactive Oxygen Species and Autophagy
10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119041 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Nitric Oxide Mediated Redox Regulation of Protein Homeostasis
10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.10.019 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Environmental Temperature Differentially Modulates C. elegans Longevity through a Thermosensitive TRP Channel
10.1016/j.celrep.2015.04.066 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
A Large and Consistent Phylogenomic Dataset Supports Sponges as the Sister Group to All Other Animals
10.1016/j.cub.2017.02.031 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Programmed Cell Senescence Is Required for Sensory Organ Development in Drosophila
10.1016/j.isci.2025.112048 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The ULK1 Kinase, a Necessary Component of the pro-Regenerative and Anti-Aging Machinery in Hydra
10.1016/j.mad.2020.111414 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
WIPI2 Links LC3 Conjugation with PI3P, Autophagosome Formation, and Pathogen Clearance by Recruiting Atg12–5-16L1
10.1016/j.molcel.2014.05.021 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Involvement of Nitric Oxide in the Head Regeneration of Hydra vulgaris
10.1016/j.niox.2009.07.003 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Nitric Oxide Contributes to Protein Homeostasis by S-Nitrosylations of the Chaperone HSPA8 and the Ubiquitin Ligase UBE2D
10.1016/j.redox.2018.10.002 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Non-Canonical Functions of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase—Impact on Redox Homeostasis
10.1016/j.redox.2020.101543 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Complex Interplay between Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Development of Pulmonary Disease
10.1016/j.redox.2020.101679 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Somatic Stem Cells Express Piwi and Vasa Genes in an Adult Ctenophore: Ancient Association of “Germline Genes” with Stemness
10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.10.019 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Interplay Involving Oxidative Stress and Autophagy: Mechanisms, Implications, and Therapeutic Opportunities
10.1016/j.yexmp.2025.104989 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Evolution of TRP Channels Inferred by Their Classification in Diverse Animal Species
10.1016/j.ympev.2014.06.016 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Sponges (Porifera) Model Systems to Study the Shift from Immortal to Senescent Somatic Cells: The Telomerase Activity in Somatic Cells
10.1016/s0047-6374(97)00120-6 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Dual Personality of NO
10.1016/s0165-6147(00)01499-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mortality Patterns Suggest Lack of Senescence in Hydra
10.1016/s0531-5565(97)00113-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Diversity of Ageing across the Tree of Life
10.1038/nature12789 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Interventions and Treatments
10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) Ion Channel Family: Structures, Biological Functions and Therapeutic Interventions for Diseases
10.1038/s41392-023-01464-x · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Autophagy and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications
10.1038/s41418-019-0292-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Regulations of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) in Cancer
10.1038/s41419-024-06454-7 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Aging Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Host Immunity
10.1038/s41435-021-00126-8 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Enhancing Autophagy by Redox Regulation Extends Lifespan in Drosophila
10.1038/s41467-025-60603-w · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Evolution of Cancer and Ageing: A History of Constraint
10.1038/s41568-025-00861-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Inflammaging: A New Immune–Metabolic Viewpoint for Age-Related Diseases
10.1038/s41574-018-0059-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mechanism and Medical Implications of Mammalian Autophagy
10.1038/s41580-018-0003-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Autophagy as a Promoter of Longevity: Insights from Model Organisms
10.1038/s41580-018-0033-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Proteostasis Network and Its Decline in Ageing
10.1038/s41580-019-0101-y · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Mechanisms and Roles of Selective Autophagy in Mammals
10.1038/s41580-022-00542-2 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Placozoan Fiber Cells: Mediators of Innate Immunity and Participants in Wound Healing
10.1038/s41598-021-02735-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Autophagy in Healthy Aging and Disease
10.1038/s43587-021-00098-4 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Telomere Maintenance and Telomerase Activity Are Differentially Regulated in Asexual and Sexual Worms
10.1073/pnas.1118885109 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
FoxO Is a Critical Regulator of Stem Cell Maintenance in Immortal Hydra
10.1073/pnas.1209714109 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Error, Signal, and the Placement of Ctenophora Sister to All Other Animals
10.1073/pnas.1503453112 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Constant Mortality and Fertility over Age in Hydra
10.1073/pnas.1521002112 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hydra, a Powerful Model for Aging Studies
10.1080/07924259.2014.927805 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
ROS and RNS Signalling: Adaptive Redox Switches through Oxidative/Nitrosative Protein Modifications
10.1080/10715762.2018.1457217 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Chronic Inflammation (Inflammaging) and Its Potential Contribution to Age-Associated Diseases
10.1093/gerona/glu057 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Model Systems for Environmental Signaling
10.1093/icb/45.4.605 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Refining Convergent Rate Analysis with Topology in Mammalian Longevity and Marine Transitions
10.1093/molbev/msab226 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Loss of Neurogenesis in Hydra Leads to Compensatory Regulation of Neurogenic and Neurotransmission Genes in Epithelial Cells
10.1098/rstb.2015.0040 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Phylogenetic Evidence for the Modular Evolution of Metazoan Signalling Pathways
10.1098/rstb.2015.0477 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Microbiota–Host Interactions Shape Ageing Dynamics
10.1098/rstb.2019.0596 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Cellular, Metabolic, and Developmental Dimensions of Whole-Body Regeneration in Hydra
10.1101/cshperspect.a040725 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Age-dependent Plasticity in Reproductive Investment, Regeneration Capacity and Survival in a Partially Clonal Animal (Hydra oligactis)
10.1111/1365-2656.13287 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Integrating Cellular Senescence with the Concept of Damage Accumulation in Aging: Relevance for Clearance of Senescent Cells
10.1111/acel.12841 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Canonical and Extra-telomeric Functions of Telomerase: Implications for Healthy Ageing Conferred by Endurance Training
10.1111/acel.13836 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
The Connection between Aging, Cellular Senescence and Gut Microbiome Alterations: A Comprehensive Review
10.1111/acel.14315 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
When Does Early-life Telomere Length Predict Survival? A Case Study and Meta-analysis
10.1111/mec.16894 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Cellular Senescence: Aging, Cancer, and Injury
10.1152/physrev.00020.2018 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Essential Role for Autophagy in Life Span Extension
10.1172/jci73946 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Anti-Aging Strategies
10.1186/s12964-024-01663-1 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Developmental Expression of “Germline”- and “Sex Determination”-Related Genes in the Ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi
10.1186/s13227-016-0051-9 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Deficient Autophagy in Epithelial Stem Cells Drives Aging in the Freshwater Cnidarian Hydra
10.1242/dev.177840 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1371/journal.pgen.1011923
10.1371/journal.pgen.1011923 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1371/journal.pone.0134566
10.1371/journal.pone.0134566 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.1371/journal.pone.0151386
10.1371/journal.pone.0151386 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hydra, the Everlasting Embryo, Confronts Aging
10.1387/ijdb.113461dm · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Hydra, a Fruitful Model System for 270 Years
10.1387/ijdb.120086bg · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Extra-Telomeric Functions of Human Telomerase: Cancer, Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress
10.2174/1381612820666140630095606 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3389/fcell.2021.645593
10.3389/fcell.2021.645593 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3389/fcell.2026.1893030
10.3389/fcell.2026.1893030 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00629
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00629 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/antiox13101213
10.3390/antiox13101213 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/cells14221831
10.3390/cells14221831 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/genes12040506
10.3390/genes12040506 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/ijms20061509
10.3390/ijms20061509 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/ijms222313173
10.3390/ijms222313173 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/ijms24054450
10.3390/ijms24054450 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/ijms25158542
10.3390/ijms25158542 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/ijms26030993
10.3390/ijms26030993 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/ijms27104609
10.3390/ijms27104609 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
10.3390/microorganisms10040774
10.3390/microorganisms10040774 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Reciprocal Interactions between Gut Microbiota and Autophagy
10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8283 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Mammalian Atg18 (WIPI2) Localizes to Omegasome-Anchored Phagophores and Positively Regulates LC3 Lipidation
10.4161/auto.6.4.11863 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
Senescence as a Trade-off between Successful Land Colonisation and Longevity: Critical Review and Analysis of a Hypothesis
10.7717/peerj.12286 · ExternalCitation · doi-reference
