Research graph
References from Laboratory Medicine Decision Support—Beyond Exam Passing: A Blinded 100-Case Text-Based Benchmark of Diagnostic Accuracy, Management Quality, and Safety for ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek—LLM Decision Support in Laboratory Medicine. Local targets link to admitted publications; unresolved targets remain external evidence.
Large language models in medicine
10.1038/s41591-023-02448-8 · 2023 · External reference
Assessment of ChatGPT’s adherence to ETA-thyroid nodule management guideline over two different time intervals 14 days apart: In binary and multiple-choice queries
10.1007/s12020-024-03750-2 · 2024 · External reference
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10.1371/journal.pdig.0000198
10.1371/journal.pdig.0000198 · External reference
ChatGPT vs Medical Professional: Analyzing Responses to Laboratory Medicine Questions on Social Media
10.1093/clinchem/hvae093 · 2024 · External reference
Benefits, Limits, and Risks of GPT-4 as an AI Chatbot for Medicine
10.1056/nejmsr2214184 · 2023 · External reference
Artificial intelligence adoption challenges from healthcare providers’ perspectives: A comprehensive review and future directions
10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107028 · 2026 · External reference
Can AI Answer My Questions? Utilizing Artificial Intelligence in the Perioperative Assessment for Abdominoplasty Patients
10.1007/s00266-024-04157-0 · 2024 · External reference
10.1201/9781003242697
10.1201/9781003242697 · External reference
The STARD-AI reporting guideline for diagnostic accuracy studies using artificial intelligence
10.1038/s41591-025-03953-8 · 2025 · External reference
The TRIPOD-LLM reporting guideline for studies using large language models
10.1038/s41591-024-03425-5 · 2025 · External reference
Unresolved reference
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Assessing the performance of ChatGPT to solve biochemistry question papers of university examination
10.1152/advan.00076.2023 · 2023 · External reference
Assessing the Performance of ChatGPT in Medical Biochemistry Using Clinical Case Vignettes: Observational Study
10.2196/47191 · 2023 · External reference
Evaluating ChatGPT as a self-learning tool in medical biochemistry: A performance assessment in undergraduate medical university examination
10.1002/bmb.21808 · 2024 · External reference
ChatGPT: A Reliable Laboratory Medicine Consult?
10.1093/clinchem/hvae100 · 2024 · External reference
Comparative evaluation of ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5 and Google Gemini on PCOS assessment and management based on recommendations from the 2023 guideline
10.1007/s12020-024-04121-7 · 2025 · External reference
Triage Performance Across Large Language Models, ChatGPT, and Untrained Doctors in Emergency Medicine: Comparative Study
10.2196/53297 · 2024 · External reference
Emergency Medicine Assistants in the Field of Toxicology, Comparison of ChatGPT-3.5 and GEMINI Artificial Intelligence Systems
10.15388/amed.2024.31.2.18 · 2024 · External reference
Comparative performance of ChatGPT, Gemini, and final-year emergency medicine clerkship students in answering multiple-choice questions: Implications for the use of AI in medical education
10.1186/s12245-025-00949-6 · 2025 · External reference
10.3389/frai.2025.1518049
10.3389/frai.2025.1518049 · External reference
Readability, reliability and quality of responses generated by ChatGPT, gemini, and perplexity for the most frequently asked questions about pain
10.1097/md.0000000000041780 · 2025 · External reference
